III. Прочтите предложения, определив функцию ''-ing"-формы, и переведите предложения:

1. Leaving a transmitting antenna, a radio wave travels in all directions.

2. Part of the signal travelling along the ground is called the ground wave.

3. The ionosphere has the property of bending radio waves and returning them to the ground.

4. Bending radio waves changes the direction of the wave.

5. Obtaining new data on the waves travelling was necessary for future investigations.

6. Without using superconducting materials it was impos­sible to perfect this system operation.

7. Building a network of transmitting stations in that re­gion was of prime importance.

8. The transmitter operating on low frequencies was construc­ted by these students.

9. The scientists' main task was studying ionospheric condi­tions.

10. Constructing simple radio-sets was followed by more complex devices using semiconductors.

11. After finishing the experiment scientists started discussing its results.

IV. Прочтите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание способы перевода причастия I в форме страдательного залога:

1. Being heated magnetized steel loses its magnetism.

2. The new measuring instrument being developed in this laboratory will be tested by that engineer.

3. The oscillations being produced in the antenna are weak.

4. New data being obtained are necessary for future investi­gations.

5. Being perfected the device operated successfully under all conditions.

6. The new receiver being tested will be used in this system.

7. Being equipped with modern instruments the laboratory carried out important experiments.

V. Прочтите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на перевод степеней сравнения имен прилагательных:

1. The more the weight the object has, the more work we must do in order to lift it.

2. The greater the number of free electrons in any metal, the greater is its conductivity.

3. The greater the distance between the plates, the less is the capacity of a capacitor.

4. The lower the resistance of the material, the more current can pass through it.

5. The higher the resistance of an insulator, the greater the applied voltage must be.

6. The higher we go into the atmosphere, the less is its pressure.

7. The larger the size of the electrodes, the more current capacity they can supply.

8. The higher the temperature, the quicker is the reaction.

VI. * Укажите дробью антонимы: к каждому слову из левой колонки (числитель) подберите его антоним из правой (знаменатель):

1. low

2. to lose

3. distant

4. a charge

5. to transmit

6. short

7. to absorb

8. to increase

9. possible

10. powerful

1. impossible

2. to receive

3. long

4. close [s]

5. to find

6. high

7. powerless

8. to decrease

9. to radiate

10. a discharge

VII. Прочтите и переведите сочетания слов:

1. at a great height; 2. at the height of 3 miles; 3. a thick layer; 4. a thin semiconductor layer; 5. to bend at right angle; 6. waves bending in the ionosphere; 7. to lose weight; 8. to lose electrons; 9. to supply considerable energy; 10. to supply modern equipment; 11. at low pressure; 12. at low frequency; 13. in the surrounding medium; 14. medium radio waves; 15. the main quality of the semiconductor; 16. to leave the atmosphere; 17. to leave the ground; 18. to change the direction of travel; 19. to move in upper layers of the atmosphere; 20. to consist mainly of neutral molecules