1. Choose Ukrainian equivalents to the following English words and word combinations:

1.	an approximation of π	a)	різновид тростини
2.	the area of a circle	b)	множення, ділення та операції з дробами
3.	the volume of a right cylinder	c)	спрощене розуміння
4.	prime and composite numbers	d)	об’єм прямого циліндра
5.	to solve an equation	e)	наближене значення π
6.	underpinnings to analytical geometry	f)	розв’язувати рівняння
7.	simplistic understandings	g)	площа круга
8.	area formulas	h)	формули обчислення площі
9.	multiplication, division and working with unit fractions	i)	закладення основ аналітичної геометріі
10.	a kind of reed	j)	прості і складені числа
11.	cuneiform script	a)	лінійні та квадратні рівняння
12.	to merge	b)	рідкість
13.	to cease	c)	клиновидне письмо
14.	the early Sumerians	d)	глиняна табличка
15.	sparsity	e)	зливатися
16.	isosceles triangle	f)	припинити
17.	sexagesimal numeral system	g)	рівнобедрений трикутник
18.	linear and quadratic equations	h)	ранні шумери
19.	place-value (positional) system	i)	шістдесятерична система числення
20.	a clay tablet (plate)	j)	позиційна система числення

2. Give Ukrainian equivalents of the words underlined in the text.

3. Find in the text mathematical terms, write them out, and translate into Ukrainian.

4. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian:

1. The Berlin papyrus shows that ancient Egyptians could solve a second-order algebraic equation. 2. Also, three geometric elements contained in the R-hind papyrus suggest the simplest of underpinnings to analytical geometry. 3. Like many ancient mathematical texts, the Moscow papyrus consists of what are today called "word problems" or "story problems", which were apparently intended as entertainment. 4. They also extracted the volume of a right cylinder and the area of a triangle as well as arithmetic and geometric series, but they handled only a simple first order linear equation. 5. Mathematical study in Egypt later continued under the Islamic Caliphate as part of Islamic mathematics, when Arabic became the written language of Egyptian scholars. 6 They lacked, however, an equivalent of the decimal point, and so the place value of a symbol often had to be inferred from the context. 7. Babylonian mathematics merged with Greek and Egyptian mathematics to give rise to Hellenistic mathematics. 8. In contrast to the sparsity of sources in Egyptian mathematics, our knowledge of Babylonian mathematics is derived from more than 400 clay tablets unearthed since the 1850s. 9. From this sexagesimal system we derive the present-day usage of 60 seconds in a minute, 60 minutes in an hour, and 360 degrees in a circle. 10. After deciphering the wedge-shaped letters, we can know that the Babylonians used very high system of calculation in commerce and agriculture with the positional numeral system, where digits written in the left column represented larger values, much as in the decimal system.

5. Translate the italicized paragraph into Ukrainian (in writing).

6. Choose the correct answer: