- •Unit 1 about myself
- •I. Гласные звуки [I], [I:].
- •II. Text a: «About myself»,
- •III. Личные местоимения, определенный и неопределенный артикль, множественное число существительных. Phonetic warm-up (Фонетическая разминка)
- •Text a: “about myself”
- •Vocabulary:
- •Add to your active vocabulary (пополни свой активный словарь):
- •Text b: “my biography”
- •Grammar
- •I like coffee and tea. Friendship is very important in our life.
- •I told Jane about that.
- •I have read page eight of the magazine.
- •I don't know the name of this pupil.
- •Притяжательный падеж существительных
- •The boy's books — The boys' books
- •Unit 2 my working day
- •I. Гласные звуки [е], [æ].
- •II. Text a: «My working day»,
- •III. Степени сравнения прилагательных и наречий, порядок слов в английском предложении, типы вопросов.
- •Text a: «my working day»
- •Vocabulary:
- •Add to your active vocabulary
- •Text в: «nick's usual working day»
- •Grammar
- •§ 1. Степени сравнения прилагательных и наречий
- •Interesting — more (less) interesting — most (least) interesting,
- •§ 2. Порядок слов в английском предложении
- •§ 3. Основные типы вопросов, используемые в английском языке
- •Порядок слов в общем вопросе
- •Порядок слов в специальном вопросе
- •1. Общие
- •2. Специальные
- •3. Разделительные
- •Unit 3 my academy
- •I. Гласные звуки [а:], [], дифтонги [э], [ei].
- •II. Text a: «My Academy»,
- •III. §1. Безличные и неопределенно-личные предложения.
- •§2. Неопределенные местоимения some, any, отрицательное местоимение по и их производные.
- •Text a: «ann's academy»
- •Vocabulary:
- •Add to your active vocabulary
- •Text b: «moscow state university»
- •Grammar
- •I cannot find this book anywhere.
- •Unit 4 my home town
- •I. Гласные звуки [u:], [u].
- •II. Text a: «Sochi».
- •Ii1.§1. Местоимения little и few и местоименные выражения a little и a few.
- •§2. Оборот there is / there are.
- •Text a: «sochi» «Big Sochi — the best place on the Earth!»
- •Vocabulary:
- •Add to your active vocabulary:
- •Text b: «rostov-on-don»
- •Grammar
- •§1. Местоимения little и few и местоименные выражения a little и a few.
- •I have a few friends in Minsk I've got only few pencils in the box.
- •§2. Оборот there is / there are.
- •Unit 5 russia is my homeland
- •I. Гласные звуки [o:], [o], дифтонг [эu].
- •II. Text a: «The Russian Federation», Text b: «Moscow».
- •III. §1. Времена английского глагола,
- •§2. Правильные и неправильные глаголы.
- •Text a: «the russian federation»
- •Vocabulary:
- •Text b: «moscow»
- •Grammar
- •§1. Времена английского глагола.
- •§2. Правильные и неправильные глаголы.
- •Exercise 5.13. Change the sentences into questions as in the example. Answer the questions.
- •Unit 6
- •The united kingdom
- •I. Дифтонги [iэ], [ai], согласный [h].
- •II. Text a: «United Kingdom», Text b: «History of London».
- •III.Модальные глаголы и их заменители.
- •Text a «the united kingdom»
- •Vocabulary:
- •Exercise 6.1. Translate into English.
- •Exercise 6.2. Use the following phrases and word combinations to retell the text:
- •Exercise 6.3. Discuss the following statements. Use the following phrases to express your opinion:
- •Text b: "history of london"
- •General understanding:
- •Grammar
- •Модальные глаголы и их эквиваленты.
- •Might — прошедшее время
- •Must — должен, обязан.
- •После модальных глаголов и некоторых их эквивалентов инфинитив употребляется без частицы to.
- •Значения:
- •Exercise 6.7. Analyse the use of modal verbs and translate the following sentences:
- •Exercise 6.8. Insert necessary modal verbs:
- •Exercise 6.9. Translate into English using modal verbs:
- •Unit 7
- •The united states of america
- •§2. Страдательный залог.
- •Согласный звук []
- •Text a: «the united states of america»
- •Vocabulary:
- •Add to your active vocabulary:
- •Exercise 7.1. Translate into English:
- •Text в: «transport system of the usa»
- •Roads and Railways
- •General understanding:
- •Grammar
- •§1. Согласование времен в главном и придаточном предложениях.
- •Exercise 7.2. Open the brackets. Pay attention to the Sequence of Tenses. Translate the sentences into English.
- •§2. Страдательный залог (Passive Voice).
- •Exercise 7.3. Translate into English. Determine the Tense and Voice of the verb:
- •Exercise 7.4. Translate into English. Determine the Tense and Voice of the verb:
- •Exercise 7.5. Put the verbs in brackets in the right form:
- •Exercise 7.6. Translate into English:
- •Exercise 7.7. Translate into English:
- •Unit 8
- •Higher education in the uk
- •I. Согласные звуки [w], [].
- •II. Text a: «Higher Education In the uk».
- •III.§1. Сложное дополнение (Complex object).
- •§2. Причастие и герундий.
- •Text a: "higher education in the uk»
- •Vocabulary:
- •Add to your active vocabulary:
- •Exercise 8.1. Translate into English:
- •Grammar
- •§1. Сложное дополнение (Complex object).
- •Exercise 8.2. Put the verbs in brackets in the right form:
- •Exercise 8.3. Translate into English:
- •§2. Причастие и герундий. Их отличие.
- •(Participle I)
- •Причастие II (Participle II)
- •Употребление герундия и его отличие от причастия I
- •Герундий употребляется:
- •Reading is useful.
- •He started reading the book.
- •Exercise 8.4. Open the brackets using the gerund:
- •Unit 9
- •My future profession
- •§2. Сослагательное наклонение в условных предложениях.
- •Text a: "my future profession"
- •Vocabulary:
- •Add to your active vocabulary:
- •To look for a new job (work, position) — искать новую работу
- •Exercise 9.1. Translate into English:
- •Text b «the future of the engineering profession»
- •General understanding:
- •Grammar
- •§1. Придаточные предложения условия и времени. Действие которых отнесено к будущему.
- •Exercise 9.4. Open the brackets and put the verbs in the right form:
- •Exercise 9.5. Make up adjectives from the following words:
- •§2. Сослагательное наклонение в условных предложениях,
- •Exercise 9.6. Translate into Russian:
- •Unit 1
- •I. Text a: «Metals», Text b: «Steel», Text c: «Methods of steel heat treatment»
- •II. Famous Scientists. Dmitry Ivanovlch Mendeleyev.
- •Text a: «metals»
- •Vocabulary:
- •General understanding:
- •Exercise 1.1. Find the following words and word combinations in the text:
- •Exercise 1.2. Complete the following sentences:
- •Exercise 1.3. Explain in English the meaning of the following words:
- •Exercise 1.4. Translate into English:
- •Text в: «steel»
- •Vocabulary:
- •General understanding:
- •Exercise 1.5. Find the following words and word combinations in the text:
- •Text с: «methods of steel heat treatment»
- •Vocabulary:
- •General understanding:
- •Exercise 1.6. Translate into English the following words and word combinations:
- •Famous people of science
- •Dmitry Ivanovich Mendeleyev
- •Unit 2
- •Metalworking
- •Text a: «metalworking processes»
- •Rolling
- •Extrusion
- •Vocabulary:
- •General understanding:
- •Exercise 2.1. Find the following in the text:
- •Exercise 2.2. Translate into English:
- •Text в: «drawing»
- •Sheet metal forming
- •Forging
- •Vocabulary:
- •General understanding:
- •Exercise 2.3. Find the following word combinations in the text:
- •Exercise 2.4. Translate into English:
- •Text c: «metalworking and metal propeties»
- •Vocabulary
- •General understanding:
- •Exercise 2.5. Find the following in the text:
- •Exercise 2.6. Translate into English:
- •Famous scientists
- •Materials science and technology
- •Text a: «mechanical properties Of materials»
- •Vocabulary
- •General understanding:
- •Exercise 3.1. Find the following in the text:
- •Exercise 3.2. Translate into English the following sentences:
- •Text в: «Mechanical Properties of Materials»
- •Vocabulary
- •General understanding:
- •Exercise 3.3. Find the following words and word combinations in the text:
- •Exercise 3.4. Translate into English the following:
- •«Famous people of science and engineering»
- •Unit 4
- •Machine-tools
- •I. Text a: «Machine-tools», Text b: «Lathe»,
- •Text c: «Milling, boring, drilling machines. Shapers and Planers», Text d: «Dies»
- •II. Famous people of science and technology: George Stephenson, Robert Slephenson.
- •Text a: «machine-toois»
- •Vocabulary:
- •Text b: «lathe»
- •Vocabulary:
- •General understanding:
- •Exercise 4.1. Find English equivalents in the text:
- •Exercise 4.2. Translate into English:
- •Text с: «milling machine»
- •Drilling and Boring Machines
- •Shapers and Planers
- •Grinders
- •Vocabulary:
- •General understanding:
- •Exercise 4.3. Translate into English:
- •Text d: «dies»
- •Wiredrawing Dies
- •Thread-Cutting Dies
- •Vocabulary:
- •Exercise 4.4. Find English equivalents in the text:
- •Exercise 4.5. Translate the following sentences into Russian:
- •Famous people of science and engineering
- •George Stephenson
- •Unit 5
- •Plastics
- •I. Text a: «Plastics», Text b: «Types of plastics», Text c: «Composite Materials»
- •II. Famous People of Science: Alfred Bernhard Nobel.
- •Text a: «plastics»
- •Vocabulary:
- •General understanding
- •Exercise 5.1. Find English equivalents in the text:
- •Exercise 5.2. Translate into English:
- •Text в: «types of plastics»
- •1. Epoxy resin.
- •3. Polystyrene.
- •Vocabulary:
- •General understanding:
- •Exercise 5.3. Translate into Russian:
- •Exercise 5.4. Translate into English:
- •Text с: «composite materials»
- •Vocabulary:
- •General understanding:
- •Exercise 5.5. Find equivalents in the text:
- •Exercise 5.6. Translate into Russian:
- •Famous inventors
- •Unit 6
- •Welding
- •I. Text a: «Welding», Text в: «Other types of welding»
- •II. Famous People of Science and Technology: James Prescott Joule.
- •Text a: «welding»
- •Gas Welding
- •Arc Welding
- •Shielded Metal Arc
- •Vocabulary:
- •General understanding:
- •Exercise 6.1. Find the following words and word combinations in the text:
- •Text в: «other types of welding»
- •Submerged Arc
- •Resistance Welding
- •Vocabulary
- •General understanding:
- •Exercise 6.2. Translate into English:
- •Exercise 6.3. Translate into Russian:
- •Famous people of science and technology
- •Unit 7
- •Automation and robotics
- •I. Text a: «Automation», Text b: «Types of automation»,
- •Text c: «Robots In manufacturing»
- •II. Famous people of science and technology: James Watt.
- •Text a: «automation»
- •Automation in Industry
- •Vocabulary:
- •General understanding:
- •Exercise 7.1. Find the following words and word combinations in the text:
- •Text в: «types of automation»
- •Applications of Automation and Robotics in Industry
- •Vocabulary
- •General understanding:
- •Exercise 7.2. Find equivalents in English in the text:
- •Exercise 7.3. Explain in English what does the following mean?
- •Text c: «robots in manufacturing»
- •Vocabulary:
- •General understanding:
- •Exercise 7.4. Translate into English:
- •4. Станки с числовым программным управлением — хороший пример программируемой автоматизации.
- •Famous people of science and engineering
- •James Watt
- •II. Famous people of science and engineering: Charles Babbage.
- •Vocabulary:
- •General understanding:
- •Exercise 8.1. Which of the listed below terms have Russian equivalents:
- •Exercise 8.2. Which of the listed above statements are true/false. Specify your answer using the text.
- •Exercise 8.3. Match the following:
- •Exercise 8.4. Translate the text. Retell the text, using the vocabulary.
- •Exercise 8.5. Questions for group discussion:
- •Text b: «hardware»
- •Processing hardware
- •Storage hardware
- •Vocabulary:
- •General understanding:
- •Exercise 8.6. Which of the listed below statements are true/false. Specify your answer using the text.
- •Exercise8.7. Give definitions to the following using the vocabulary
- •Exercise 8.8. Which of the following is Hardware:
- •Exercise 8.9. Match the following:
- •Questions for group discussion:
- •Text c: "types of software»
- •Vocabulary:
- •General understanding
- •Exercise 8.10. Which of the following is Software:
- •Exercise 8.11. Which of the listed below statements are true/false. Specify your answer using the text:
- •Exercise 8.12. Find English equivalents in the text:
- •Exercise 8.13. Give definitions to the following using the vocabulary:
- •Questions for group discussion:
- •Famous people of science and engineering
- •Unit 9
- •Modern computer technologies
- •Text a: «operating systems»
- •Vocabulary:
- •General understanding:
- •Exercise 9.1. Match the following:
- •Exercise 9.2. Which of the listed below statements are true/false. Specify your answer using the text.
- •Exercise 9.3. Translate into English:
- •Questions for group discussion:
- •Text b: «windows 95»
- •Vocabulary:
- •General understanding:
- •Exercise 9.4. Which of the listed above statements are true/false. Specify your answer using the text.
- •Exercise 9.5. Find the equivalents in the text:
- •Text c: «introduction to the www and the internet»
- •Vocabulary:
- •General understanding:
- •Exercise 9.8. Which of the listed below statements are true/false. Specify your answer using the text.
- •Exercise 9.9. Define the following using the vocabulary:
- •Exercise 9.10. Find the equivalents:
- •Exercise 9.11. Match the following:
- •Words to match with:
- •Famous people of science and engineering
- •Bill Gates
- •1. Alloys
- •2. Manufacturing of plastics
- •3. Principles and process of polymerisation in plastics production
- •4. Resins
- •Polyurethanes
- •5. Industrial plastics:
- •6. Basic principles of welding
- •7. Gear
- •8. Bearings
- •9. Construction of an automobile
- •11. Direct-current (dc) generators
- •12. Ac motors
- •13. Engineering as a profession
- •Safety Engineering
- •14. Automation in industry.
- •Fixed and programmable automation
- •Numerical control
- •Automated assembly
- •15. History of robotics
- •16. Measurements
- •17. Computers
- •18. History and future of the internet
- •19. Agricultural machinery
- •Предлоги, обозначающие движение
- •Take this book from the table.— Убери книгу со стола. '
- •I come from Russia. — я из России.
- •Предлоги, обозначающие место
- •She is sitting near the table. — Она сидит за столом.
- •Предлоги времени
- •Наиболее употребительные наречия.
- •Наречия места и направления:
- •Наречия времени:
- •Наречия образа действия:
- •Наречия меры и степени:
- •Наиболее употребительные суффиксы и префиксы существительных
- •II. Префиксы существительных
- •Наиболее употребительные суффиксы и префиксы глаголов
- •I. Суффиксы
- •Наиболее употребительные суффиксы и префиксы прилагательных
- •II. Префиксы
-
-
Text a «the united kingdom»
-
The United Kingdom, officially the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, is an island nation and constitutional monarchy in north-western Europe, member of the European Union (EU).
-
Great Britain is the largest of the British Isles. It comprises, together with numerous smaller islands, England and Scotland, and the principality of Wales. Northern Ireland, also known as Ulster, occupies the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland.
-
The United Kingdom is bordered to the south by the English Channel, which separates it from continental Europe, to the east by the North Sea, and to the west by the Irish Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. The only land border is between Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. The total area of the United Kingdom is 242 sq.km. The capital and largest city is London.
-
The names «United Kingdom», «Great Britain», and «England» are often used interchangeably. The use of «Great Britain», often shortened to «Britain», to describe the whole kingdom is common and widely accepted, although strictly it does not include Northern Ireland.
-
However, the use of «England» to mean the «United Kingdom» is not acceptable to members of the other constituent countries, especially the Scots and the Welsh.
-
England and Wales were united administratively, politically, and legally by 1543. The crowns of England and Scotland were united in 1603, but the two countries remained separate political entities until the 1707 Act of Union, which formed the Kingdom of Great Britain with a single legislature. From 1801, when Great Britain and Ireland were united, until the formal establishment of the Irish Free State in 1922, the kingdom was officially named the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.
-
Hong Kong, which has 200,000 population, was returned to China in 1997.
-
The mainland of the island of Great Britain is 974 km at its longest and 531 km at its widest; however, the highly indented nature of the island's coastline means that nowhere is more than about 120 km from the sea.
-
The climate of the United Kingdom is mild relative to its latitude, which is the same as that of Labrador in Canada. The mildness is an effect of the warm Gulf Stream. This current brings the prevailing south-west winds that moderate winter temperatures and bring the depressions which have the main day-to-day influence on the weather. The western side of the United Kingdom tends to be warmer than the eastern; the south is warmer than the north. The mean annual temperature is 6°C in the far north of Scotland; 11С in the south-west of England. Winter temperatures seldom are below -10°C and summer temperatures rarely higher than 32°C. The sea winds also bring plenty of moisture; average annual precipitation is more than 1,000 mm.
-
Rain tends to fall throughout the year, frequently turning to snow in the winter, especially in Scotland, the mountains of Wales, and northern England. The western side of Britain is much wetter than the eastern: average rainfall varies is from 5,000 mm in the western Highlands of Scotland, to less than 500 mm in parts of East Anglia in England.
-
The population of United Kingdom is more than 56 mln people, but it is one of the world's leading commercial and industrialized nations. In terms of gross national product (GNP) it ranks fifth in the world, with Italy, after the United States, Japan, Germany, and France.
-
Vocabulary:
-
island nation — островное государство
-
constitutional monarchy — конституционная монархия
-
European Union — Европейский союз
-
to comprise — включать
-
numerous — многочисленные
-
principality — княжество
-
North Sea — Северное море
-
interchangeably — взаимозаменяемо
-
to accept — принимать, допускать
-
strictly — строго, зд. строго говоря
-
include — включать
-
constituent — составляющий
-
administratively — административно
-
entities — зд. субъекты
-
single — зд. единая
-
indented — зд. изрезанная
-
latitude — широта геогр.
-
prevailing — преобладающий
-
moderate — умеренный
-
depressions — зд. циклоны
-
mean — средний
-
throughout — на всем протяжении
-
average annual precipitation — среднегодовое количество осадков
-
in terms of — говоря (о чем-либо)
-
GNP (Gross National Product) — валовой национальный продукт.
-
Exercise 6.1. Translate into English.
-
1. Официальное название Великобритании — Соединенное Королевство Великобритании и Северной Ирландии.
-
2. Соединенное королевство является членом Европейского союза и конституционной монархией.
-
3. Северная Ирландия занимает северо-восточную часть острова Ирландия.
-
4. Пролив Ла-Манш отделяет Соединенное Королевство от континентальной Европы.
-
Exercise 6.2. Use the following phrases and word combinations to retell the text:
-
1. As I understood from the text...
-
2. According to the text...
-
3. According to the author...
-
4. As it is described in the text...
-
5. As it is said in the text...
-
6. As the author puts it...
-
7. According to the figures (data, information, opinions) from the text...
-
Exercise 6.3. Discuss the following statements. Use the following phrases to express your opinion:
-
1. It seems to me (that)...
-
2. I would like to say that...
-
3. As I see it...
-
4. I think that...
-
5. I guess...
-
6. I suppose...
-
7. I (strongly) believe that...
-
8. I am (absolutely) sure that...
-
Statement A: The United Kingdom is a small country. It is one of the leading countries now because it had many rich colonies in the past.
-
Statement B: UK will loose Northern Ireland soon and Wales and Scotland later, like it lost Hong Kong in 1997, because of the differences in languages, culture and history.
-
Statement C: British people don't travel much because they live not too far from the sea (ocean).
-
-
Exercise 6.4. Which events in the modern history of Great Britain had an impact on world science and technology. Choose five the most important and briefly describe them.
-
Exercise 6.5. What inventions in UK made life more convenient and safer? What inventions have become dangerous for the mankind?
-
Exercise 6.6. Use the information below to be able to make a report on the following:
-
1) Land, 2) Climate, 3) Population, 4) Ethnic groups, 5) Economy.
-
-
Table: Modern history of Great Britain
-
1914
-
World War I begins.
-
1918
-
World War I ends.
-
1919
-
First regular London-Paris air service instituted.
-
1926
-
John Logie Baird demonstrates television system.
-
1927
-
British Broadcasting Corporation chartered.
-
1928
-
Alexander Fleming discovers penicillin.
-
1936
-
First regular television broadcasts from Alexandra Palace.
-
1947
-
Independence for India and Pakistan. Nationalization of coal mines and railways.
-
1949
-
Foundation of North Atlantic Treaty Organization.
-
1952
-
Britain explodes atomic bomb in Australia.
-
1955
-
Irish Republican Army begins terrorist campaign.
-
1960
-
Independence for Cyprus and Nigeria. «The Beatles» form.
-
1969
-
Oil discovered off Scottish coast.
-
1980
-
North Sea oil makes Britain self-sufficient in certain petroleum products.
-
1986
-
Trident ballistic missile system ordered from US.
-
-
-
LAND
-
Area
-
241,752 sq km
-
Highest Point
-
Ben Nevis
-
1,343 m above sea level
-
Lowest Point
-
Holme Fen 3 m below sea level
-
CLIMATE
-
Average Temperatures
-
London
-
January 4C
-
July 18C
-
Edinburgh
-
January 3C
-
July 15C
-
Average Annual Precipitation
-
London 590 mm
-
Edinburgh 680 mm
-
POPULATION
-
Population
-
58,395,000 (1994 estimate)
-
Population Density
-
242 persons/sq km (1994 estimate)
-
Urban/Rural population
-
92% Urban
-
8% Rural
-
Largest Cities
-
London (Greater) 6,933,000
-
Birmingham 1,017,000
-
Leeds 724,500
-
Glasgow 681,000
-
Ethnic Groups
-
94,5% English, Scottish, Welsh, or Irish
-
5,5% Other
-
Languages
-
Official Language
-
English
-
Other Languages
-
Welsh, Scots-Gaelic, other minority languages
-
Religions
-
54% Anglicanism
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13% Roman Catholicism
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33% Other
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including other Protestant denominations, Islam, Judaism, Hinduism, and Sikhism
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