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VIII. Fill in the blanks from the words below. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian:

demand, n.; affection; evolve; reduce; provide (3); acquisition; consumption; consuming; involve; bargain, v. (2); support.

  1. The manager _____ with the farmer for a supply of milk and butter.

  2. The American Constitution was planned, the British Constitution _____.

  3. This young businessman has gained _____ of his colleagues.

  4. A clause in this agreement _____ that the tenant shall bear the coast of all repairs to the building.

  5. Production costs have been _____ by 10 percent.

  6. Mr. Smith will be a valuable _____ to the staff of their company.

  7. The _____ of gas didn’t go down when the tax was raised.

  8. The employee _____ that they shouldn’t have to work on Saturday afternoons.

  9. Have you _____ against an oil shortage next winter?

  10. This is time — _____ work, it would be difficult for you to cope with it alone.

  11. The judge rejected the accusation against the defendant as it was not _____ by proofs.

  12. The company is deeply _____ in debt.

  13. The _____ for fuel this month exceeds the supply.

  14. A modern business enterprise is often a complex system requiring a lot of capital, which is _____ by public when they buy shares in the company.

IX. Synonyms and antonyms. Complete the following table:

Word

Synonym

Antonym

satisfying (Adjective)

efficiency (Noun)

obtain (Verb)

satisfy (Verb)

reduce (Verb)

core (Adjective)

accept (Verb)

occur (Verb)

profit (Noun)

expand (Verb)

agent (Noun)

encourage (Verb)

popular (Adjective)

demand (Noun)

buy (Verb)

emerge (Verb)

manage (Verb)

stable (Adjective)

X. Join the halves.

On the left of the page there are the first halves of sentences. On the right there are second halves of the sentences, though not in the same order. Pair the halves and then write your own list of the completed sentences.

  1. The first objective of market­ing ...

  1. has caused massive restruc­tur­ing of many American industries and businesses, and the trend con­tinues.

  1. Since the organization obvious­ly can’t satisfy all consumer needs, ...

  1. provides important input for designing marketing strategies.

  1. Today American firms are spend­ing millions of dollars in both ad­vertising and court cases ...

  1. to distinguish between phy- sical products and intangible ones

  1. Outstanding marketing companies conduct consumer research, focus groups ...

  1. it must concentrate its efforts on certain needs of a specific group of potential customers.

  1. The intensity of competition in both domestic and global markets ...

  1. is critical to the success of every organization — whe­ther large or small, for-profit or non-profit, domestic or global.

  1. Understanding customer needs, wants and demands in detail ...

  1. their perceptions of the value that various products and ser­vices deliver.

  1. Marketers often use the expres­sions «goods» and «services» ...

  1. is discovering the needs of prospective consumers.

  1. Consumers make buying choices based on ...

  1. to protect their important brand names.

  1. Exchange allows a society ...

  1. the abundance of products that line the store shelves in your nearby shopping mall.

  1. Some people think that only large business organizations operat­ing in highly developed eco­nomies use marketing, but sound marketing ...

  1. the principle of division of la­bor, where each person specia­lizes in producing something, receives payment, and buys ne­eded things with this money.

  1. Modern economies operate on ...

  1. to produce much more than it would with any alternative system.

  1. You see the results of marketing in ...

  1. to learn about and understand their customers’ needs, wants and demands.

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