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Житомирский государственный технологический университет

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[НЕСОРТИРОВАННОЕ]

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Design Patterns by D.pdf

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Design Patterns

with examples in C#

Author D

Паттерны

проектирования

с примерами на языке C#

Автор D

2012

Оглавление
Вступление...................................................................................................................	9
Порождающие шаблоны проектирования ..............................................................	11
Использование .................................................................................................................................................	11
Перечень порождающих шаблонов...............................................................................................................	11
Абстрактная фабрика — Абстрактная фабрика.......................................................................................	13
Цель...................................................................................................................................................................	13
Плюсы................................................................................................................................................................	13
Минусы .............................................................................................................................................................	13
Применимость..................................................................................................................................................	13
Структура ..........................................................................................................................................................	14
Пример реализации.........................................................................................................................................	14
Builder — Строитель.................................................................................................................................	17
Цель...................................................................................................................................................................	17
Плюсы................................................................................................................................................................	17
Применение .....................................................................................................................................................	17
Структура ..........................................................................................................................................................	17
Пример реализации.........................................................................................................................................	18
Factory method — Фабричный метод ......................................................................................................	20
Цель...................................................................................................................................................................	20
Структура ..........................................................................................................................................................	20
Плюсы................................................................................................................................................................	21
Минусы .............................................................................................................................................................	21
Пример реализации.........................................................................................................................................	22
Lazy initialization — Ленивая инициализация..........................................................................................	23
Достоинства......................................................................................................................................................	23
Недостатки........................................................................................................................................................	23
Пример реализации.........................................................................................................................................	23
Object pool — Объектный пул..................................................................................................................	25
Применение .....................................................................................................................................................	25
Переполнение ..................................................................................................................................................	25
Примеры ...........................................................................................................................................................	25
Ловушки ............................................................................................................................................................	25
Пример реализации.........................................................................................................................................	25
	3

Prototype — Прототип .............................................................................................................................	31
Назначение .......................................................................................................................................................	31
Применимость..................................................................................................................................................	31
Структура ..........................................................................................................................................................	31
Пример реализации.........................................................................................................................................	32
Singleton — Одиночка..............................................................................................................................	34
Цель...................................................................................................................................................................	34
Плюсы................................................................................................................................................................	34
Минусы .............................................................................................................................................................	34
Применение .....................................................................................................................................................	34
Структура ..........................................................................................................................................................	34
Пример реализации.........................................................................................................................................	34
Double checked locking - Блокировка с двойной проверкой....................................................................	37
Пример реализации.........................................................................................................................................	37
Структурные шаблоны проектирования ..................................................................	38
Использование .................................................................................................................................................	38
Перечень структурных шаблонов...................................................................................................................	38
Front Controller — Входная точка ............................................................................................................	40
Пример..............................................................................................................................................................	40
Структура ..........................................................................................................................................................	40
Adapter — Адаптер ..................................................................................................................................	41
Задача................................................................................................................................................................	41
Способ решения ...............................................................................................................................................	41
Участники..........................................................................................................................................................	41
Структура ..........................................................................................................................................................	41
Следствия..........................................................................................................................................................	41
Реализация .......................................................................................................................................................	41
Пример реализации.........................................................................................................................................	42
Bridge — Мост..........................................................................................................................................	43
Цель...................................................................................................................................................................	43
Структура ..........................................................................................................................................................	43
Описание...........................................................................................................................................................	43
Использование .................................................................................................................................................	44
Пример реализации.........................................................................................................................................	44
Composite — Компоновщик ....................................................................................................................	47
	4

Цель...................................................................................................................................................................	47
Структура ..........................................................................................................................................................	47
Пример реализации.........................................................................................................................................	47
Decorator — Декоратор ...........................................................................................................................	50
Задача................................................................................................................................................................	50
Способ решения ...............................................................................................................................................	50
Участники..........................................................................................................................................................	50
Следствия..........................................................................................................................................................	50
Реализация .......................................................................................................................................................	50
Замечания и комментарии..............................................................................................................................	50
Применение шаблона .....................................................................................................................................	51
Структура ..........................................................................................................................................................	51
Пример реализации.........................................................................................................................................	52
Facade — Фасад .......................................................................................................................................	54
Структура ..........................................................................................................................................................	54
Проблема..........................................................................................................................................................	54
Решение ............................................................................................................................................................	54
Особенности применения...............................................................................................................................	54
Пример реализации.........................................................................................................................................	55
Flyweight — Приспособленец ..................................................................................................................	57
Цель...................................................................................................................................................................	57
Описание...........................................................................................................................................................	57
Сруктура ............................................................................................................................................................	57
Пример реализации.........................................................................................................................................	57
Proxy — Заместитель ...............................................................................................................................	60
Проблема..........................................................................................................................................................	60
Решение ............................................................................................................................................................	60
Структура ..........................................................................................................................................................	60
Преимущества ..................................................................................................................................................	61
Недостатки........................................................................................................................................................	61
Сфера применения ..........................................................................................................................................	61
Прокси и близкие к нему шаблоны................................................................................................................	61
Пример реализации.........................................................................................................................................	61
Поведенческие шаблоны проектирования..............................................................	64
Использование .................................................................................................................................................	64
	5

Перечень поведенческий шаблонов..............................................................................................................	64
Chain of responsibility — Цепочка обязанностей......................................................................................	65
Применение .....................................................................................................................................................	65
Сруктура ............................................................................................................................................................	65
Пример реализации.........................................................................................................................................	65
Command — Команда..............................................................................................................................	68
Цель...................................................................................................................................................................	68
Описание...........................................................................................................................................................	68
Сруктура ............................................................................................................................................................	68
Пример реализации.........................................................................................................................................	68
Interpreter — Интерпретатор...................................................................................................................	72
Проблема..........................................................................................................................................................	72
Решение ............................................................................................................................................................	72
Преимущества ..................................................................................................................................................	72
Недостатки........................................................................................................................................................	72
Пример..............................................................................................................................................................	72
Структура ..........................................................................................................................................................	72
Пример реализации.........................................................................................................................................	72
Iterator — Итератор .................................................................................................................................	75
Структура ..........................................................................................................................................................	76
Пример реализации.........................................................................................................................................	76
Mediator — Посредник............................................................................................................................	79
Проблема..........................................................................................................................................................	79
Решение ............................................................................................................................................................	79
Преимущества ..................................................................................................................................................	79
Структура ..........................................................................................................................................................	79
Описание...........................................................................................................................................................	79
Пример реализации.........................................................................................................................................	79
Memento — Хранитель............................................................................................................................	82
Применение .....................................................................................................................................................	82
Структура ..........................................................................................................................................................	82
Описание...........................................................................................................................................................	83
Пример реализации.........................................................................................................................................	83
Observer — Наблюдатель ........................................................................................................................	89
Назначение .......................................................................................................................................................	89
	6

Структура ..........................................................................................................................................................	89
Область применения .......................................................................................................................................	89
Пример реализации.........................................................................................................................................	90
State — Состояние ...................................................................................................................................	92
Структура ..........................................................................................................................................................	92
Пример реализации.........................................................................................................................................	92
Strategy — Стратегия................................................................................................................................	99
Задача................................................................................................................................................................	99
Мотивы .............................................................................................................................................................	99
Способ решения ...............................................................................................................................................	99
Участники..........................................................................................................................................................	99
Следствия..........................................................................................................................................................	99
Реализация .......................................................................................................................................................	99
Полезные сведения .......................................................................................................................................	100
Использование ...............................................................................................................................................	100
Сруктура ..........................................................................................................................................................	100
Пример реализации.......................................................................................................................................	100
Template — Шаблонный метод .............................................................................................................	103
Применимость................................................................................................................................................	103
Участники........................................................................................................................................................	103
Сруктура ..........................................................................................................................................................	103
Пример реализации.......................................................................................................................................	104
Visitor — Посетитель..............................................................................................................................	106
Структура ........................................................................................................................................................	106
Описание средствами псевдокода...............................................................................................................	106
Проблема........................................................................................................................................................	107
Решение ..........................................................................................................................................................	107
Рекомендации................................................................................................................................................	107
Преимущества ................................................................................................................................................	107
Недостатки......................................................................................................................................................	108
Пример реализации.......................................................................................................................................	108
Null Object (Null object) ..........................................................................................................................	115
Мотивация ......................................................................................................................................................	115
Описание.........................................................................................................................................................	115
Структура ........................................................................................................................................................	115
	7

Реализация .....................................................................................................................................................	116
Пример............................................................................................................................................................	116
Связь с другими патернами ..........................................................................................................................	116
Критика и комментарии ................................................................................................................................	117
Пример реализации.......................................................................................................................................	117
Слуга (Servant) .......................................................................................................................................	118
Описание.........................................................................................................................................................	118
Структура ........................................................................................................................................................	118
Реализаци .......................................................................................................................................................	119
Пример реализации.......................................................................................................................................	119
Specification (Specification).....................................................................................................................	121
Структура ........................................................................................................................................................	121
Пример реализации.......................................................................................................................................	121
Пример использования .................................................................................................................................	122
Simple Policy...........................................................................................................................................	124
Обзор...............................................................................................................................................................	124
Простыми словами ........................................................................................................................................	125
Сруктура ..........................................................................................................................................................	126
Пример реализации.......................................................................................................................................	128
Single-serving visitor ...............................................................................................................................	138
Применение ...................................................................................................................................................	138
Пример использования .................................................................................................................................	138
Плюси ..............................................................................................................................................................	138
Минусы ...........................................................................................................................................................	138
Пример реализации.......................................................................................................................................	138
Об авторе.................................................................................................................	140

Вступление

Представляю вам мануал по паттернам проектирования с примерами на языке C#. Основной материал взят c Википедии http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Design_Patterns .

Целью создания данного мануала послужила потребность в кратком справочнике с ясными примерами на языке C# основных паттернов проектирования.

Связаться со мной можно на моём вебсайте http://go-d.org или по мейлу mail.go.d.org@gmail.com .

Если вам понравился мануал, и вы хотите отблагодарить, просто отправьте https://w.qiwi.com яйцо мне на емейл.

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