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2. Render the text according plan.

It is interesting to know

1. Read the text and translate without dictionary.

Although cats' eyes have the same parts as humans and other animals, they differ from all other animals' in several ways, enabling cats to have the best night vision of all domestic animals. Their pupils (зрачки) are oblong instead of round, which enables them to dilate widely in low light. In bright light cats' pupils become a very thin slit, protecting their eyes, which are sensitive to light.

Cats' hearing is at least three times more acute than humans' and they are able to hear high-pitched sounds much better than people.

Cats' sense of smell is very acute because the olfactory (smell-sensing) areas of their brains are highly developed.

Wolves

1. Fill in the gaps with prepositions.

Unfortunately, some parts ... the world there are not more wolves living ... the wild. And all because the wolf has traditionally been seen as an evil enemy. ... fact, this misun­derstood animal has many virtues.

Wolves are superb hunters. They prefer hunting wild animals ... domestic ones. They do not over-populate, but keep their numbers ... the level they can fee. As for killing people, conservationists insist that this is simply not true. "Wolves avoid people. We have to teach the world that wolves only attack human beings ... fairy tales."

There are plans to bring wolves back ... the wild areas ... Scotland, but local people have doubts ... this idea. "We want wolves back. They lived ... thousands ... years ... Scotland — it is their land — but we fear for our animals," one farmer says. The government has announced that it will pay ... any farm animals killed ... wolves. People in favor of bringing the wolf ... say this: "Let our children have the chance to hear a wolf howl at the moon ... still, Scottish night, and let us be proud that we made it possible."

II. Translate into English:

    1. У львов обоняние развито намного лучше, чем у человека.

    2. По запаха львы могут извлечь много информации.

    3. Львы знают очень хорошо свою территорию для охоты

    4. Очень часто львица охотится одна, а потом самец забирает с добычи «львиную долю»..

    5. Собаки имеют способности выражать радость и чувствовать боль.

    6. Собака также обладает памятью, воображением, способностью восприятия ощущений.

    7. Волки являются исключительными охотниками.

    8. Среди домашних животных, кошки обладают лучшим зрением.

    9. У кошек глаза не круглые, а вытянутые, что позволяет им хорошо видеть ночью.

    10. Животные способны прекрасно имитировать различные звуки.

Animals structure and organs Blood

1.Read following new words to know:

to circulate through – циркулировать

plasma – плазма

blood vessel – кровеносный сосуд

constituent - составляющая

substance – вещество

glucose – глюкоза

urea - мочевина

quart – кварта = 1.4 л

sodium - натрий

to account for – объяснять ч-л

pound – фунт = 453.6 г

pint – пинт = 0.57 л

readily – легко, без труда

to spare – обходиться без ч-л

artery – артерия

vein – вена

blood cell – клетка крови

blood platelet – кровяная пластинка

calcium - кальций

fraction – фракция

globulin – глобулин (белковое вещество)

carbon dioxide – углекислота

nutriment – пища, корм

kidney – анотом. почка

excretion – выделение

to convey – транспортировать

to fight off – отбить, отогнать

blood cells – клетки крови

2. Translate following word combinations using vocabulary: blood contains plasma; plasma is constituent of blood; blood is the red fluid; flowing part of the circula­tory system; brownish red; to in­clude red and white blood cells; to transfer oxygen; to convey hormones; to fight off infection; to regulate body temperature; organic con­stituents;

Blood is the red fluid that circulates through the body by way of the blood vessels. It is a very complex substance, and more is con­stantly being learned about it. It is the flowing part of the circula­tory system, which may be called the transportation system of the body.

The adult animal’s body contains blood accounting for about 5% of the body weight. If about one-third of the blood is lost, death usually occurs (unless the blood is replaced). A pint of blood, how­ever, can be readily spared at proper intervals. Blood in the arteries is bright red in color; blood in the veins is much darker, sometimes a brownish red.

Blood consists of many elements, liquid and solid. These in­clude red and white blood cells, blood platelets, and blood plasma. The plasma is the liquid part of the blood, something over 90% wa­ter. In it are dissolved essential elements that have to be carried from one place to another. These include, for example, organic con­stituents, such as blood sugar (glucose) and urea; inorganic ele­ments, such as sodium and calcium; gases, such as oxygen and car­bon dioxide; and secretions from the endocrine glands (hormones), antibodies, enzymes, and plasma proteins.

The plasma proteins make up about 7 to 8% of the plasma. By electrical methods developed during and after World War II, these proteins can be broken down into various fractions. Best known is the fraction called gamma globulin, which contains antibodies against several diseases, notably measles and polio.

Among the many specific functions of the blood are the follow­ing: (1) It transfers oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and the body cells; (2) It carries from the digestive system the nu­triments that cells need and gets rid of their waste products via the kidneys and other of excretion; (3) It conveys hormones; (4) It helps regulate body temperature; (5) It provides substances that fight off infection.

2. Give Russian equivalents of the following phrases.

Transportation system of the body, the flowing part of the circula­tory system, an adult human body, to be readily spared, organic constituents, antibodies against some diseases, to transfer carbon dioxide between the body cells and the lungs, to circulate through the body, proper intervals, to get rid of waste products, via kidneys.