Английский

12. Переведите с английского на русский:

1)Some people think that by free education for all one may solve all the problems of society

2)We should find means to provide all qualified sta with jobs.

3)Manual labor ought not be thought dirty or shameful.

4)We must discuss this issue in detail.

5)Every scientist must check the results of his research.

6)The car needs washing.

7)We must do as we are told.

8)The talker should remember that conservation must serve some purpose.

9)We frequently have to use reference books where we can find information we need at the moment.

10)We need not read the textbook from cover to cover.

11)To achieve progress in any subject we must discuss things.

12)It should be borne in mind that some people are afraid of having time to think, so they watch television, because they can think of nothing better to do.

13)When we are introduced to new people we should try to appear friendly.

14)Some parents think that children must be seen, not heard

15)You may wait for him if you like.

16)Might I make a suggestion?

17)What you say might be true. However we want evidence!

18)He looks sad. He must have some problems.

19)This must be the book you want.

20)This must be a mistake. I am not Professor Brown, I am Professor Gray.

21)He shall finish the work he has begun!

22)I see you are having some problems with the text. Shall I help you with it?

23)We have lost all our money. What shall we do now?

24)You shall have an answer by tomorrow.

25)You should observe all these rules!

26)Increased use of electricity may help with the problem of growing transport.

27)It seems clear that we must consider new requirements as soon as we can.

28)Many scientists think that we ought to think about solar energy.

29)The Government should do something to stop inflation.

30)We should reconsider our decision on the matter.

13. Переведите на русский язык:

1)He must have known the answer long before anyone of us.

2)He must be telling lies. Nothing of this kind has happened.

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DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH

Выражения, используемые с глаголами say, tell, ask:

1. Заполните пропуски глаголами say, tell или ask:

1)First the new boss ... good morning.

2)I was so shocked I didn't know what to ...

3)It's not always easy to ... the truth.

4)Can you ... me the way to the police station?

5)Now you can ... questions.

6)I can't ... you the secret. It's not mine.

7)You can't ... for certain what decision they will come to.

8)Can I ... you a favour?

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Примечания:

1.В косвенной речи кавычки убираются.

2.That можно ставить, а можно не ставить в утвердительном предложении.

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3.Если? глагол, вводящий косвенную речь в прошедшей форме, все остальные глагольные формы меняются на формы прошедшего времени тоже. Это правило называется согласованием времен. Однако, формы глагола не меняются, если:

a) глагол говорения? в формах настоящего, будущего или в форме Present Perfect Tense.

б) высказывание выражает общие истины, постоянные явления или события в) если то, что сообщает говорящий, актуально и в момент высказывания

г) если предложение является сложноподчиненным с придаточным времени д) если предложение в прямой речи в сослагательном на-

клонении (Типы 2, 3) или предложение содержит фразу “I/ We/ They wish, she/ he wishes” f) а также глаголы “would, could, used to, mustn’t, should, might, ought to, had better”

4.Past Perfect и Past Continuous не меняются в косвенной речи.

5.Если говорящий говорит о том, что считается правдой, глагольные формы могут изменяться или не меняться. Если говорящий считает цитируемое высказывание неправдоподобным, времена меняются согласно правилу согласования времен.

6.В косвенной речи в вопросах порядок слов ничем не отличается от порядка слов в утвердительном предложении. Вспомогательные глаголы do/does и did в Present Simple и Past Simple в вопросах не используются.

1. Перепишите следующие предложения в прошедшем времени:

1)My uncle says he has just come back from France.

2)He says he has never met them before.

3)She says the situation is getting better.

4)They say the meeting was held in Madrid.

5)The manager says he is going to cut our salaries.

6)Our partners promise they will deliver the goods on time.

7)The reporters say the blue-collar workers have been on strike for three days.

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2. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требующемся времени:

1)I didn't know that you already (to read) this article.

2)She asked me whether I (to remember) the background of the story.

3)She said she (to commit) the crime.

4)The immigration o cials say the number of illegal immigrants (to jump) in the 1990s.

5)The employer said that guest workers (work) twice as hard.

6)The President said that illegal immigrants (to be) a growing presence nationwide.

7)The delegates were told that the speaker just (to go) out and (to be) back in a minute or two.

8)I asked the lecturer whether he (to think) the facts (to be) true.

9)The policeman asked the man where he (to run) so late.

10)He understood that the soldiers (to arrest) him.

3. Выберите подходящее слово:

1)She said she will come/ would come back next year.

2)He said he had gone/ has gone out the previous night.

3)She said she is looking/ would be looking forward to the party the following weekend.

4)We wonder/ wondered what time the lecture started.

5)They realized they had made/ made a huge mistake.

6)I can only help you if you say/tell me the problem.

7)The doctor said/ told: “You'd better stay in bed for two days.”

8)He won't be punished if he says/ tells what happened.

9)He says he works/worked for the company two years ago.

4. Передайте следующие предложения в косвенной речи:

1)“I can explain the situation to you”, said the man.

2)The manager said to his assistant: “We shall discuss the subject tomorrow”.

3)“You have not been performing well lately”, said the boss to me.

4)The poor man said to the rich man: “My horse is wild. It can kill your horse”.

5)The rich man said to the judge: “This man's horse has killed my horse.”

6)“I'm going to Spain next week”, he said.

7)“You can come to me if you have any problems”, she said to us.

8)“Water freezes below 0 degrees C”, he said.

9)“I've applied for several jobs this week”, the man said.

10)“China is a densely populated country”, she said.

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5.Передайте следующие повелительные предложения в косвенной речи:

1)“Explain to me how to solve this problem”, said the spokesman.

2)“Bring me a cup of co ee”, said Mr Bell to his secretary.

3)“Give me your answer tomorrow”, said our business partner to us.

4)“Show me your passport”, said the customs o cer to me.

5)“Come to the o ce at 9.00 tomorrow”, said the manger to her.

6)“Show me your suitcase”, said the customs o cer to the passenger.

7)“Give us a 50% discount”, said the Buyer.

8)“Send your fax as soon as possible”, said the president of the corporation.

9)“Promise you'll sell this equipment at a lower price”, said the manager to us.

10)“Get down to work!” ordered the teacher.

6. Передайте следующие вопросы в косвенной речи:

1)I asked Mr Bell: “Did anybody meet you at the station?”

2)The reporter asked the government o cial: “Why did The Prime-Min- ister have to submit his resignation?”

3)The student asked the professor: “How many countries are the in UN?”

4)The manager asked me: “What can cause the delay in delivery?”

5)The employee asked the manager: “"How do you deal with correspondence in the o ce?”

6)The customer asked the sales man: “Where can I find the footwear section?”

7)The colleague asked me: “What types of reports are used at your job?”

8)The customs o cer asked the passenger:” Do you have anything to declare?”

9)The clerk asked the traveler: “What kind of accommodation do you prefer?”

10)The policeman asked the suspect: “Where were you last night?”

7. Переведите с русского на английский, используя косвенную речь:

1)Мой друг сказал: «Не шуми! Идет экзамен».

2)Менеджер сказал нам: «Я оставил бумаги в конференц-зале. Не могли бы вы принести их мне?»

3)Пассажир сказал: «Это вещи предназначены для моего личного пользования».

4)Газеты сообщают, что вчера вечером в Узбекистан прибыл Министр Обороны США.

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5)В заявлении говорится, что в ходе переговоров особое внимание было уделено правам человека.

6)Ученые считают, что катастрофы можно избежать.

7)Секретарь сообщила: «Совещание было отложено».

8)Представитель прокуратуры считает: «Преступник знал убитого бизнесмена».

9)Представители иммиграционных служб считают, что нелегальными иммигрантами должны заниматься правоохранительные органы.

10)Студенты заявили: «Наши жилищные условия — ужасны».

8. Восстановите прямую речь в следующих предложениях:

1)The policeman ordered the driver to step out of the car.

2)The manager reminded the man that his employment would only be temporary.

3)He promised that he would pay as soon as he could.

4)The customs o cer explained that there was no need for the passenger to fill out a declaration if he had nothing to declare.

5)The professor explained that day-to-day activities place a high value on e ective interpersonal communication.

6)The manager recommended us to seek information that would support our decision.

7)The psychologists warn us that anger is often perceived when the source speaks loudly.

8)The policeman explained to the driver that it was illegal to drive at more than 50 km an hour on that stretch of road.

9)The man claimed that he had seen the accident.

10)He informed me that my request was being reviewed.

GERUND

Сочетает в себе свойства глагола и существительного. Глагольные свойства герундия выражаются в том, что герундий имеет залог и видо-временные характеристики, а также иногда требует дополнения (He risked appearing on TV) и может определяться наречием (Excuse my calling you so late).

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Как и существительное, герундий может:

1)следовать за притяжательным местоимением или существительным (Do you mind my opening the window?)

2)выступать в предложении подлежащим (Smoking is bad for you.)

3)частью сказуемого:

после глаголов “to be, stop, finish, go on, continue, keep on” (His hobby is collecting stamps. He stopped smoking altogether after his last heart attack.)

4)следовать после предлогов (I am not against experimenting at all.)

5)выступать в роли дополнения (He decided to give up doing morning exercises. I can’t get used to being treated like this.)

6)выступать в роли определения (He gave up the idea of becoming an actor.)

7)выступать в роли обстоятельства (всегда с предлогом)

(In doing the work we came across a lot of problems. At hearing her name he turned pale. He proved his arguments by citing several figures.)

FORMS:

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