- •Неличные формы глагола инфинитив
- •(Verbals)
- •Verbal Predicate
- •The infinitive
- •The infinitive can be:
- •1.1 Forms of the infinitive
- •Practice
- •1.2. The bare infinitive and the to-infinitive the use of the bare infinitive
- •1.2.1 “Let”, “make”, “would rather/ sooner” and “had better”
- •1.2.2 The infinitive with or without “to” after “help” and “know”
- •Practice
- •Context
- •When we were at school as children we were (make/wear) ……………………………
- •1.3. The functions of the infinitive
- •1.3.1 Infinitive as subject
- •The infinitive as predicative
- •The compound verbal predicate
- •Practice
- •Infinitive as subject
- •Infinitive as predicative
- •The infinitive as part of a compound verbal predicate
- •1.3.2 The infinitive as object
- •Come lend repeat show shut wait
- •2. Complete the sentences for each situation.
- •3. Complete these sentences so that the meaning is similar to the first sentence.
- •4. Put the verb in the right form:–ing or infinitive (with or without to).
- •1.3.3. The infinitive as attribute
- •5. The noun-substitute one.
- •Practice
- •Model: I had avoided the house all day and had brought food that we could eat by the lake.
- •Complete the following using the infinitives as attributes.
- •1.3.4. The infinitive as adverbial modifier
- •Adverbial modifier of purpose
- •Revision
- •1.4. Constructions with the Infinitive
- •1.4.1 The for-to-infinitive construction
- •In translating this construction into Russian a subordinate clause or an infinitive is used.
- •Sentence patterns with the for-phrase
- •Practice
- •1.4.2 The Objective with the Infinitive Construction (Complex object)
- •The Complex Object is used after the verbs:
- •Practice
- •1.4.3 The subjective infinitive construction (complex subject) (the Nominative-with-the-lnfinitive Construction)
- •Practice
- •1.5 Test yourself
- •Insert 'to’ where necessary before the infinitives in brackets:
- •Fill in the correct form of the Infinitive:
- •Paraphrase the sentences so as to use the Infinitive:
- •Define the function of the Infinitive:
- •Translate the sentences into English using infinitives and infinitive constructions:
- •Bibliography
Infinitive as predicative
Ex. 1. Comment on the use of the infinitive. Translate the sentences into Russian.
Model: His behaviour is difficult to explain.
“to explain” is a part of a predicative expressed by the indefinite infinitive active with the particle “to”.
1. The reason of his success is easy to understand. 2. Her neighbour was difficult to talk to. 3. The house was charming to look at, but rather inconvenient to live in. 4. Is your friend easy to deal with? 5. The date of the letter was impossible to make out. 6. Gemma was pleasant to look at and interesting to talk to 7. The Gadfly was difficult to convince.
Ex.2 a) Use the infinitives given below as predicative:
to visit, to encourage, to tell, to keep, to try, to go on, to return, to become, to reach, to bake, to check, to ask, to offend, to see, to take.
1. My plan for this weekend is ... one of my delicious apple pies.
2. My advice to you is ... a coach tour.
3. My next plan for the holiday is ... Europe.
4. The only thing that could do you best is ... a long rest.
5. The place is difficult ... by land.
6. His duty was ... us some questions on the matter.
7. The last thing I meant was ... you.
8. The only thing she could do was ... the truth.
9. His life's ambition was ... an economist.
10. The greatest thing is ... our heads up.
11. My suggestion for you is ... the answers on your own.
12. But for the present the best thing to do was ... him in his studies.
13. What turn things will take place is the best thing ... now.
14. There was no water nearby and the only thing was ... to find it somewhere.
b) Use the infinitive as a predicative to complete the sentences.
1. Our plan was ...
2. To act like this meant ...
3. The first thing he did was ...
4. The main problem ...
5. Our next step must be ...
6. What I want is ...
7. Our only chance to see him ...
8. To ask him a straight question means ...
9. Your next task is ...
10. My advice to her was ...
11. My only wish is ...
12. What she wants now is ...
13. My proposal is ...
14. Her aim is ...
15. What I have come for ...
Ex. 3. Complete the following.
1. The book was difficult ... .2. She is pleasant ... .3. This problem will not be difficult ... 4. The boy is hard ... .5. What he says is pleasant . .. , but rather hard .... His stories are too incredible .... 6. The sentence is easy ... and useful ... . 7. All she cooks is nice ... and delicious ....
Ex.4. Change the structure of the sentences according to the model.
Model: It is difficult to explain his behaviour. (subject)
His behaviour is difficult to explain. (predicative)
1. It is rather hard to read his handwriting. 2. It is very pleasant to listen to him. He sings so well. 3. It is hard to polish a diamond. 4. It is easy to answer such questions. 5. It is very comfortable to work at this desk. 6. It was very amusing to watch the scene. 7. It was easy to follow the track. 8. It was difficult to get along with him.
Ex. 5. Translate the sentences from Russian into English using the Infinitive as predicative.
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Наш план заключался в том, чтобы закончить работу к началу мая.
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Пользоваться телефоном для справок значит экономить время.
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Ее настроение легко понять.
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Такую роль, должно быть, очень интересно играть.
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Это заболевание трудно поддается лечению.
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Это правило нетрудно объяснить.
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Ему трудно угодить.
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В этом доме было удобно жить.
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С ней было трудно иметь дело.
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За этим столом удобно работать.
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Лучшее, что ты сейчас можешь сделать, — это извиниться перед ним.
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Наш план заключался в том, чтобы закончить строительство дома до наступления дождливой погоды.
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Моя цель — стать хорошим специалистом в этой области.
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Первое, что я хочу сделать — это хорошо отдохнуть.
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Задача была в том, чтобы добраться до места до рассвета.
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Все, что ей удалось сделать — это узнать номер их телефона.
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Единственное, что я сейчас хочу — это чтобы меня не беспокоили.
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Мой план заключался в том, чтобы переехать из Шотландии.
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Пользоваться телефоном для справок — это экономить время.
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Единственное, что ему хотелось сделать — это найти место, где можно было бы остановиться на ночь.
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Следующий пункт моего плана на лето состоит в том, чтобы съездить в Испанию на 2 недели.
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Первое, что необходимо было сделать — это посоветоваться с врачом.
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Теперь нам остается только послать объявление в газету.
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Мой план на выходные заключается в том, чтобы сходить в театр и посмотреть спектакль, о котором много говорят.
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Долг каждого человека — беречь природу.