- •Харків. Вид. Хнеу, 2010
- •Харків. Вид. Хнеу, 2010
- •Introduction
- •Module 1. Basics of market economy Lecture 1. Basic economic terminology
- •1. Terminology
- •Economic resources
- •2. Economic reasoning
- •Choices made at the margin(край)
- •Three basic economic decisions
- •5. Economic forces
- •6. The role of theory in economics
- •Value judgments
- •Microeconomics and macroeconomics
- •8. Economics and other subjects
- •Lecture 2. Economic systems: capitalism, socialism and mixed economy
- •1. Evolving развитие Economic Systems
- •2. Socialism
- •3. Capitalism
- •Figure 2.1. The circular of income and expenditure in a market economy:
- •Specialization and Exchange обмен
- •4. Differences between soviet-style socialism and capitalism
- •Table 2.1 Capitalism’s and soviet-style socialism’s solutions to the three economic problems
- •5. Mixed Economy
- •Government and the Economy
- •Some modern models of mixed economy
- •6. Transition economy
- •Government price setting.
- •Passive macroeconomic policies.
- •7. Other classifications of economic systems
- •Lecture 3. Supply спрос and demand требование
- •1. Markets: purposes and functions
- •2. Demand
- •The Market Demand Curve and the Law of Demand
- •Table 3.1 a demand schedule for grade a eggs
- •Foundation for the law of demand:
- •Figure 3.2. Changes in demand
- •Figure 3.3. Changes in quantity demanded
- •3. Supply
- •The market supply curve and the law of supply
- •Table 3.2 a supply schedule for a eggs
- •4. The marriage of supply and demand (market equilibrium)
- •Lecture 4. Elasticity of supply and demand
- •1. Price elasticity of demand.
- •2. Price elasticity of supply.
- •1. Price elasticity of demand
- •Determinants of price elasticity of demand
- •3. The proportion of income consumers spend on the good.
- •2. Price elasticity of supply
- •Determinants of price elasticity of supply
- •Perfectly inelastic and perfectly elastic supply
- •Module 2. Basics of micro and macroeconomics Lecture 5. Business firm
- •3. Functions of business firms.
- •1. Terminology
- •Scale of production
- •2. Basic types of business enterprise
- •Pros and cons of corporate business
- •Other types of enterprises
- •3. Functions of business firms
- •4. Management
- •Lecture 6. Production, cost and profit
- •3. Variable costs, fixed costs, and total costs.
- •1. Production relationships
- •Period of Production
- •2. The law of diminishing marginal returns
- •Total product curve and marginal product curve
- •Average Product
- •3. Variable costs, fixed costs, and total costs
- •4. Measuring cost and profit
- •5. Normal profit and economic profit
- •Theories of profit
- •Profit as a pay for input
- •Table 7.1 Annual production possibilities for food and clothing
- •3. Law of increasing opportunity cost
- •4. Economic growth: expanding production possibilities
- •Lecture 8: Macroeconomics: economic growth, business cycles, unemployment, and inflation
- •2. Business cycles.
- •4. Inflation.
- •1. Economic growth and living standards
- •Productivity
- •2. Business cycles
- •Leading Indicators
- •3. Unemployment
- •Types of unemployment
- •4. Inflation
- •Types of inflation
- •Relationship between inflation and unemployment
- •Economic interdependence among nations
- •5. Macroeconomic policy
- •Types of macroeconomic policy
- •Lecture 9. Monopoly, oligopoly and competition
- •1. Monopoly
- •How monopoly is maintained: barriers to entry
- •2. Perfect competition
- •3. Monopolistic competition
- •Product differentiation
- •Price discrimination
- •4. Oligopoly
- •Concentration ratios
- •The competitive spectrum
- •1) Cartel.
- •Forming a cartel: directions and difficulties
- •2) Implicit Price Collusion.
- •3) Price war.
- •4) The Contestable Market Model.
- •5) Price leadership.
- •6) Price rigidity: the kinked demand curve model.
- •7) Entry-limit pricing.
- •A Comparison of Various Market Structures
- •Lecture 10. Money, banking and financial sector
- •2. The definition and functions of money.
- •1. Financial sector
- •Institutions and financial markets
- •Financial institutions
- •Types of financial Institutions
- •Financial Markets
- •Differences among Money Market Assets
- •The role of interest rates in the financial sector
- •References
- •Contents
МІНІСТЕРСТВО ОСВІТИ І НАУКИ УКРАЇНИ
ХАРКІВСЬКИЙ НАЦІОНАЛЬНИЙ ЕКОНОМІЧНИЙ УНІВЕРСИТЕТ
Political economics
Summary of Lectures
Харків. Вид. Хнеу, 2010
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE OF UKRAINE
KHARKIV NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS
Political economics
Summary of Lectures
Compiled by T. Blyznyuk
Chief of the department of
Management and Business T. Lepeyko
Харків. Вид. Хнеу, 2010
Затверджено на засіданні кафедри менеджменту та бізнесу.
Протокол №1 від 26.08.2009 р.
Reviewer – Kryvobok V. Y., PhD of Philosophy, Associate Professor of Political economy department of KhNUE.
Summary of lectures of the educational discipline “Political economics” for full-time students specializing in “Management of organizations” / Compiled by T. Blyznyuk. – Kharkiv: Publishing House of KhNUE, 2010. – 83 p. (English)
Запропоновано теоретичний матеріал з навчальної дисципліни “Політична економія”.
Рекомендовано для студентів економічних спеціальностей.
Theoretic material of the educational discipline “Political economics” is given.
It is recommended for students of economic specialities.
Introduction
Human beings, those unfortunate creatures существа, are plagued изведенный with wants. We want, among other things, love, social recognition, and the material necessities and comforts of life. Our efforts to meet our material wants, that is, to improve our well-being or "make a living," are the concern of economics.
Biologically, we need only air, water, food, clothing, and shelter убежище. But, in contemporary society, we also seek the many goods and services associated with a comfortable or affluent standard of living. Fortunately, society is blessed with productive resources – labor рабочая сила and managerial talent, tools and machinery, land and mineral deposits – which are used to produce goods and services. This production satisfies many of our material wants and occurs through the organizational mechanism called the economic system or, more simply, the economy.
The primary purpose of teaching the course “Political economics” is forming the future managers’ thorough economic knowledge; logic of modern economic thought and economic culture; teaching the students the base methods of analysis of economic processes.
The main competences of the discipline are:
cognition of economic theory as a science, its object, methods and functions;
opening the basic maintenance of modern schools of economic theory;
analysis of conformities of development of market economies as bases of different modern economic systems functioning;
description of basic lines and features of development of transitional economies;
opening the conformities соответствия of public reproduction, economy growing and cyclic vibrations in the economy;
analyzing modern processes of globalization of international connections and way of decision of civilization problems of humanity.