Ministry of health of ukraine

Kharkiv National Medical University

 

Approved

on the methodical meeting Department of Oncology

Head of Department

MD, Professor VI Starikov

'28"August 2011

 

 

METHODOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT

For teachers with practical lessons

 

Course 5

Faculty of Medicine (specialty "General Medicine", "Pediatrics", "Prophylactic medicine")

Study Subject: Oncology

Module number 1

Content module № 1

Subject: № 2. Cancer of esophagus and stomach

number of training hours -5

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Kharkiv November 2011

I. Background: Stomach cancer is the 2nd place in the structure of PLN at qualitative neoplasms conceding only lung cancer.

Among all human cancers with gastric cancer have 15%, and among the five in the digestive tract gush 50%. High incidence observed in Japan (56.8 x 100 thousand inhabitants), Finland (48.7), Brazil (49.5), Colombia (44.5). Low illnesses at ryuv ness and celebrated in the U.S. (10h100 thousand inhabitants), Canada 13.6, Indonesia 12.8. In Russia - 44.6, Ukraine - 30, Kharkov 29 (2003).

More than 85% of patients with stomach cancer are aged over 40.

If you are under 30 years 100,000 people have 0.5 cases of gastric cancer, in older age groups, the incidence is increasing:

30-39 - 10.7, 40-49 - 47.2, 50-59 - 121.1, 60-69 - 254, 70 and older 311.6 evaporation Dr. Kiv stomach cancer per 100 thousand population.

Every year in the world, recorded 8 million new cases of cancer and over 5.2 million deaths from them. Incidence in Ukraine 4.0, in Harkivs b oblasts - 4.8 per 100 thousand population. In the structure of morbidity in RP h at lovikiv ranks 10th (2.14%), women - 16th place (0.37%). Mortality century and restore 3.7 per 100 thousand people (1998).

No clear etiologic factors have been identified. Known for the role of nutrition, particularly affecting carbohydrate food insufficiency April vitamins in food A, C, high nitrates and herbicides in water, nitrates and amines form conne d absorption HN t rozamynu This carcinogens especially at low pH gastric c e kretsiyi. Smoking tobacco - to 4-fold increases the incidence of gastric cancer. Salty foods - increases the risk of several district and pharynx. Eating fresh fruits and vegetables reduces by 30% chance of developing cancer of the stomach. Contributes to the development of disease insufficiency April of cobalt magnesium excess - zinc, copper in the soil. Also promotes morbidity Mr. ing liquid nutrition from overeating. These factors contribute to a deep restructuring at ve structure of the gastric mucosa with her ​​metaplasia and enterizatsiyeyu.

Starts transpire and the role of genetic factors in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer and stravohydu. One example of this is the uneven rate of a in p and ofthem ethnic groups and identify the family cancer.

It is believed that in some patients (ethnic group) there is a genetic slope b activity (factor). To implement the program requires modifying effect outside w ment.

 

II. Study objective: To raise the level of theoretical and practical knowledge of students on prevention, Pathology, clinics, espe would reflect the characteristics of clinical course, complications, diagnosis, differential diagnostics and modern spetslikuvannya cancer of the stomach and esophagus that future decrees fairer close and distant p f results treatment ..

Know:

Clinical picture of precancer gastric cancer and esophagus.

Classification, clinical manifestations, complications, diagnosis of gastric cancer and the pages and vohodu.

Methods for combined treatment of cancer of the stomach and esophagus.

Be able to:

1. On the basis of complaints, anamnesis, objective research, and to reveal the major syndromes tumors of the stomach, put a preliminary diagnosis.

2. Appoint additional examination methods and evaluate their data

3. Conduct a differential diagnosis between different diseases in NCA grinding, put the final diagnosis.

4. Appoint treatment

5. To carry out rehabilitation and preventive measures

III. Educational objective: to promote the education of students at tech onkol principles of ethics to specific clinical examples.