2.6. Future Simple.

Rule

We form the future simple with the subject, will and the main verb.

Affirmative	Negative		Interrogative
	Long form	Short form
I will work You will work He will work She will work It will work We will work You will work They will work	I will not work You will not work He will not work She will not work It will not work We will not work You will not work They will not work	I won’t work You won’t work He won’t work She won’t work It won’t work We won’t work You won’t work They won’t work	Will I work? Will you work? Will he work? Will she work? Will it work? Will we work? Will you work? Will they work?

Rule

The Future Simple is used for:

in predictions about the future usually with the verbs think, believe, expect. etc., the expressions be sure, be afraid etc., and the adverbs perhaps, certainly, probably, etc. E.g. His parents think he will become an artist one day.

for on-the-spot decisions, and offers. E.g. Since it’s your birthday, I will pay for lunch.

for actions / events / situations which will definitely happen in the future and which we cannot control. E.g. Jill will be two years old next month (We cannot control this future event; it will definitely happen)

for promises (usually with the verbs promise, swear, guarantee, etc, for threats, for warnings, for requests, for hopes (usually with I hope). E.g. I hope pollution levels will drop soon, (hope) Factories must stop polluting the air or else we won’t be able to breathe. (warning).

Time expressions used with future simple:

tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next week / month / year, tonight, soon, in a week month / year, etc.

1. What will life be like in the 21st century? Look at the prompts and make sentences using will or won't, as in the example.

1. People / live longer. E.g. People will live longer.

2. Robots / do most of the work.

………………………………………………………………………………. .

3. People / use electric cars.

………………………………………………………………………………. .

4. Pollution /disappear.

………………………………………………………………………………. .

5. People / die of serious diseases.

………………………………………………………………………………. .

6. Children / stop going to school.

………………………………………………………………………………. .

People / go on holiday to the moon.

………………………………………………………………………………. .

Will	Shall
We use Will you…? When we ask somebody to do something for us	We use Shall I..? when we offer somebody to do something for them. Shall we..? when we suggest somebody to do something together
(request)	(offer) (suggestion)
E.g. Will you post these letters for me, please?	E.g. Shall I help you with the home task? Shall we dance?

2. Ask questions using the prompts, as in example.

1. The garden is very untidy. (I / cut / the grass)

E.g. Shall I cut the grass?

2. It s a lovely evening, (we / go for / a walk)

………………………………………………………………………………. .

3. I need a hot drink. (I / make / some tea).

………………………………………………………………………………. .

4. Its very quiet in here (I / turn on / the radio).

………………………………………………………………………………. .

5. The Smiths are back, (we / visit / them).

………………………………………………………………………………. .

3. What does will / shall express in each sen­tence? Underline the correct meaning.

1. Tidy your room or I won't let you go to the party. (threat / request).

2. Your daughter will have a very successful career. (warning / prediction).

3. Shall I carry your shopping bags for you? (offer / suggestion.)

4. I'll buy a present for my mother. (on-the-spot decision / prediction).

5. Will you take out the rubbish, please? (suggestion / request).

4. Ask and answer the questions using the prompts below, as in example.

1. have a party on your birthday this year?

E.g. Will you have a party on your birthday this year?....Yes, I will / No, I won’t.

2. go to university when you finish school?

………………………………………………………………………………. .

3. travel abroad if you have enough money?

………………………………………………………………………………. .

4. go out with your friends at the weekend?

………………………………………………………………………………. .

5. watch TV this evening?

………………………………………………………………………………. .

6. study hard for next term's exams?

………………………………………………………………………………. .

7. learn how to drive next summer?

………………………………………………………………………………. .

5. Answer the following questions about yourself using I think / I hope / I expect I’ll… or I’m sure / I’m afraid I’ll.., as in the example.

1. Where will you be at 3 о dock tomorrow afternoon?

E.g. I expect I’ll be at home.

2. Where will you go at this weekend?

………………………………………………………………………………. .

3. Where will you spend your holidays?

………………………………………………………………………………. .

4. What will you do if you fail your exams?

………………………………………………………………………………. .

5. When will you buy your own car?

………………………………………………………………………………. .

6. Who will you ask for help if you are in trouble?

………………………………………………………………………………. .

Rule.

We do not use Future Simple after while, before, until, as soon as, after, if and when in Time clauses.

E.g. I will make a phone call while / when I wait for you.

6. Put the verbs in brackets into the present simple or the future simple.

1. They ………………… (go) to school when they ………………… (be) five years old.

2. I ………………… (call) you before I ………………… (leave) for Paris.

3. He ………………… (write) a letter to her every day while he ………………… (be) at college.

4. We ………………… (do) our homework when we ………………… (get) home.

5. John ………………… (fix) the tap as soon as he ………………… (come) back from work.

6. When ………………… (you / pack) your suitcase?

7. I ………………… (not / do) anything until you ………………… (be) ready.

8. When ………………… (you / phone) me?

9. I promise I ………………… (buy) you a present when I ………………… (return) from my holiday.

10. When she ………………… (pass) her driving test she ………………… (buy) a car.

Be going to do something

Affirmative	Negative	Interrogative
I am going to work You are going to work He is going to work She is going to work It is going to work We are going to work You are going to work They are going to work	I am not going to work You are not going to work He is not going to work She is not going to work It is not going to work We aren’t going to work You aren’t going to work They aren’t going to work	Am I going to work? Are you going to work? Is he going to work? Is she going to work? Is it going to work? Are we writing? Are you going to work? Are they going to work?

Rule

Be going to is used for:

for plans, intentions or ambitions we have for the future. E.g. I'm going to employ more staff, (intention / plan) I'm going to expand my company, (intention / plan).

in predictions when there is evidence that something will happen in the near future. E.g. Look at him. He is going to win the race. (There is evi­dence. - he is ahead of the other runners.)

7. Fill In the gaps with will /shall or correct form of the going to and the verb in brackets.

A: … Shall we go …. (we / go) to the football match on Saturday?

B: I can't I ……………….. (help) my sister

A: Oh yea. She is moving house, isn't she?

B: Thai's right. ……………….. (you / help) us?

A: Yes, I'd like to. What time ……………….. (I / came) to your house? B: I'm not sure yet I ……………….. (probably / phone) you on Friday to tell you. Is that alright?

A: Yes. I think I ……………….. (be) in then.

B: Okay. ……………….. (we / go) for a walk now?

A: I'd rather not. Look at those black clouds.

It ……………….. (rain). Let's stay in and watch a video

B: Great idea.

8. Fill in the gaps with shall, will or the cor­rect form of be going to.

1. A: The shops are closed tomorrow.

B: I … will … buy bread and milk today then

2. A: ……………….. we tell Mr Peck about the accident?

B: That's a good idea. Maybe he can help.

3. A: It's too dark in here to read.

B: Is it? I ……………….. turn on the light.

4. A: Please come and see us.

B: We ……………….. visit you soon, that's a promise.

5. A: ……………….. I wear a jumper or a coat?

B: It’s very cold. Take your coat.

6. A: Can we go out to play, Mum?

B: No. we ……………….. have dinner now.

9. Correct the mistakes.

1. Will I lake the children to the playground for you?

2. I'll call you when I will finish work.

3. Will you to clean the carpet, please?

4. The film is starting at 8 o'clock.

5. Wait here until he will come.

6. The Queen won't not attend the parade tomorrow.

Rule.

The present simple is used with a future meaning when we refer to programmes or timetables (trains, buses, etc.).

E.g. The film starts in ten minutes. (cinema programme)

10 Put the verbs in brackets into the present simple or the future simple.

1. A: I'm going to the gym tonight.

B: Well, while you … are …. (be) there, I……………….. (do) the shopping. 2. A: ……………….. (you / call) me when you ……………….. (get) home?

B: Yes, of course.

3. A: As soon as John ……………….. (come) in tell him to come to my office.

B: Certainly, sir.

4. A: I'm exhausted.

B: Me too. I wonder if David ……………….. (come) to help tonight.

5. A: Are you going to visit Aunt Mabel this afternoon? B: Yes, I ……………….. (visit) her before I ……………….. (do) the shopping.

6. A: Is George going to eat dinner with us?

B: No, by the time he ……………….. (get) home it ……………….. (be) very late.

7. A: When ……………….. (you / pay) the rent?

B: When I ……………….. (get) my pay cheque.

8. A: What are your plans for the future?

B: I want to go to university after I ……………….. (finish) school.

9. A: If you ……………….. (pay) for dinner, I ……………….. (pay) for the theatre.

B: Okay, that’s a good idea.

10. A: Can you give this message to Mike, please?

B: Well, I'll try, but I doubt if I ……………….. (see) him today.

11. Put the verbs in brackets into the future simple, the present pimple or the present continuous.

1. A: I … am seeing … (see) Roger at seven o'clock tonight.

B: Really? I thought he was out of town.

2. A: ……………….. (you / do) anything on Friday morning?

B: No. I'm free.

3. A: I ……………….. (go) to the cinema. There's a new film on. Do you want to come with me?

B: What time ……………….. (the film / start)?

4. A: Helen ……………….. (have) a party the day after tomorrow. ……………….. (you / go)?

B: As a matter of fact I haven't been invited.

5. A: The new exhibition……………….. (open) on April 3rd and ……………….. (finish) on May 31st.

B: I know. I ……………….. (go) on the first day.

6. A: Aunt Maggie ……………….. (come) to visit us tomorrow.

B: I know. What time ……………….. (she / arrive)?

7. A: Excuse me, what time ……………….. (the train / leave)?

B: At half past three, madam.

8. A: Michael Jackson……………….. (give) a concert at the Olympic Stadium next week.

B: I know. I ……………….. (want) to get a ticket.