4.3. Must

Exercise 206. Translate into Russian and comment on the use of the verb must.

1. We must go now.

2. Must you wear those dirty jeans?

3. You mustn’t tell anyone what I said.

4. I promised to be on time. I mustn’t be late.

5. I must write to Ann. I haven’t written to her for ages.

6. You’ve been traveling all day. You must be tired.

7. I hear that your exams are next week. You must be studying very hard at the moment.

8. Carol knows a lot about film. She must go to the cinema a lot.

9. The phone rang but I didn’t hear it. I must have been asleep.

10. I made a lot of noise when I came home. You must have heard me.

11. If A is bigger than B, and B is bigger than C, then A must be bigger than C.

12. Mary must have a problem – she keeps crying.

13. There’s the doorbell. It must be Roger.

14. You must stop smoking.

15. People must realize that the world is in serious trouble.

16. Students must not leave bicycles in front of the library.

17. Passengers must not speak to the driver.

18. So you went to Australia. That must have been nice.

Exercise 207. Choose the correct variant.

1. Alan’s German is very poor. He must (study/ be studying/ have studied) very hard.

2. Peter’s German is very good, he must (study/be studying/have studied) very hard.

3. Kate’s German is considerably improved, she must (study/be studying/have studied) hard during his holiday.

4. Sam must (study/be studying/have been studying) German these two years, his German is rather rich and fluent.

5. Karen must (have taken/be taking/have been taking) a bath at that moment that's why she did not answer your call.

6. Lin must (be/be being/have been) at home now, we saw her leaving the office.

7. Sue must (be/be being/have been) at home, she can't go away because there is no one to look after her sick mother.

8. You must always (think/be thinking/have thought) twice before you say anything.

9. Now he must (think/ be thinking/ have thought) of what she has said.

10. Nice music! Kate must (play/be playing/have been playing) the piano now.

11. Where is Sara? I haven't seen her for a long time. — She must (stay/be staying/have stayed) at her friends'. She wanted to spend July with them.

12. We must (meet/have met/have been meeting) somewhere before.

Exercise 208. Complete these sentences using must or must have to talk about certain suppositions.

Example: “Is he British?” “Yes, he must be British.”

“Did she see you?” “Yes, she must have seen you.”

1. “Are they married?”

2. “Is he serious?”

3. “Were they in a hurry?”

4. “Does Ann know a lot of people?”

5. “Did Tom know about the plan?”

6. “Do they have much money?”

7. “Was he driving carefully?”

8. “Are they waiting for somebody?”

9. “Did Bob oversleep yesterday?”

10. “Did the doorbell ring?”

Exercise 209. Paraphrase the following sentences using the verb must to talk about strong possibility.

Example: I am sure they have changed the time.

They must have changed the time.

1. They are in Greece. I am sure they are enjoying themselves.

2. I feel sure Kris is at home.

3. They have probably finished painting the house.

4. I think you have visited London before.

5. He has to do a very urgent task. I feel sure he is working now.

6. He is so absent-minded. I am sure he left the letter unanswered.

7. You know he is good tennis player. He is no doubt has won this match.

8. It is clear that they are expecting somebody.

9. Mrs. Smith was obviously upset by something; I never saw her so nervous.

10. Peter is probably reading something funny. He is smiling all the time.

Exercise 210. Use the proper infinitive after the verb must.

1. Look! All people in the street are going with their umbrellas up. It must (rain).

2. He has changed his job. He must (follow) your advice.

3. He must (fall) ill. Otherwise he would have come to the party.

4. Where is Michael? He must (be) here by now. — He lives in the country. He must (miss) the train.

5. What a dreadful noise! What is the matter? — Our neighbors must (quarrel) again.

6. Nobody must (notice) that he was not used to speaking in public.

7. The criminal must be very careful. He did not leave any fingerprints.

8. We are late, I am afraid. Ann must (wait) for us.

9. He must (forget) that he promised to come.

10. They must (write) a composition for two hours. They must be (tired).

11. You must (misunderstand) me; I did not want to hurt your feelings.

12. Nobody must (see) him enter. Everybody startled when he came in.

13.I hear someone's steps outside. She must (go).

14. You may him in the garden. He must (read).

15. It is impossible to change anything. One must (take) things as they are.

Exercise 211. Make up situations to show the use of the modal verb must.

1. He must be working.

2. He must have worked.

3. He must have been working.

4. He must have failed to come it time.

5. He must have misunderstood you.

Exercise 212. Translate into English using must.

1. Я должна написать доклад к пятнице.

2. Вы, должно быть, давно знаете мистера Паулинга.

3. Вы должны Кейт помочь.

4. Мы должны выучить эти термины наизусть?

5. Должно быть, интересно побывать в Греции.

6. Мы должны навести Рода.

7. Мне надо перевести всю статью?

8. Вы должны делать все вовремя.

Exercise 213. Translate into English using must..

1. Он, должно быть, слышал об этом.

2. Этот дом, должно быть, построен в начале столетия.

3. Вы не должны прекращать работу, пока вы ее не закончите.

4. У них, вероятно, сейчас урок.

5. Не огорчайся, он, должно быть, сделал это случайно.

6. Он, вероятно, сейчас спит.

7. Я ищу этот дом вот уже полчаса и нигде не могу его найти. Должно быть, она дала мне неправильный адрес.

8. Она, должно быть, не полила сад. Земля очень сухая.

9. Она, должно быть, ждет нас дома.

10. Она должна ждать нас дома.

Exercise 214. Paraphrase the following sentences using must, can, may to express supposition, doubt, astonishment, surprise or incredulity.

1. I do not believe that he is lazy.

2. I doubt that they said that. They are too well-bred.

3. I am sure that the person who telephoned me was Allan.

4. He is probably at the theatre now enjoying Swan Lake.

5. He is sure to have forgotten about his promise to arrive on Thursday.

6. It is impossible that he has failed the exam: he was well-prepared.

7. It is possible that have already arrived.

8. Is it true that he has decided to sell house and go to Spain?

9. I am sure he has a university degree: he is a well-educated man.

10. Probably Ron will enter the University.

11. Is it really true they built their cottage in a month?

12. You must not get upset: everything will probably turn out all right.

13. Perhaps, they have telephoned while you were out.

14. I am perfectly certain that he is speaking on the telephone now: the line is busy.

Exercise 215. Translate into English using the modal verbs must, can, may.

1. Он должен много читать вслух.

2. Он, должен быть, много читает вслух.

3. Не может быть, чтобы он много читал вслух.

4. Вероятно, он ещё не закончил читать эту книгу.

5. Он поспешил уйти. Скорее всего, не захотел, чтобы его заметили.

6. Неужели вашей собаке уже пять лет?

7. Вы должны исполнить только то, что в ваших силах.

8. Вероятно, я тоже буду в Москве на будущей неделе.

9. Наверное, он не пожалеет времени и средств для того, чтобы иметь информацию обо всём.

10. Неужели вы ещё не были в Париже? Вам обязательно нужно там побывать – это удивительный город.