2. Check your comprehension. Decide if each statement below is true or false according to the reading. If the statement is false, tell why.

1. Red blood cells are disk-shaped with high edges.

2. A healthy man has 10% fewer red blood cells than a healthy woman.

3. Hemoglobin can't be formed without iron.

4. Cell metabolism happens with the participation of carbon diox­ide.

5. The spine and hip bones are some of the places where red blood cells are formed.

6. Red blood cells outnumber white blood cells by at least 500 to 1.

7. Pus is made up largely of dead blood platelets.

8. The lymph nodes are among the places of the body where white blood cells are made.

Blood vessels the liver.

I. Read, translate and abstract the following text according abstract plan.

Blood Vessels. - The principal afferent blood vessel of the liver is the portal vein. It collects the blood from the viscera of the digestive tract and from the spleen and enters the liver at the porta together with the hepatic ar­tery. The liver of mammals receives a smaller part of its blood supply from the hepatic artery. This relatively small vessel supplies the interlobular con­nective tissue and its contained structures and helps to nourish the paren­chyma of the gland. In the living frog liver, numerous anatomizes have been seen between the terminals of the hepatic artery and those of the portal vein. The blood is drained from the liver by the two or more hepatic veins; these enter the inferior vena cava as it passes through the fossa for this vessel.

Throughout the liver the terminal branches of the portal vein and the radicles of the hepatic vein are about equal distances apart. Each radicle of the hepatic vein is surrounded by a layer of liver tissue of Uniform thickness, and this mass constitutes the hepatic lobule. Because of their central position in the long axis of the lobules, the interlobular branches of the hepatic vein arc called central veins. Several central veins join to form an intercalated vein the sub lobular vein of the older literature. Several of these veins unite to form a collecting vein; these in turn join to form the hepatic veins, which pursue a course through the liver independent of the portal venous system.

II. Business play.

Roles: Teacher of anatomy.

Students

Scenery: Choose one of the students as a teacher of anatomy, which will explain animal structure. Students ask questions and Teacher answers. Then Teacher checks up students. Use the anatomic picture and exercise below.

Match the organ in A with its functions in B. A.

A.

a) the liver; b) the kidneys; c) the abomasums; d) the in­testine; e) the heart; f) the gallbladder; g) the lungs. B.

1. A vital organ which enables the body to obtain oxygen from the air we breathe, and to eliminate carbon dioxide.

2. Its main functions are to regulate the amount of water and salt within the body, maintain the proper acid-base balance in the body, and to eliminate waste products from the blood.

3. It is the major part of the digestive system, extending from the duodenum to the anus.

4. It is a hollow, muscular organ where the process of digesting swallowed food begins.

5. It is a small sac which sits just beneath the liver and its only role is to concentrate gall and then release it when food is passing through the small intestine.

6. It is a powerful pump that beats continuously during life to circulate the blood throughout the body.

7. It is the largest and one of the most vital organs which receives a dual blood supply.

Match the organs of the bull in the picture (1—14) with their names given below (a—n)

a) liver; b) lung; c) omasum; d) abomasums; e) gallbladder; f) kidneys; g) small intestines; h) colon; i) testis; j) winary bladder; k) rectum; 1) cecum; m) duodenum; n) pancreas.

Example: 3 — omasum (книжка).