Конструкция to be going to V

Для выражения намерения совершить действие или уверенности в его совершении в будущем употребляется конструкция to be going to V. На русский язык она переводится «собираться, намереваться что-либо сделать». He is going to spend his vacation in the Crimea. Глагол to be изменяется по лицам и числам (am, is, are): I am going to learn Italian next year. Henry is going to build a cottage house. We are going to get another prize.

Отрицательная форма образуется с помощью частицы not, которая ставится после формы глагола to be: I’m not going to live by my own yet. It isn’t going to snow. They aren’t going to leave their jobs.

В вопросительной структуре формы глагола to be ставятся перед подлежащим, а за ним вся неизменяемая глагольная конструкция going to V: Are you going to swim today? – Yes, I am. / No, I’m not. Where are they going to spend their holidays?

Модели употребления

Конструкция to be going to V употребляется:

1. Для выражения намерения совершить действие в ближайшем будущем: She is going to visit her parents tomorrow.

2. Для выражения запланированного действия: They have moved to their new house and now they are going to have a party.

3. Для выражения большой вероятности или неизбежности совершения действия. На русский язык переводится глаголом будущего времени: Ann is going to have a baby. There are dark clouds in the sky. It is going to rain.

4. Для выражения уверенности в совершении действия в ближайшем будущем: He is going to be appointed manager of this department. (The boss has already decided to do it.)

Grammar Practice

Ex.1. Supply be going to and comment on the use.

1. Look at those dark clouds. It (rain) soon. 2. Where you (spend) your holidays? 3. Victor (visit) his parents next Sunday. 4. Helen nd David (dine out) this evening. 5. Mrs Lee (stay) at the hotel. 6. The weather is changing. It (be) colder. 7. I (have) an appointment with the dentist tomorrow. 8. Robert (invite) you for lunch. 9. Sally and George (get) married next month. 10. They (not, take) the 7.30 train tomorrow. 11. I (not, watch) this film again. 12. Look at the baby! He (eat) that leaf. 13. We (show) you something amazing. 14. He (deal) with us. 15. Mary (have) a baby. 16. The boss (give) her a pay rise. 17. They (play) tennis this afternoon. 18. Has Victor decided on what to do when he leaves school? – Of course. Everything is planned. He (have) a holiday for two weeks and then he (start) a computer programming course. 19. Are you going to the party? What you (wear)? 20. I decided to repaint the walls. What colour you (paint) them? 21. When you (type) my article?

Ex.2. Complete the sentences with be going to and the verbs in brackets.

1. The trip is too dangerous. I (not; make) it. 2. Her friends (take) a tent with them. 3. She (not, get) to a new college now. 4. David (look) for another job. 5. Your grammar is terrible. You (not, write) your test successfully. 6. His driving is awful. He (not, pass) his driving test. 7. The sky looks bright. It (not, rain) soon. 8. You (watch) the film on television tonight? 9. Helen (visit) us next Sunday? 10. We (not, stay) with our relatives. We (find) a hotel. 11. I (meet) Victor’s parents tonight.

Ex.3. Complete the sentences with one of these verbs and use the correct form of be going to.

borrow, be, tell, become, miss, wear, learn, drive, stay, fail, do, reproduce

1. Look at the sun! It … hot today. 2. You aren’t working hard. I think you … the exams. 3. Paul doesn’t like travelling by plane. So he … . 4. What … you … at the party on Saturday? 5. The bus is very slow. I think we … the train. 6. They … some money from the bank. 7. The weather is terrible. We … at home. 8. Who … him the news? 9. The sea air … her good. 10. These women … driving. 11. Mark … an engineer. 12. Scientists … a clone baby.

Ex.4. Ask all possible questions.

1. The students are going to write a grammar test. 2. Jane is going to send a letter to her friend. 3. The Browns are going to spend their summer vacation at the seaside. 4. I am going to tell everything to my parents. 5. Tom is going to be promoted at his department. 6. The weather is going to be nice tomorrow. 7. My friends are going to visit me at the weekend.

Ex.5. Supply Present Progressive or be going to.

1. What are your plans for tonight? – I (watch) my favourite TV programme. 2. You (do) anything special tonight? – I (play) tennis tonight. 3. He (invite) Lucy to his birthday party? – Yes, he has planned to do so. 4. You (go) to the theatre on Saturday evening? – No, my aunt (come) to see us on that day. 5. I (meet) Jack at the bus stop this evening. We (work) over the report this week. 6. I don’t know what Nancy (do) on Sunday morning. But I am sure she (work) in the garden. 7. The Simons (spend) their holidays in the country? – No, they (travel) abroad. 8. Look! It (rain) cats and dogs! 9. Don’t worry the weather is changing. It (be) sunny. 10. Watch out! The stairs (fall) down.

Ex.6. Fill in be going to or shall / will.

1. Have you found your ring yet? – No, but I’m sure I … (find) it when I tidy the room. 2. We’ve run out of bread. – Don’t worry. We … (buy) some on the way home. 3. Does your leg really hurt? – Yes, I … (visit) a surgeon tomorrow. 4. Your car is very dirty. – I know, my father … (wash) it this afternoon. 5. Have you decided where to go for your holiday? – Yes, we … (travel) abroad. 6. What do you want to eat? – I … (have) a hamburger and some chips, please. 7. Are you watching TV tonight? ­– No, I … (not, switch) it on. 8. Shall we go out tonight? – Sorry! I … (eat) at the Italian restaurant with Paul. 9. Do you know what the weather forecast is for tomorrow? – No, but I expect it … (be) warmer than today. 10. Have you heard about Kate? – Yes, she (have) a baby. 11. When did you last speak to Susan? – Oh, weeks ago, but I … (meet) her tonight. 12. Did you buy any apples? – I forgot to, but I … (get) some now if you like. 13. I have lost my keys. – We … (help) you to look for them. 14. Watch out! You (break) the window. 15. Don’t eat so much ice-cream. You … (be) sick. 16. Would you like a drink? – Yes, please. I … (have) a glass of spring water. 17. … you (order) a biscuit with your tea? – No, thank you. I an on a diet. 18. Have you decided what to wear tonight? – Yes, I … (wear) my black velvet dress. 19. John and Betsy are very busy today. They … (give) a party tomorrow. 20. Kate is working hard. She … (take) a test tomorrow.

Ex.7. Translate into English.

1. Я собираюсь изучать японский язык в будущем году. 2. Где вы собираетесь провести выходные? 3. Что Джон собирается покупать у Симпсонов? 4. Они ведь не собираются закрывать свой бизнес, верно? 5. Собираешься ли ты менять работу вскоре? 6. Они не собираются провести всю жизнь в деревне. 7. Смотри, какие темные тучи. Скоро пойдет снег. 8. Анна очень занята сегодня. Она устраивает вечеринку завтра. 9. В комнате жуткий беспорядок! Кто будет убирать комнату? 10. Уверен, что Ник станет хорошим врачом. 11. Где они собираются провести летние каникулы? 12. Я не собираюсь рассказывать ему все подробности. 13. Как ты собираешься зарабатывать на жизнь? 14. Виктор собирается в командировку в США, не так ли?