18. Social Networks and the Media

* How can social networks be used by journalists and reporters?

Journalists and reporters can efficiency share events include photo and video information with audience. Also they can communicate with colleagues and followers. There are a lot of social networks which journalists and reporters use: facebook, twitter, tumblr, livejournal, blogspot, vkontakte and etc. So many people of mass media sphere have a blog. It’s a dairy in the internet. They write about interesting in their life, job, and world. As well as they have accounts in other social services. Using depends on aims. If they want to tell something in details they prefer blogs, but if they need to be short, they prefer twitter. To post text in twitter is faster and short news is easy to read. Social networks are the best way to be involved in social live and get it with.

* What aspects should a journalist keep in mind when using social networks as a work

tool? (Ethics in Social Networks)

When a journalist uses social networks as a work tool, he should keep some aspects in mind:

-Take audience interests into consideration- it is very important point of journalism, because journalists work for audience. This is one of three main points of journalism. They should give to people what they need and what they want to know about.

-Journalist posts should be a reliable source. Everybody wants to know the truth. Thought the instrumentality of published information people could compose the picture of what is going on.

-Journalists should prepare “fresh” news. The news is recent the better for audience. Journalists approach to be the first hand of giving information.

-Journalists have to remember about sense of humor when it is necessary. Spin control is significant. Text should be colorful and not boring.

- Journalism has educate. People should find something new for themselves by journalistic materials. Audience needs to make discoveries every day.

19. Stereotyping

• Provide the definition of the word ‘stereotype’.

• Who first introduced the term?

• What kinds of stereotypes can you name?

What is the role of mass media in forming and spreading stereotypes? Provide examples of stereotyping in the media.

Stereotype was appeared as image of thinking, what came from the printing trade. It was monolithic printing form used for printing machine. Translated from Classical Greek it means hard, volume.

In general stereotype is the long-standing relation to current situations, what was formed in terms of compare with your own ideals or as I have found in other resource it is one-side, exaggerated, based on prejudices look pertinent to special group of people. System of stereotypes forms world outlook.

Walter Leepman fixed the definition “social stereotype”. He considered that it is image of the world in people’s mind. He separated 2 basic reason of people’s aspiration to stereotyping: they don’t want to react newly every time on similar occasions; they protect their values and rights. It is image of behavior. It is periodic event.

Social stereotypes can gain different forms:

-stereotyped actions and ritual

-emotional reaction and dominate feelings

-generic ideas

-steady prohibitions

-social labels

-important values

Gender stereotypes:

-women are the softer sex

-women should be mother and wife

-men are cleverer then women

-successful women can’t have happiness in private life

Age stereotypes:

-all teens have awkward age

-youngers are so light-mind

-40 age men’s crisis

-old people are very conservative/grumbling

Ethnic stereotypes:

-Japanese is hard working

-Balt it slow

-Frenchmen is full of love

I can name a lot of others examples of private, family, religious, political stereotypes, but I think you can image it yourself.

They find away into all spheres of life. Massmedia reflect our actions, looks and stereotypes of course too.

For example, trends, fashion. It is season stereotype. Female and male images. It is cool to be sunburnt and well-set-up. It is cool to have iphone, ipad, use twitter. When we talk about trends we mean stereotypes too.

All examples that I’ve named earlier we meet in media daily. This rules live in our mind and lives in mind of our ancestry.

And media involve new stereotypes, maybe tie sometimes. It is the result of advertising and spreading of modern information.

Образ женщины

Появление журналистики-появление стереотипов

Образ мужчины и женщины в реламе

http://www.russcomm.ru/rca_biblio/s/skornyakova.shtml