III. Open the brackets using the verbs in proper tenses. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian.

1. She ............ already (to clean) ...................... the room by that time.

2. By 5 o’clock all tourists (to gather) ....................................... in the hotel.

3. When I came home my parents (to have) .................................................. dinner.

4. Suddenly Tom remembered – he (to forget) ............................... to lock the door.

5. Peter felt nervous because he (not to learn) ........................................ the words from the text.

6. ............. you already (to read) ................... today’s newspaper?

7. They (to move) .......................... to Chernihiv from Kyiv in 1980.

8. When ........... you (to receive) .......................... the last letter? – A month ago. Since then I (to send) .................................... them a few letters.

9. The children (to return) .................................... home before it began to rain.

10. We (to visit) ......................................... the exhibition of furniture on Sunday.

Text 15 automatic control

T o be truly automatic, a machine tool must be capable of produc­ing parts repetitively without operator assistance in loading parts, starting the machine, and unloading parts. In this sense, some bar-turning machines are automatic. In practice, however, some machine tools designated as automatic are actually semi-automatic, since they require an operator to load the work-piece into the machine, press the start button, and unload the part when the operation is completed. The tooling for automatic machines is more complex than for hand-controlled machines and usually requires a skilled worker to make the setup. After the setup, however, a less skilled operator can operate one or more machines simultaneously. Tracer lathes and numerically controlled (NC) machine tools are examples of machines that use varying degrees of automatic and semi-automatic control.

Exercises

I. Give the Ukrainian equivalents:

1.	repetitively
2.	bar-turning machines
3.	setup
4.	tracer lathes

II. Insert the missing words.

cost instructions build into

Information to manufacture automatic machine

to perform measure equipment

A rough …………………………. of the cost of automatic control is the amount and nature of the ………………………….the automatic machine must handle. …………………….. a complicated operation such as manufacturing a metal part, we must ………………………………the machine a great deal of information-handling capacity, for it has to carry out a whole complex of ………………………….. . This initial …………………………. is expensive. If the machine is …………………………… only a single product, say an automobile crankshaft, in large quantities, the investment is spread over many items and the ……………….of each crankshaft is small. In such a case the …………………………………… is worth its cost.