Технология панорамной фотографии

ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȈ Ȋ ȗȘȖȌȖȓȤȕȖȔ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȓȍȕȐȐ, ȚȖ ȏȌȍșȤ șȐȚțȈȞȐȧ șȓȖȎȕȍȍ. ǵȍȖȉȝȖȌȐȔȖ ȏȈȒȘȍȗȐȚȤ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚ ȚȈȒȐȔ ȖȉȘȈȏȖȔ, ȟȚȖȉȣ ȖșȤ ȍȋȖ ȊȘȈȡȍȕȐȧ ȕȈ ȠȚȈȚȐȊȍ ȗȘȖȝȖȌȐȓȈ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȚȈȒ ȕȈȏȣȊȈȍȔțȦ ȕȖȌȈȓȤȕțȦ ȚȖȟȒț, ȚȖ ȍșȚȤ ȚȖȟȒț, ȘȈșȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȕțȦ, ȒȈȒ ȗȘȈȊȐȓȖ, ȔȍȎȌț ȗȓȖșȒȖșȚȤȦ ȗȓȍȕȒȐ (ȐȓȐ șȍȕșȖȘȈ) Ȑ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȖȔ, Ȋ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȑ ȗȍȘȍșȍȒȈȦȚșȧ ȖȗȚȐȟȍșȒȐȍ ȓțȟȐ. (ǵȈ șȈȔȖȔ Ȍȍȓȍ ȚȈȒȐȝ ȚȖȟȍȒ 2 - ȗȍȘȍȌȕȧȧ Ȑ ȏȈȌȕȧȧ. ǵȈș ȐȕȚȍȘȍșțȍȚ ȓȐȠȤ ȏȈȌȕȧȧ ȚȖȟȒȈ. ǵȖ Ȕȣ ȕȍ ȉțȌȍȔ ȏȌȍșȤ țȋȓțȉȓȧȚȤșȧ Ȋ ȚȍȖȘȐȦ, Ȉ ȗȖȌȖȑȌȍȔ ș ȘȍȠȍȕȐȦ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȊȖȗȘȖșȈ ȥȔȗȐȘȐȟȍșȒȐ.) ǵȍșȖȊȗȈȌȍȕȐȍ ȕȖȌȈȓȤȕȖȑ ȚȖȟȒȐ Ȑ ȖșȐ ȊȘȈȡȍȕȐȧ ȜȖȚȖȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȈ ȟȘȍȊȈȚȖ ȗȖȧȊȓȍȕȐȍȔ ȚȈȒ ȕȈȏȣȊȈȍȔȖȑ ȗȈȘȈȓȓȈȒȚȐȟȍșȒȖȑ ȖȠȐȉȒȐ ȐȓȐ ȗȈȘȈȓȓȈȒșȈ. ǵȈ ȘȐșțȕȒȍ ȕȐȎȍ ȐȏȖȉȘȈȎȍȕȣ 2 șȕȐȔȒȈ, șȌȍȓȈȕȕȣȍ ș ȕȍȉȖȓȤȠȐȔ țȋȓȖȔ ȗȖȊȖȘȖȚȈ ȌȘțȋ ȖȚȕȖșȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȌȘțȋȈ Ȑ șȖȌȍȘȎȈȡȐȍ ȧȊȕȣȍ ȗȈȘȈȓȓȈȒȚȐȟȍșȒȐȍ ȗȖȋȘȍȠȕȖșȚȐ: ȜȖȕȈȘȤ ȕȈ ȗȍȘȍȌȕȍȔ ȗȓȈȕȍ șȔȍȡȍȕ ȖȚȕȖșȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȌȍȘȍȊȤȍȊ ȕȈ ȏȈȌȕȍȔ ȗȓȈȕȍ (ȏȈȔȍȚȐȔ, ȖȌȕȈȒȖ, ȟȚȖ ȗȈȘȈȓȓȈȒș Ȍȓȧ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȖȊ șȘȍȌȕȍȋȖ Ȑ ȏȈȌȕȍȋȖ ȗȓȈȕȈ țȎȍ ȗȘȈȒȚȐȟȍșȒȐ ȕȍ ȏȈȔȍȚȍȕ).

Ǫ ǰȕȚȍȘȕȍȚȍ ȔȖȎȕȖ ȕȈȑȚȐ ȚȈȉȓȐȞȣ ș ȘȈșșȚȖȧȕȐȧȔȐ ȕȖȌȈȓȤȕȣȝ ȚȖȟȍȒ ȖȚ ȜȖȒȈȓȤȕȣȝ ȗȓȖșȒȖșȚȍȑ Ȍȓȧ ȘȈȏȓȐȟȕȣȝ (Ȋ ȖșȕȖȊȕȖȔ ȞȐȜȘȖȊȣȝ) ȜȖȚȖȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȖȊ. ǶȌȕȈȒȖ ȖȗȘȍȌȍȓȐȚȤ ȚȈȒȖȍ ȘȈșșȚȖȧȕȐȍ, Ȉ ȚȖȟȕȍȍ ȚȈȒȖȍ ȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȍ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȈ Ȋ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȕȖȑ ȋȖȓȖȊȒȍ, ȔȖȎȕȖ Ȑ șȈȔȖȔț. Ǭȓȧ ȏȍȘȒȈȓȤȕȣȝ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȖȊ ȥȚȖ ȖșțȡȍșȚȊȓȧȍȚșȧ ȌȖșȚȈȚȖȟȕȖ ȗȘȖșȚȖ ȗțȚȍȔ ȕȈȉȓȦȌȍȕȐȧ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȊȐȌȖȐșȒȈȚȍȓȤ ș ȖȌȕȖȊȘȍȔȍȕȕȣȔ ȗȖȊȖȘȖȚȖȔ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȈ Ȑ ȗȘȖȉȕȣȔ ȍȋȖ șȔȍȡȍȕȐȍȔ Ȋ ȗȘȖȌȖȓȤȕȖȔ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȓȍȕȐȐ Ȋ ȗȘȍȌȍȓȈȝ, ȌȖȗțșȒȈȍȔȣȝ ȒȖȕșȚȘțȒȞȐȍȑ ȋȖȓȖȊȒȐ. Ǭȓȧ ȞȐȜȘȖȊȣȝ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȖȊ ȌȍȓȈȍȚșȧ șȍȘȐȧ ȗȘȖȉȕȣȝ șȕȐȔȒȖȊ ș ȗȖșȓȍȌțȡȐȔ ȚȡȈȚȍȓȤȕȣȔ ȐȏțȟȍȕȐȍȔ Ȑȝ ȕȈ ȥȒȘȈȕȍ ȒȖȔȗȤȦȚȍȘȈ (ȥȚȖȚ șȗȖșȖȉ ȚȈȒȎȍ ȗȘȐȔȍȕȐȔ Ȑ Ȍȓȧ ȗȓȍȕȖȟȕȣȝ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȖȊ, ȕȖ ș ȉȖȓȤȠȍȑ ȚȘțȌȖȍȔȒȖșȚȤȦ Ȑ ȕȍȒȖȚȖȘȣȔȐ ȏȈȚȘȈȚȈȔȐ ȕȈ ȗȓȍȕȒț, ȍȍ ȗȘȖȧȊȒț Ȑ șȒȈȕȐȘȖȊȈȕȐȍ). ǪȈȎȕȣȔ ȏȈȔȍȟȈȕȐȍȔ ȗȖ ȗȖȊȖȌț ȗȈȘȈȓȓȈȒȚȐȟȍșȒȐȝ ȖȠȐȉȖȒ ȧȊȓȧȍȚșȧ ȚȖ, ȟȚȖ Ȑȝ ȕȍȊȖȏȔȖȎȕȖ țșȚȘȈȕȐȚȤ ȐȓȐ ȌȈȎȍ șȒȖȔȗȍȕșȐȘȖȊȈȚȤ ȒȈȒȐȔȐ-ȓȐȉȖ ȔȈȕȐȗțȓȧȞȐȧȔȐ ș ȋȖȚȖȊȣȔȐ ȐȏȖȉȘȈȎȍȕȐȧȔȐ. ǰȝ ȗȖȓȕȖȍ țșȚȘȈȕȍȕȐȍ ȊȖȏȔȖȎȕȖ ȗȘȐ ȐșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȕȐȐ șȗȍȞȐȈȓȐȏȐȘȖȊȈȕȕȣȝ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȕȣȝ ȋȖȓȖȊȖȒ (ȘȈȔȖȒ), ȊȣȗțșȒȈȍȔȣȝ Ȍȓȧ ȒȖȕȒȘȍȚȕȣȝ ȜȖȚȖȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȖȊ Ȑ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȖȊ (șȔ. șȓȍȌțȦȡțȦ șȚȈȚȤȦ). ǵȈ șȠȐȚȖȑ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȍ ȚȈȒȖȋȖ ȘȖȌȈ ȗȈȘȈȓȓȈȒȚȐȟȍșȒȐȍ ȗȖȋȘȍȠȕȖșȚȐ ȗȘȖȧȊȓȧȦȚșȧ Ȋ ȊȐȌȍ Ȋșȍ Țȍȝ Ȏȍ ȘȈȏȘȣȊȖȊ Ȋ ȒȖȕȚțȘȈȝ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȖȊ ȐȓȐ, ȒȈȒ ȥȚȖ ȊȐȌȕȖ ȕȈ ȜȖȚȖȋȘȈȜȐȐ ȕȐȎȍ, ȌȊȖȑȕȣȝ ȐȏȖȉȘȈȎȍȕȐȑ.

ǶȌȕȈȒȖ, Ȋ ȞȍȓȖȔ ȘȧȌȍ șȓțȟȈȍ (ȌȈȎȍ Ȋ ȚȈȒȖȔ, ȒȈ ȗȖȒȈȏȈȕȖ ȕȈ ȒȈȘȚȐȕȒȍ ȊȣȠȍ) ȗȖȋȘȍȠȕȖșȚȐ ȚȈȒȖȋȖ ȘȖȌȈ ȔȖȎȕȖ 'ȏȈȔȈșȒȐȘȖȊȈȚȤ' ȗțȚȍȔ 'ȊȣȘȍȏȈȕȐȧ' ȗȖȌȝȖȌȧȡȐȝ ȜȘȈȋȔȍȕȚȖȊ Ȑȏ ȐșȝȖȌȕȣȝ șȕȐȔȒȖȊ Ȑ 'ȗȖȌȒȓȍȐȊȈȕȐȧ' Ȑȝ Ȓ șȖȖȚȊȍșȚȊțȦȡȐȔ țȟȈșȚȒȈȔ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȣ.

ǷȘȐ ȜȖȚȖȋȘȈȜȐȘȖȊȈȕȐȐ ȓȈȕȌȠȈȜȚȈ, ȕȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȔ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȣ ȗȍȘȍȌȕȍȋȖ ȗȓȈȕȈ (ȌȍȘȍȊȤȧ Ȑ Ț.ȗ.) ȖȚșțȚșȚȊțȦȚ, Ȗ ȗȈȘȈȓȓȈȒȚȐȟȍșȒȐȝ ȗȖȋȘȍȠȕȖșȚȧȝ ȔȖȎȕȖ ȊȖȖȉȡȍ ȕȍ ȉȍșȗȖȒȖȐȚȤșȧ. ǷȘȖȉȓȍȔȖȑ ȥȚȖ șȚȈȕȖȊȐȚșȧ ȗȘȐ șȢȍȔȒȈȝ Ȋ țȏȒȐȝ ȋȖȘȖȌșȒȐȝ țȓȐȞȈȝ, ȗȖȔȍȡȍȕȐȧȝ Ȑ Ț.ȗ.

Dz ȕȍȚȖȟȕȖșȚȧȔ țȋȓȖȊȖȋȖ ȗȖȏȐȞȐȖȕȐȘȖȊȈȕȐȧ ȖȚȕȖșȧȚșȧ ȕȈȒȓȖȕȣ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȈ Ȋ ȊȍȘȚȐȒȈȓȤȕȖȑ ȗȓȖșȒȖșȚȐ, ȗȘȖȝȖȌȧȡȍȑ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȖȗȚȐȟȍșȒțȦ ȖșȤ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȈ (ȚȈȕȋȈȎ, ȍșȓȐ ȊȖșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȚȤșȧ ȈȊȐȈȞȐȖȕȕȖȑ ȚȍȘȔȐȕȖȓȖȋȐȑ), Ȑ ȗȖȊȖȘȖȚȣ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȈ ȊȖȒȘțȋ ȥȚȖȑ ȖșȐ (ȒȘȍȕ). Ǵȣ ȌțȔȈȍȔ, ȟȚȖ ȖșȖȉȖȑ ȕȍȖȉȝȖȌȐȔȖșȚȐ Ȋ ȐȓȓȦșȚȘȐȘȖȊȈȕȐȐ ȏȌȍșȤ ȚȈȒȐȝ ȗȖȋȘȍȠȕȖșȚȍȑ ȕȍȚ. DzȈȎȌȣȑ, ȒȚȖ ȒȖȋȌȈ-ȓȐȉȖ ȜȖȚȖȋȘȈȜȐȘȖȊȈȓ Ȋ ȋȖȘȖȌȍ Ȑ ȗȣȚȈȓșȧ ȗȘȐ ȥȚȖȔ 'ȊȚȐșȕțȚȤ' ȊȣșȖȒȖȍ ȏȌȈȕȐȍ Ȋ ȒȈȌȘ ȗțȚȍȔ ȗȖȌȢȍȔȈ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȈ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȈ ȊȊȍȘȝ, ȏȕȈȍȚ ȒȈȒ ȔȖȋțȚ ȊȣȋȓȧȌȍȚȤ ȚȈȒȐȍ șȕȐȔȒȐ -

șȝȖȌȧȡȐȍșȧ Ȓ ȕȍȉț ȊȍȘȚȐȒȈȓȤȕȣȍ ȓȐȕȐȐ ȏȌȈȕȐȑ. ǷȘȐȟȍȔ, ȟȍȔ ȒȖȘȖȟȍ ȜȖȒțșȕȖȍ ȘȈșșȚȖȧȕȐȍ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȈ, ȚȍȔ Ȋ ȉȖȓȤȠȍȑ șȚȍȗȍȕȐ ȗȘȖȧȊȓȧȍȚșȧ ȥȚȖȚ ȥȜȜȍȒȚ. ǺȈȒȐȔ ȖȉȘȈȏȖȔ ȗȖȋȘȍȠȕȖșȚȐ Ȋ țȋȓȖȊȖȔ ȗȖȏȐȞȐȖȕȐȘȖȊȈȕȐȐ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȈ ȔȖȋțȚ ȗȘȐȊȍșȚȐ Ȓ ȗȖȚȍȘȍ ȗȈȘȈȓȓȍȓȤȕȖșȚȐ ȊȍȘȚȐȒȈȓȤȕȣȝ ȓȐȕȐȑ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȖȊ ȐȏȖȉȘȈȎȍȕȐȧ. Ǫ ȏȈȊȐșȐȔȖșȚȐ ȖȚ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȓȍȕȐȧ ȕȈȒȓȖȕȈ (ȊȊȍȘȝ ȐȓȐ ȊȕȐȏ) ȥȚȐ ȓȐȕȐȐ ȔȖȋțȚ șȝȖȌȐȚȤșȧ ȊȊȍȘȝț ȐȓȐ ȊȕȐȏț. ǸȍȏțȓȤȚȈȚ - Ȋșȍ Țȍ Ȏȍ ȘȈȏȘȣȊȣ, ȜȈȕȚȖȔȣ Ȑ Ț.ȗ. ȕȈ șȠȐȚȣȝ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȈȝ. ǵȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȐȕȖȑ ȘȍȏțȓȤȚȈȚ ȔȖȎȍȚ ȗȖȓțȟȐȚȤșȧ ȗȘȐ 'ȒȘȍȕȈȝ' ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȈ. ǷȘȖȋȘȈȔȔȈ șȠȐȊȈȕȐȧ ȔȖȎȍȚ șȗȘȈȊȐȚȤșȧ ș ȚȈȒȖȑ ȗȖȋȘȍȠȕȖșȚȤȦ ȕȈ ȐșȝȖȌȕȣȝ șȕȐȔȒȈȝ. ǶȌȕȈȒȖ ȗȓȈȚȖȑ ȏȈ ȥȚȖ ȉțȌțȚ ȕȈȒȓȖȕȣ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȖȊ ȐȏȖȉȘȈȎȍȕȐȧ, șȖȊȗȈȌȈȦȡȐȍ ș ȕȈȗȘȈȊȓȍȕȐȍȔ ȕȈȒȓȖȕȈ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȈ, Ȑ ȒȈȒ ȗȘȈȊȐȓȖ, ȉȖȓȍȍ țȏȒȖȍ ȗȖȓȍ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȣ ȗȖ ȊȍȘȚȐȒȈȓȐ. ǻșȚȘȈȕȧȦȚșȧ ȚȈȒȐȍ ȗȖȋȘȍȠȕȖșȚȐ ȚȡȈȚȍȓȤȕȣȔ ȊȣȘȈȊȕȐȊȈȕȐȍȔ ȜȖȚȖȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȈ (ȗȘȍȌȗȖȟȚȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ ș ȐșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȕȐȍȔ ȎȐȌȒȖșȚȕȣȝ țȘȖȊȕȍȑ, țșȚȈȕȈȊȓȐȊȈȍȔȣȝ ȒȈȒ ȕȈ ȠȚȈȚȐȊ, ȚȈȒ Ȑ ȕȍȗȖșȘȍȌșȚȊȍȕȕȖ ȕȈ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚ). ǶȗȣȚ, ȖȌȕȈȒȖ, ȗȖȒȈȏȣȊȈȍȚ, ȟȚȖ ȌȈȎȍ ȍșȓȐ Ȋȣ ȖșȕȈȡȍȕȣ ȊșȍȔȐ ȥȚȐȔȐ șȘȍȌșȚȊȈȔȐ, ȊȣȘȈȊȕȐȊȈȕȐȍ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȈ ȖșțȡȍșȚȊȓȧȍȚșȧ ȕȍ ȊșȍȋȌȈ ȗȘȖșȚȖ Ȑ ȗȖȓȕȖșȚȤȦ. Ǫ ȖșȖȉȍȕȕȖșȚȐ ȥȚȖ ȒȈșȈȍȚșȧ șȓțȟȈȍȊ, ȒȖȋȌȈ ȠȚȈȚȐȊ țșȚȈȕȈȊȓȐȊȈȍȚșȧ ȕȈ ȕȈȒȓȖȕȕȖȑ ȗȓȖșȒȖșȚȐ ȗȘȐ ȓȈȕȌȠȈȜȚȕȖȑ șȢȍȔȒȍ. ǷȖȥȚȖȔț Ȑ ȏȌȍșȤ ȊȈȔ ȔȖȎȍȚ ȗȖȕȈȌȖȉȐȚȤșȧ

ȗȘȍȌȊȈȘȐȚȍȓȤȕȈȧ ȖȉȘȈȉȖȚȒȈ ȐșȝȖȌȕȣȝ șȕȐȔȒȖȊ ȕȈ ȒȖȔȗȤȦȚȍȘȍ ș ȐșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȕȐȍȔ șȖȖȚȊȍȚșȚȊțȦȡȐȝ ȜțȕȒȞȐȑ ȊȈȠȍȋȖ ȋȘȈȜȐȟȍșȒȖȋȖ ȘȍȌȈȒȚȖȘȈ (Ȋ Photoshop'ȍ ȥȚȖ ȒȖȔȈȕȌȣ

Rotate, Skew, Perspective ȐȕșȚȘțȔȍȕȚȈ Transform).

ǷȘȐ ȊȣȗȖȓȕȍȕȐȐ ȒȘțȋȖȊȖȑ ȜȖȚȖșȢȍȔȒȐ ș ȗȖȓțȟȍȕȐȍȔ ȐȏȖȉȘȈȎȍȕȐȑ Ȍȓȧ ȗȖșȓȍȌțȦȡȍȋȖ ȗȖșȚȘȖȍȕȐȧ șȖșȚȈȊȕȖȑ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȣ ȊȍșȤȔȈ ȟȈșȚȖ șȚȈȓȒȐȊȈȍȠȤșȧ ș șȐȚțȈȞȐȍȑ, ȒȖȋȌȈ ȌȐȈȗȈȏȖȕ ȥȒșȗȖȏȐȞȐȑ ȗȘȐ ȘȈȏȓȐȟȕȣȝ ȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȧȝ ȒȈȔȍȘȣ ȔȖȎȍȚ ȌȖșȚȐȋȈȚȤ 4-6 ȥȒșȗȖȏȐȞȐȖȕȕȣȝ ȍȌȐȕȐȞ. ǶșȖȉȍȕȕȖ ȥȚȖ ȗȘȖȧȊȓȧȍȚșȧ Ȋ ȧȘȒțȦ șȖȓȕȍȟȕțȦ ȗȖȋȖȌț ȗȘȐ ȕȍȊȣșȖȒȖȔ ȘȈșȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȐ șȖȓȕȞȈ Ȑ ȕȈȓȐȟȐȐ Ȋ ȗȖȓȍ șȢȍȔȒȐ ȒȈȒ ȖșȊȍȡȍȕȕȣȝ ȗȘȍȌȔȍȚȖȊ, ȚȈȒ Ȑ ȗȘȍȌȔȍȚȖȊ, ȘȈșȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȕȣȝ Ȋ ȋȓțȉȖȒȖȑ ȚȍȕȐ, Ȉ ȚȈȒȎȍ ȗȘȐ șȢȍȔȒȍ Ȋ ȗȖȔȍȡȍȕȐȧȝ ș ȖȒȕȈȔȐ, ȟȍȘȍȏ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȗȘȖȕȐȒȈȍȚ ȌȕȍȊȕȖȑ șȊȍȚ. Ǫ ȚȈȒȐȝ șȓțȟȈȧȝ ȊȈȎȕȖ țȌȍȘȎȈȚȤ șȍȉȧ ȖȚ ȐșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȕȐȧ ȈȊȚȖȔȈȚȐȟȍșȒȖȋȖ ȏȈȔȍȘȈ ȥȒșȗȖȏȐȞȐȐ Ȍȓȧ ȒȈȎȌȖȋȖ ȒȈȌȘȈ. Ǫ ȗȘȖȚȐȊȕȖȔ șȓțȟȈȍ ȕȈ șȠȐȚȖȑ ȊȗȖșȓȍȌșȚȊȐȐ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȍ ȔȖȋțȚ ȗȖȧȊȐȚȤșȧ șȔȍȎȕȣȍ șȍȒȚȖȘȣ ȐȏȖȉȘȈȎȍȕȐȧ, șțȡȍșȚȊȍȕȕȖ ȖȚȓȐȟȈȦȡȐȍșȧ ȌȘțȋ ȖȚ ȌȘțȋȈ ȗȖ șȊȍȚȖȊȖȑ ȚȖȕȈȓȤȕȖșȚȐ. Ƕȉȡȍȑ ȘȍȒȖȔȍȕȌȈȞȐȍȑ ȏȌȍșȤ ȧȊȓȧȍȚșȧ șȢȍȔȒȈ Ȋ ȘțȟȕȖȔ ȘȍȎȐȔȍ ș ȕȍȐȏȔȍȕȕȣȔȐ ȏȕȈȟȍȕȐȧȔȐ

ȌȐȈȜȘȈȋȔȣ Ȑ ȊȣȌȍȘȎȒȐ, ȗȖȓțȟȍȕȕȣȔȐ Ȋ ȘȍȏțȓȤȚȈȚȍ ȖșȘȍȌȕȍȕȐȧ ȏȕȈȟȍȕȐȑ ȥȒșȗȖȏȐȞȐȖȕȕȣȝ ȟȐșȍȓ Ȍȓȧ Ȋșȍȝ ȒȈȌȘȖȊ. ǹȒȈȏȈȕȕȖȍ, ȖȌȕȈȒȖ, ȕȍ șȓȍȌțȍȚ ȊȖșȗȘȐȕȐȔȈȚȤ ȒȈȒ ȌȖȋȔț. ǷȘȐ șȢȍȔȒȍ ș ȐșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȕȐȍȔ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȖȊ ș ȜȖȒțșȕȣȔ ȘȈșșȚȖȧȕȐȍȔ 28-35 ȔȔ, ȟȚȖ ȗȖȚȘȍȉțȍȚ ȖȚ ȊȈș ȗȖȓțȟȍȕȐȍ 14-16 ȒȈȌȘȖȊ Ȋ ȗȖȘȚȘȍȚȕȖȔ ȘȍȎȐȔȍ, ȌȖȗțșȚȐȔȈ ȗȖșȚȍȗȍȕȕȈȧ ȥȒșȗȖȒȖȘȘȍȒȞȐȧ ȖȚ șȈȔȣȝ ȚȍȔȕȣȝ ȌȖ șȈȔȣȝ șȊȍȚȓȣȝ țȟȈșȚȒȖȊ ȗȖȓȧ șȢȍȔȒȐ, ȕȖ ȕȍ ȗȘȍȊȣȠȈȦȡȈȧ 1 ȥȒșȗȖȏȐȞȐȖȕȕȖȋȖ ȟȐșȓȈ ȗȘȐ ȗȍȘȍȝȖȌȍ ȖȚ ȖȌȕȖȋȖ ȒȈȌȘȈ Ȓ ȌȘțȋȖȔț. Ƕȉ ȖșȚȈȓȤȕȖȔ, Ȋ ȗȘȐȕȞȐȗȍ, ȌȖȓȎȕȈ ȗȖȏȈȉȖȚȐȚȤșȧ ȐșȗȖȓȤȏțȍȔȈȧ ȊȈȔȐ ȗȘȖȋȘȈȔȔȈ șȠȐȊȈȕȐȧ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȣ. ǷȘȈȒȚȐȟȍșȒȐ Ȋșȍ ȚȈȒȐȍ ȗȘȖȋȘȈȔȔȣ ȐȔȍȦȚ șȘȍȌșȚȊȈ ȊȣȘȈȊȕȐȊȈȕȐȧ ȘȈȏȓȐȟȐȑ ȚȖȕȈȓȤȕȖșȚȍȑ șȔȍȎȕȣȝ ȐȏȖȉȘȈȎȍȕȐȑ (ȘȈȉȖȚȈȦȡȐȝ, ȖȌȕȈȒȖ, ȕȍ ȊșȍȋȌȈ ȌȖșȚȈȚȖȟȕȖ ȥȜȜȍȒȚȐȊȕȖ). ǭșȓȐ Ȏȍ Ȋȣ șȖșȚȈȊȓȧȍȚȍ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔț Ȑȏ Ȕȍȕȍȍ ȟȍȔ 8-ȔȐ șȕȐȔȒȖȊ (ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊ ș ȜȖȒțșȕȣȔ ȘȈșșȚȖȧȕȐȍȔ 20 ȔȔ Ȑ Ȕȍȕȍȍ), ȐșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȕȐȍ ȥȒșȗȖȒȖȘȘȍȒȞȐȐ ȔȖȎȍȚ șȚȈȚȤ ȗȘȖȉȓȍȔȈȚȐȟȕȣȔ.

Ǫșȍ șȒȈȏȈȕȖȍ ȊȣȠȍ Ȋ ȘȈȊȕȖȑ șȚȍȗȍȕȐ ȖȚȕȖșȐȚșȧ Ȑ Ȓ ȘȍȋțȓȐȘȖȊȒȍ ȉȈȓȈȕșȈ ȉȍȓȖȋȖ Ȋ ȞȐȜȘȖȊȣȝ ȜȖȚȖȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȈȝ: ȏȌȍșȤ ȚȈȒȎȍ ȕȍ ȘȍȒȖȔȍȕȌțȍȚșȧ ȐșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȕȐȍ ȒȈȒȐȝ-ȓȐȉȖ ȈȊȚȖȔȈȚȐȟȍșȒȐȝ ȘȍȎȐȔȖȊ.

ǪȓȈȌȍȓȤȞȍȊ ȗȓȍȕȖȟȕȣȝ ȜȖȚȖȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȖȊ ȗȖȌșȚȍȘȍȋȈȍȚ ȍȡȍ ȖȌȐȕ ȐșȚȖȟȕȐȒ ȚȖȕȈȓȤȕȣȝ Ȑ ȞȊȍȚȖȊȣȝ ȐșȒȈȎȍȕȐȑ, ȈȕȈȓȖȋȐȟȕȣȝ ȗȖȋȘȍȠȕȖșȚȧȔ ȥȒșȗȖȕȐȘȖȊȈȕȐȧ. ȅȚȖ șȒȈȕȍȘ Ȑ ȍȋȖ ȗȘȖȋȘȈȔȔȕȖȍ ȖȉȍșȗȍȟȍȕȐȍ. ǪșȍȔ, ȒȚȖ ȏȈȕȐȔȈȍȚșȧ 'ȋȐȉȘȐȌȕȖȑ' ȜȖȚȖȋȘȈȜȐȍȑ (ȗȓȍȕȒȈ > șȒȈȕȍȘ > ȒȖȔȗȤȦȚȍȘ > ȗȘȐȕȚȍȘ), ȐȏȊȍșȚȕȣ ȗȘȖȉȓȍȔȣ ȗȖȓțȟȍȕȐȧ ȒȈȟȍșȚȊȍȕȕȣȝ ȞȐȜȘȖȊȣȝ ȐȏȖȉȘȈȎȍȕȐȑ Ȋ ȗȘȖȞȍșșȍ șȒȈȕȐȘȖȊȈȕȐȧ. ǺȖȕȈȓȤȕȣȍ Ȑ ȞȊȍȚȖȊȣȍ ȕȍșȖȖȚȊȍȚșȚȊȐȧ Ȋ ȞȐȜȘȖȊȣȝ ȐȏȖȉȘȈȎȍȕȐȧȝ, ȗȖȧȊȐȊȠȐȍșȧ Ȋ ȘȍȏțȓȤȚȈȚȍ ȐșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȕȐȧ ȈȊȚȖȔȈȚȐȟȍșȒȐȝ ȘȍȎȐȔȖȊ șȒȈȕȐȘȖȊȈȕȐȧ, ȔȖȋțȚ ș ȓȍȋȒȖșȚȤȦ șȊȍșȚȐ ȕȈ ȕȍȚ Ȋșȍ ȊȈȠȐ țșȐȓȐȧ ȗȖ ȗȖȌȌȍȘȎȈȕȐȦ ȗȖșȚȖȧȕșȚȊȈ ȥȒșȗȖȏȐȞȐȖȕȕȖȋȖ ȟȐșȓȈ ȊȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȜȖȚȖșȢȍȔȒȐ. ǷȖȥȚȖȔț ȍȌȐȕșȚȊȍȕȕȣȑ ȗțȚȤ ȐșȒȓȦȟȐȚȤ ȚȈȒȐȍ ȕȍșȖȖȚȊȍȚșȚȊȐȧ - ȥȚȖ ȐșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȕȐȍ Șțȟȕȣȝ ȕȈșȚȘȖȍȒ Ȑ ȗȖȌȌȍȘȎȈȕȐȍ Ȑȝ ȗȖșȚȖȧȕșȚȊȈ ȗȘȐ șȒȈȕȐȘȖȊȈȕȐȐ șȍȘȐȐ ȐșȝȖȌȕȣȝ șȕȐȔȒȖȊ, șȖȖȚȊȍȚșȚȊțȦȡȐȝ ȖȌȕȖȔț ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȔȕȖȔț ȐȏȖȉȘȈȎȍȕȐȦ.

Ǫ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȍȍ ȊȘȍȔȧ Ȋ ȏȈȘțȉȍȎȕȖȔ ǰȕȚȍȘȕȍȚȍ Ȋșȍ ȟȈȡȍ ȗȖȧȊȓȧȦȚșȧ ȔȈȚȍȘȐȈȓȣ Ȗ ȚȈȒ ȕȈȏȣȊȈȍȔȖȔ HDR (High Dynamic Range) - șȢȍȔȒȍ Ȋ ȠȐȘȖȒȖȔ ȌȐȕȈȔȐȟȍșȒȖȔ ȌȐȈȗȈȏȖȕȍ.

ǸȍȈȓȐȏȈȞȐȧ ȚȈȒȖȋȖ ȗȖȌȝȖȌȈ ȏȈȒȓȦȟȈȍȚșȧ Ȋ ȔȕȖȋȖȒȘȈȚȕȖȑ șȢȍȔȒȍ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȈ (ȕȍ ȗțȚȈȚȤ ș ȔȕȖȋȖȒȘȈȚȕȣȔ ȥȒșȗȖȕȐȘȖȊȈȕȐȍȔ) ș ȘȈȏȓȐȟȕȣȔȐ ȥȒșȗȖȏȐȞȐȖȕȕȣȔȐ ȟȐșȓȈȔȐ Ȑ ȗȖșȓȍȌțȦȡȍȑ ȖȗȘȍȌȍȓȍȕȕȣȔ ȖȉȘȈȏȖȔ ȗȖșȚȘȖȍȕȕȖȑ ȖȉȘȈȉȖȚȒȍ, ȗȖȏȊȖȓȧȦȡȍȑ ȗȖȓțȟȈȚȤ ȊȣȘȈȊȕȐȊȈȕȐȍ ȚȖȕȈȓȤȕȖșȚȍȑ ȏȕȈȟȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȖȚȓȐȟȈȦȡȐȝșȧ ȗȖ ȧȘȒȖșȚȐ ȗȘȍȌȔȍȚȖȊ. ǷȘȐ ȥȚȖȔ șțȡȍșȚȊȍȕȕȣȝ ȗȖȚȍȘȤ ȐȕȜȖȘȔȈȚȐȊȕȣȝ șȖșȚȈȊȓȧȦȡȐȝ ȧȘȒȖșȚȐ Ȑ ȒȖȕȚȘȈșȕȖșȚȐ ȕȍ ȗȘȖȐșȝȖȌȐȚ. ǺȈȒȖȑ ȗȖȌȝȖȌ țȎȍ ȊȣȋȓȧȌȐȚ ȊȍșȤȔȈ ȔȕȖȋȖȖȉȍȡȈȦȡȐȔ ș ȚȖȟȒȐ ȏȘȍȕȐȧ ȗȖȊȣȠȍȕȐȧ ȒȈȟȍșȚȊȈ șȖșȚȈȊȕȣȝ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȕȣȝ ȐȏȖȉȘȈȎȍȕȐȑ. ǵȍȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȘȈȉȖȚȣ Ȋ ȥȚȖȔ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȓȍȕȐȐ țȎȍ ȌȖșȚȐȋȓȐ șȚȈȌȐȐ ȒȖȔȔȍȘȟȍșȒȐȝ ȗȘȖȋȘȈȔȔȕȣȝ ȗȘȖȌțȒȚȖȊ. DzȖȋȌȈ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ Ȕȣ ȊȍȘȕȍȔșȧ Ȓ ȉȖȓȍȍ ȗȖȌȘȖȉȕȖȔț ȘȈșșȔȖȚȘȍȕȐȦ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȊȖȗȘȖșȈ.

ǬțȔȈȍȚșȧ, ȟȚȖ ȕȍȚ ȖșȖȉȖȑ ȕȍȖȉȝȖȌȐȔȖșȚȐ ȗȖȌȘȖȉȕȖ ȘȈșșȒȈȏȣȊȈȚȤ ȚȖȔ, ȒȈȒ ȔȖȎȍȚ ȊȣȋȓȧȌȍȚȤ ȕȍȘȍȏȒȈȧ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȈ ȐȓȐ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȈ ș ȖȚȌȍȓȤȕȣȔȐ ȕȍȘȍȏȒȐȔȐ șȍȒȚȖȘȈȔȐ. ǷȖȥȚȖȔț Ȑ ȏȌȍșȤ ȕȍȖȉȝȖȌȐȔȖ ȖȚȒȓȦȟȈȚȤ ȒȈȒȐȍ-ȓȐȉȖ ȈȊȚȖȜȖȒțșȐȘȖȊȖȟȕȣȍ ȘȍȎȐȔȣ, ȕȈȊȖȌȐȚȤ ȕȈ ȘȍȏȒȖșȚȤ ȊȘțȟȕțȦ Ȑ ȊȖȖȉȡȍ șȚȈȘȈȚȤșȧ șȕȐȔȈȚȤ ș ȔȈȒșȐȔȈȓȤȕȖ ȊȖȏȔȖȎȕȖȑ ȋȓțȉȐȕȖȑ ȘȍȏȒȖșȚȐ.

Dz ȊȕȍȠȕȐȔ țșȓȖȊȐȧȔ, ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȔȖȋțȚ ȗȖȊȓȐȧȚȤ ȕȈ ȒȈȟȍșȚȊȖ șȖșȚȈȊȕȖȑ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȣ, ȔȖȎȕȖ Ȋ ȗȍȘȊțȦ ȖȟȍȘȍȌȤ ȖȚȕȍșȚȐ ȐȏȔȍȕȍȕȐȍ ȖșȊȍȡȍȕȕȖșȚȐ Ȋ ȗȘȖȞȍșșȍ șȢȍȔȒȐ, ȊȣȏȣȊȈȍȔȖȍ, ȒȈȒ ȗȘȈȊȐȓȖ, 'ȕȈȗȓȣȊȖȔ' ȖȉȓȈȟȕȖșȚȐ ȕȈ șȖȓȕȞȍ (ȐȓȐ ȕȈȖȉȖȘȖȚ). ǷȖȥȚȖȔț ȗȍȘȍȌ ȚȍȔ ȒȈȒ ȗȘȐșȚțȗȐȚȤ ș ȜȖȚȖȋȘȈȜȐȘȖȊȈȕȐȦ ȘȍȒȖȔȍȕȌțȍȚșȧ ȗȖȌȕȧȚȤ ȋȖȓȖȊț Ȑ ȗȖȗȘȖȉȖȊȈȚȤ ȖȞȍȕȐȚȤ, ȝȊȈȚȐȚ ȓȐ ț ȊȈș ȊȘȍȔȍȕȐ ȏȈȒȖȕȟȐȚȤ șȢȍȔȒț ȌȖ ȚȖȋȖ ȔȖȔȍȕȚȈ, ȒȖȋȌȈ ȕȈ șȖȓȕȞȍ ȕȈȉȍȎȐȚ șȓȍȌțȦȡȈȧ ȚțȟȈ. Dz țșȓȖȊȐȧȔ, ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȔȖȋțȚ ȗȘȖșȚȖ șȊȍșȚȐ ȊȈȠȐ țșȐȓȐȧ ȗȖ ȗȖȓțȟȍȕȐȦ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȕȖȋȖ ȐȏȖȉȘȈȎȍȕȐȧ ȕȈ ȕȍȚ, ȖȚȕȖșȐȚșȧ ȕȈȓȐȟȐȍ Ȋ ȗȖȓȍ șȢȍȔȒȐ ȗȍȘȍȔȍȡȈȦȡȐȝșȧ ȗȘȍȌȔȍȚȖȊ (ȈȊȚȖȔȖȉȐȓȍȑ, ȓȦȌȍȑ, ȊȖȓȕ). ǷȘȍȌșȒȈȏȈȚȤ ȘȍȏțȓȤȚȈȚ șȢȍȔȒȐ Ȋ ȚȈȒȐȝ țșȓȖȊȐȧȝ ȗȘȈȒȚȐȟȍșȒȐ ȕȍȊȖȏȔȖȎȕȖ. ǴȕȖȋȖȍ ȏȌȍșȤ ȏȈȊȐșȐȚ ȖȚ ȗȘȖȋȘȈȔȔȣ șȠȐȊȈȕȐȧ. ǵȍȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ Ȑȏ ȕȐȝ ȗȖȗȘȖșȚț țȌȈȓȧȦȚ Ȑȏ ȜȐȕȈȓȤȕȖȋȖ ȐȏȖȉȘȈȎȍȕȐȧ ȗȘȍȌȔȍȚȣ, ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȕȍ ȗȖȊȚȖȘȧȦȚșȧ ȕȈ șȔȍȎȕȣȝ șȕȐȔȒȈȝ. ǵȖ ȟȈȡȍ ȊșȍȋȖ ȕȈ ȐȚȖȋȖȊȖȑ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȍ ȔȖȎȕȖ ȕȈȑȚȐ ȜȈȕȚȖȔȣ

ȌȊȐȎțȡȐȝșȧ ȗȘȍȌȔȍȚȖȊ, Ȉ ȟȈȡȍ - Ȑȝ ȜȘȈȋȔȍȕȚȖȊ. ǷȖȔȖȟȤ Ȋ ȚȈȒȐȝ șȓțȟȈȧȝ ȔȖȎȍȚ ȓȐȠȤ ȚȡȈȚȍȓȤȕȈȧ ȘȍȚțȠȤ. ǶșȖȉȍȕȕȖ ȏȈȉȈȊȕȖ ȊȣȋȓȧȌȧȚ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȣ ș ȖȌȕȖȑ Ȑ ȚȖȑ Ȏȍ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȟȍșȒȖȑ ȜȐȋțȘȖȑ, ȠȍșȚȊțȦȡȍȑ Ȋ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȐȝ ȔȍșȚȈȝ ȖȌȕȖȋȖ Ȑ ȚȖȋȖ Ȏȍ ȐȏȖȉȘȈȎȍȕȐȧ. ǵȍȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȕȣȍ ȜȖȚȖȋȘȈȜȣ ȗȘȐ șȢȍȔȒȍ ȓȦȌȕȣȝ ȔȍșȚ (ȊȍȟȍȘȐȕȖȒ, ȠȍșȚȊȐȑ, Ȑ Ț.ȗ.) ȗȘȈȒȚȐȒțȦȚ ȔȕȖȋȖȒȘȈȚȕțȦ șȢȍȔȒț ȗȘȐ ȖȌȕȖȔ Ȑ ȚȖȔ Ȏȍ ȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȐ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȈ ș ȗȖșȓȍȌțȦȡȐȔ ȗȘȖșȔȖȚȘȖȔ Ȑ ȖȚȉȖȘȖȔ ȕȈȐȉȖȓȍȍ ȗȘȐȍȔȓȍȔȣȝ ȒȈȌȘȖȊ - ȒȈȕȌȐȚȈȚȖȊ ȕȈ șȠȐȊȈȕȐȍ.

DzȈȒ ȊȐȌȕȖ Ȑȏ ȊșȍȋȖ ȕȈȗȐșȈȕȕȖȋȖ ȊȣȠȍ, ȚȘȍȉȖȊȈȕȐȧ, ȗȘȍȌȢȧȊȓȧȍȔȣȍ Ȓ ȗȖȓțȟȍȕȐȦ ȐșȝȖȌȕȣȝ ȜȖȚȖȋȘȈȜȐȟȍșȒȐȝ ȐȏȖȉȘȈȎȍȕȐȑ Ȍȓȧ ȗȖșȓȍȌțȦȡȍȋȖ ȗȖșȚȘȖȍȕȐȧ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔ, ȏȕȈȟȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȊȣȠȍ Țȍȝ, ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȖȉȣȟȕȖ țȟȐȚȣȊȈȦȚșȧ ȗȘȐ ȖȉȣȟȕȖȑ ȜȖȚȖȋȘȈȜȐȘȖȊȈȕȐȐ. ǷȖȥȚȖȔț Ȋ șȓȍȌțȦȡȍȑ șȚȈȚȤȍ Ȕȣ ȘȈșșȔȖȚȘȐȔ ȥȓȍȔȍȕȚȣ ȜȖȚȖȚȍȝȕȐȒȐ, ȗȘȐȔȍȕȧȍȔȣȍ Ȍȓȧ ȗȖȓțȟȍȕȐȧ șȖșȚȈȊȕȣȝ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔ, Ȑ ȘȍȒȖȔȍȕȌȈȞȐȐ ȗȖ ȍȍ ȊȣȉȖȘț.

Ɉɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɞɥɹ ɫɴɟɦɤɢ

Ǫ ȥȚȖȔ ȘȈȏȌȍȓȍ ȕȈȔ ȗȘȍȌșȚȖȐȚ ȘȈșșȔȖȚȘȍȚȤ, ȒȈȒȐȍ ȖșȕȖȊȕȣȍ ȚȘȍȉȖȊȈȕȐȧ Ȑ ȒȘȐȚȍȘȐȐ ȓȍȎȈȚ Ȋ ȖșȕȖȊȍ ȊȣȉȖȘȈ ȖȉȖȘțȌȖȊȈȕȐȧ Ȍȓȧ ȗȖȓțȟȍȕȐȧ șȖșȚȈȊȕȣȝ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔ ȐȓȐ, ȚȖȟȕȍȍ, ȐșȝȖȌȕȣȝ ȐȏȖȉȘȈȎȍȕȐȑ Ȍȓȧ Ȑȝ ȗȖȓțȟȍȕȐȧ. ǶȉȖȘțȌȖȊȈȕȐȍ ȥȚȖ ȔȖȎȕȖ ȘȈȏȌȍȓȐȚȤ ȕȈ 3 ȖșȕȖȊȕȣȍ ȋȘțȗȗȣ:

1.ȜȖȚȖȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȣ;

2.ȜȖȚȖȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȣ;

3.ȜȖȚȖȠȚȈȚȐȊȣ.

ǵȈȟȕȍȔ ș ȜȖȚȖȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȖȊ Ȑ șȘȈȏț ȗȖȗȣȚȈȍȔșȧ ȖȚȊȍȚȐȚȤ ȕȈ ȗȖȗțȓȧȘȕȣȑ șȍȋȖȌȕȧ ȊȖȗȘȖș: 'ȗȓȍȕȖȟȕȣȑ' ȐȓȐ 'ȞȐȜȘȖȊȖȑ'? ǭșȓȐ ȖȚȊȍȟȈȚȤ ȒȘȈȚȒȖ, ȚȖ ȓȦȉȖȑ. ǼȖȚȖȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȣ ȖȉȖȐȝ ȚȐȗȖȊ Ȋ ȗȘȐȕȞȐȗȍ ȈȉșȖȓȦȚȕȖ ȗȘȐȋȖȌȕȣ Ȍȓȧ ȗȖȓțȟȍȕȐȧ ȐșȝȖȌȕȣȝ ȜȖȚȖșȕȐȔȒȖȊ ș ȞȍȓȤȦ ȗȖșȓȍȌțȦȡȍȋȖ Ȑȝ șȠȐȊȈȕȐȧ. Ǭȓȧ ȖȉȖȐȝ ȚȐȗȖȊ șțȡȍșȚȊțȍȚ ȖȌȕȖ ȊȍșȤȔȈ ȊȈȎȕȖȍ Ȗȉȡȍȍ ȚȘȍȉȖȊȈȕȐȍ: Ȋ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȍ ȌȖȓȎȕȈ șțȡȍșȚȊȖȊȈȚȤ ȜțȕȒȞȐȧ ȜȐȒșȈȞȐȐ ȥȒșȗȖȏȐȞȐȐ ȗȘȐ ȖșțȡȍșȚȊȓȍȕȐȐ șȢȍȔȒȐ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȐȝ ȗȖșȓȍȌȖȊȈȚȍȓȤȕȣȝ ȒȈȌȘȖȊ. ǰȕȣȔȐ șȓȖȊȈȔȐ ȌȖȓȎȍȕ ȗȘȐșțȚșȚȊȖȊȈȚȤ ȓȐȉȖ ȘȍȎȐȔ ȘțȟȕȖȑ țșȚȈȕȖȊȒȐ ȒȈȒ ȊȣȌȍȘȎȒȐ, ȚȈȒ Ȑ ȌȐȈȜȘȈȋȔȣ, ȓȐȉȖ - ȥȚȖ ȒȈșȈȍȚșȧ ȞȐȜȘȖȊȣȝ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȖȊ - ȘȍȎȐȔ 'ȖȚȔȍȕȈ ȈȊȚȖȥȒșȗȖȕȐȘȖȊȈȕȐȧ', ȗȘȐ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȔ ȗȘȖȐȏȊȖȌȐȚșȧ ȜȐȒșȈȞȐȧ ȗȈȘȈȔȍȚȘȖȊ ȥșȒȗȖȏȐȞȐȐ ȗȍȘȊȖȋȖ șȕȐȔȒȈ. DzȘȖȔȍ ȚȖȋȖ Ȍȓȧ ȞȐȜȘȖȊȣȝ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȖȊ ȖȉȧȏȈȚȍȓȍȕ ȘțȟȕȖȑ ȘȍȎȐȔ țșȚȈȕȖȊȒȐ ȉȈȓȈȕșȈ ȉȍȓȖȋȖ.

ȅȚȐ ȍșȚȍșȚȊȍȕȕȣȍ Ȑ ȌȖȊȖȓȤȕȖ ȗȘȖșȚȣȍ ȚȘȍȉȖȊȈȕȐȧ, ȊȣȚȍȒȈȦȡȐȍ Ȑȏ ȕȍȖȉȝȖȌȐȔȖșȚȐ ȗȖȓțȟȍȕȐȧ ȖȌȐȕȈȒȖȊȖ ȥȒșȗȖȕȐȘȖȊȈȕȕȣȝ ȐșȝȖȌȕȣȝ ȐȏȖȉȘȈȎȍȕȐȑ ș ȖȌȕȖȑ Ȑ ȚȖȑ Ȏȍ ȞȊȍȚȕȖȑ ȚȖȕȈȓȤȕȖșȚȤȦ, șȘȈȏț Ȏȍ ȌȖȊȖȓȤȕȖ ȘȍȏȒȖ ȖȋȘȈȕȐȟȐȊȈȍȚ ȒȘțȋ ȗȘȐȋȖȌȕȖȑ Ȍȓȧ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȕȖȑ șȢȍȔȒȐ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚțȘȣ. ǺȈȒ șȚȈȕȖȊȐȚșȧ ȜȈȒȚȐȟȍșȒȐ ȕȍȗȘȐȍȔȓȍȔȣȔ Ȍȓȧ Ȟȍȓȍȑ ȗȖȓțȟȍȕȐȧ ȒȈȟșȚȊȍȕȕȣȝ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔ Ȟȍȓȣȑ ȒȓȈșș ȜȖȚȖȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȖȊ ȚȐȗȈ point-and-shoot (Ț.ȍ. 'ȔȣȓȤȕȐȞ' - ȒȈȒ ȗȓȍȕȖȟȕȣȝ, ȚȈȒ Ȑ ȞȐȜȘȖȊȣȝ). Ǫ ȌȈȓȤȕȍȑȠȍȔ, ȋȖȊȖȘȧ Ȗȉ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȈȝ, Ȕȣ ȗȘȐȊȍȌȍȔ ȌȖȗȖȓȕȐȚȍȓȤȕȣȍ ȌȖȊȖȌȣ, șȊȐȌȍȚȍȓȤșȚȊțȦȡȐȍ ȗȘȖȚȐȊ ȗȘȐȔȍȕȍȕȐȧ ȚȈȒȖȋȖ ȘȖȌȈ ȜȖȚȖȚȍȝȕȐȒȐ Ȋ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȕȖȑ șȢȍȔȒȍ.

ǶȟȍȊȐȌȕȖ, ȟȚȖ Ȋ ȕȈȐȉȖȓȤȠȍȑ șȚȍȗȍȕȐ ȗȘȐȊȍȌȍȕȕȣȔ ȊȣȠȍ ȚȘȍȉȖȊȈȕȐȧȔ, șȖȖȚȊȍȚșȚȊțȦȚ ȏȍȘȒȈȓȤȕȣȍ ȜȖȚȖȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȣ: ȒȈȒ ȗȓȍȕȖȟȕȣȍ, ȚȈȒ Ȑ ȞȐȜȘȖȊȣȍ. DzȘȖȔȍ ȚȖȋȖ ș 'ȏȍȘȒȈȓȒȖȑ', ȒȈȒ ȗȘȈȊȐȓȖ, ȔȖȎȕȖ ȐșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȚȤ șȔȍȕȕȣȍ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȣ, Ȋ ȚȖȔ ȟȐșȓȍ ȒȖȘȖȚȒȖȜȖȒțșȕȣȍ, ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ - Ȑ ȥȚȖ Ȕȣ țȊȐȌȐȔ ȌȈȓȍȍ - Ȋ ȖșȕȖȊȕȖȔ Ȑ ȗȘȐȔȍȕȧȦȚșȧ Ȋ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȕȖȑ ȜȖȚȖȋȘȈȜȐȐ. ǮȍȓȈȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȕȈȓȐȟȐȍ ȈȊȚȖȔȈȚȐȟȍșȒȖȑ ȗȍȘȍȔȖȚȒȐ ȗȓȍȕȒȐ (Ȍȓȧ ȗȓȍȕȖȟȕȣȝ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȖȊ) Ȑ ȊȖȏȔȖȎȕȖșȚȤ ȐșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȕȐȧ ȚȘȖșȐȒȈ ȐȓȐ ȌȘțȋȖȋȖ țșȚȘȖȑșȚȊȈ ȊȕȍȠȕȍȋȖ țȗȘȈȊȓȍȕȐȧ ȏȈȚȊȖȘȖȔ. ǰȏ ȊȍȓȐȒȖȋȖ ȔȕȖȎȍșȚȊȈ ȐȔȍȦȡȐȝșȧ șȍȋȖȌȕȧ ȕȈ ȘȣȕȒȍ ȞȐȜȘȖȊȣȝ 'ȕȍȏȍȘȒȈȓȖȒ' Ȍȓȧ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȕȖȑ șȢȍȔȒȐ Ȋ ȕȈȐȉȖȓȤȠȍȑ șȚȍȗȍȕȐ ȗȖȌȝȖȌȧȚ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȣ Nikon Coolpix ș ȊȣȗțșȒȈȍȔȣȔȐ Ȍȓȧ ȕȐȝ ȠȐȘȖȒȖțȋȖȓȤȕȣȔȐ ȒȖȕȊȍȘȚȖȘȈȔȐ. ǷȘȐ ȥȚȖȔ ȕȐȎȕȐȔ ȗȘȍȌȍȓȖȔ ȘȈȏȔȍȘȕȖșȚȐ șȊȍȚȖȟțȊșȚȊȐȚȍȓȤȕȖȑ ȔȈȚȘȐȞȣ ȞȐȜȘȖȊȖȋȖ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȈ ȕțȎȕȖ șȟȐȚȈȚȤ 1600 ȝ 1200 (ȚȖ ȍșȚȤ ȕȍ Ȕȍȕȍȍ 2-ȝ ȔȍȋȈȗȐȒșȍȓȍȑ).

ǭșȓȐ ț ȊȈș ȍȡȍ ȕȍȚ ȜȖȚȖȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȈ ȐȓȐ Ȋȣ ȘȍȠȐȓȐ, ȟȚȖ ȗȖȘȈ ȖȉȕȖȊȐȚȤ ȐȔȍȦȡțȦșȧ ț ȊȈș ȜȖȚȖȚȍȝȕȐȒț, ȚȖ ȗȘȐ ȊȣȉȖȘȍ ȕȖȊȖȋȖ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȈ ȕȍȖȉȝȖȌȐȔȖ țȟȍșȚȤ Ȟȍȓȣȑ ȘȧȌ ȌȖȗȖȓȕȐȚȍȓȤȕȣȝ șȖȖȉȘȈȎȍȕȐȑ. Dz ȕȐȔ Ȋ ȗȍȘȊțȦ ȖȟȍȘȍȌȤ ȖȚȕȖșȐȚșȧ ȎȍȓȈȍȔȖȍ ȒȈȟȍșȚȊȖ ȉțȌțȡȐȝ ȜȖȚȖȋȘȈȜȐȑ, ȜȐȕȈȕșȖȊȣȍ șȖȖȉȘȈȎȍȕȐȧ, ȖȉȢȍȔȣ ȜȖȚȖȋȘȈȜȐȘȖȊȈȕȐȧ Ȑ Ț.Ȍ. Ȑ Ț.ȗ. ǶȉșțȎȌȍȕȐȍ ȊșȍȋȖ ȒȘțȋȈ ȗȖȌȖȉȕȖȋȖ ȘȖȌȈ ȊȖȗȘȖșȖȊ ȌȈȓȍȒȖ ȊȣȝȖȌȐȚ ȏȈ ȘȈȔȒȐ ȌȈȕȕȖȑ șȚȈȚȤȐ. ǵȈ ȗȖȗțȓȧȘȕȣȝ ȜȖȚȖȋȘȈȜȐȟȍșȒȐȝ șȈȑȚȈȝ:

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ǴȖȎȕȖ ȕȈȑȚȐ ȖȚȊȍȚȣ ȗȘȈȒȚȐȟȍșȒȐ ȕȈ Ȋșȍ ȊȖȗȘȖșȣ ȗȖȌȖȉȕȖȋȖ ȘȖȌȈ.

ǿȚȖ ȒȈșȈȍȚșȧ ȈȊȚȖȘȈ ȌȈȕȕȖȑ șȚȈȚȤȐ, ȚȖ Ȗȕ, ȏȈȔȍȚȕȖ țșȚȈȊ ȖȚ ȕȍțȌȖȊȓȍȚȊȖȘȐȚȍȓȤȕȖȋȖ ȒȈȟȍșȚȊȈ ȖȉȘȈȉȖȚȒȐ ȜȖȚȖȗȓȍȕȒȐ ȊȖ ȊșȧȒȖȋȖ ȘȖȌȈ 'ȓȈȉȈȝ' (ȗȘȐȟȍȔ Ȋ ȖȉȖȐȝ ȗȖȓțȠȈȘȐȧȝ ǯȍȔȓȐ), ȉȖȘȤȉȣ ȏȈ ȌȖșȚȖȊȍȘȕȖșȚȤ ȞȊȍȚȖȗȍȘȍȌȈȟȐ ȗȘȐ șȒȈȕȐȘȖȊȈȕȐȐ, ȖȚ 'ȏȍȘȕȈ' ȕȈ șȒȈȕȈȝ Ȑ ȖȚ șȈȔȖȋȖ ȖȟȍȕȤ ȚȘțȌȖȍȔȒȖȋȖ ȗȘȖȞȍșșȈ șȒȈȕȐȘȖȊȈȕȐȧ Ȑ Ț.Ȍ., ȗȘȐ ȖȟȍȘȍȌȕȖȔ ȖȉȕȖȊȓȍȕȐȐ ȐȔȍȦȡȍȑșȧ ț ȕȍȋȖ ȜȖȚȖȚȍȝȕȐȒȐ ȖșȚȈȕȖȊȐȓ șȊȖȑ ȊȣȉȖȘ ȕȈ ȞȐȜȘȖȊȖȔ ȏȍȘȒȈȓȤȕȖȔ Canon'ȍ. ǯȈȔȍȚȐȔ, ȟȚȖ ȗȘȐ ȥȚȖȔ ȕȐȒȈȒ ȕȍ ȐșȒȓȦȟȈȍȚșȧ ȗȍȘȐȖȌȐȟȍșȒȖȍ ȐșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȕȐȍ ȗȓȍȕȖȟȕȖȋȖ ȜȖȚȖȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȈ, ȕȈȗȘȐȔȍȘ Ȋ ȌȓȐȚȍȓȤȕȣȝ ȗȖȍȏȌȒȈȝ Ȑ Ț.ȗ.

ǶȉȘȈȚȐȔșȧ Ȓ ȜȖȚȖȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȈȔ. ǯȌȍșȤ ȊȣȉȖȘ ȌȐȒȚțȍȚșȧ Ȋ ȖșȕȖȊȕȖȔ țșȓȖȊȐȧȔȐ Ȑ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȖȔ ȜȖȚȖșȢȍȔȒȐ. ǺȈȒ, ȍșȓȐ ȊȈȔ ȗȘȍȌșȚȖȐȚ șȖȏȌȈȚȤ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȕȖȍ ȐȏȖȉȘȈȎȍȕȐȍ ȘȈȊȕȐȕȕȖȋȖ ȐȓȐ ȔȖȘșȒȖȋȖ ȗȍȑȏȈȎȈ, ȚȖ Ȋ ȥȚȖȔ șȓțȟȈȍ ȊȗȖȓȕȍ ȔȖȋ ȉȣ ȗȖȌȖȑȚȐ Ȗȉȣȟȕȣȑ 50-ȔȐȓȓȐȔȍȚȘȖȊȣȑ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊ. ǶȌȕȈȒȖ, ȍșȓȐ Ȋ ȐȏȖȉȘȈȎȍȕȐȐ ȗȘȍȌȗȖȓȈȋȈȍȚșȧ ȕȈȓȐȟȐȍ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȖȊ, țȋȓȖȊȣȍ ȘȈȏȔȍȘȣ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȝ șȖșȚȈȊȓȧȦȚ ȌȍșȧȚȒȐ ȋȘȈȌțșȖȊ (ȌȖȔȈ, ȌȍȘȍȊȤȧ, ȋȖȘȣ, ȓȦȌȐ), ȚȖ Ȍȓȧ Ȑȝ ȖȚȖȉȘȈȎȍȕȐȧ ȔȖȎȍȚ ȗȖȕȈȌȖȉȐȚȤșȧ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊ ș ȉȖȓȍȍ ȒȖȘȖȚȒȐȔ ȜȖȒțșȕȣȔ ȘȈșșȚȖȧȕȐȍȔ. Ǭȓȧ ȗȖȓțȟȍȕȐȧ ȚȈȒ ȕȈȏȣȊȈȍȔȣȝ șȜȍȘȐȟȍșȒȐȝ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔ (ȥȚȖ Ȋ ȗȍȘȊțȦ ȖȟȍȘȍȌȤ ȒȈșȈȍȚșȧ șȢȍȔȒȐ Ȋ ȗȖȔȍȡȍȕȐȧȝ, Ȋ țșȓȖȊȐȧȝ țȏȒȐȝ ȋȖȘȖȌșȒȐȝ țȓȐȞ Ȑ Ț.ȗ.) țȎȍ ȎȍȓȈȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȐȔȍȚȤ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊ ș ȗȖȓȍȔ ȏȘȍȕȐȧ 180 ȋȘȈȌțșȖȊ.

Ǫ ȚȈȉȓȐȞȍ ȕȐȎȍ ȗȘȐȊȍȌȍȕȣ ȖșȕȖȊȕȣȍ ȌȈȕȕȣȍ, ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȔȖȋțȚ ȉȣȚȤ ȗȘȐȕȧȚȣ ȗȘȐ ȊȣȉȖȘȍ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȈ Ȍȓȧ șȢȍȔȒȐ ȕȈ 35-ȔȔ ȗȓȍȕȒț ș ȞȍȓȤȦ ȗȖșȓȍȌțȦȡȍȋȖ ȗȖȓțȟȍȕȐȧ ȗȖȓȕȣȝ ȒȘțȋȖȊȣȝ (360-ȋȘȈȌțșȕȣȝ) șȖșȚȈȊȕȣȝ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔ. ǺȘȍȉțȍȔȖȍ ȒȖȓȐȟȍșȚȊȖ ȐȏȖȉȘȈȎȍȕȐȑ (ȐșȝȖȌȕȣȝ) ȗȖȌșȟȐȚȈȕȖ Ȑȏ ȗȘȍȌȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȧ, ȟȚȖ ȊȏȈȐȔȕȖȍ țȋȓȖȊȖȍ ȗȍȘȍȒȘȣȚȐȍ șȔȍȎȕȣȝ șȕȐȔȒȖȊ șȖșȚȈȊȓȧȍȚ ȕȍ Ȕȍȕȍȍ 25 ȋȘȈȌțșȖȊ. ǶȚȕȖȠȍȕȐȍ ȌȓȐȕȣ ȗȖȓțȟȍȕȕȖȑ Ȋ ȘȍȏțȓȤȚȈȚȍ șȠȐȊȈȕȐȧ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȣ Ȓ ȍȍ ȠȐȘȐȕȍ ȍșȚȤ ȘȍȏțȓȤȚȈȚ ȗȘȖșȚȖȋȖ ȌȍȓȍȕȐȐȧ 360 ȋȘȈȌțșȖȊ ȕȈ ȗȖȓȍ ȏȘȍȕȐȧ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȈ ȗȘȐ șȖȖȚȊȍȚșȚȊțȦȡȍȑ ȖȘȐȍȕȚȈȞȐȐ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȈ. ǵȈ ȗȘȈȒȚȐȒȍ ȥȚȐ ȖȚȕȖȠȍȕȐȧ ȔȖȋțȚ ȉȣȚȤ ȊȣȠȍ, ȟȚȖ ȖȉțșȓȖȊȓȍȕȖ ȕȍ ȗȖȓȕȣȔ ȐșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȕȐȍȔ ȒȈȌȘȈ ȐșȝȖȌȕȖȋȖ șȕȐȔȒȈ, ȐȏȔȍȕȍȕȐȍȔ ȘȈȏȔȍȘȖȊ ȗȘȐ șȠȐȊȈȕȐȐ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔ Ȋ șȖȖȚȊȍȚșȚȊțȦȡȐȝ ȗȘȖȋȘȈȔȔȈȝ, Ȑ Ț.ȗ. ǷȖȥȚȖȔț ȗȘȐȊȍȌȍȕȕȈȧ ȚȈȉȓȐȞȈ ȕȖșȐȚ șȒȖȘȍȍ ȐȓȓȦșȚȘȈȚȐȊȕȣȑ, ȕȍȎȍȓȐ șȗȘȈȊȖȟȕȣȑ ȝȈȘȈȒȚȍȘ. ǺȖȟȕȣȍ ȌȈȕȕȣȍ ȌȈșȚ ȊȈȔ ȘȈȉȖȚȈ ș ȒȖȕȒȘȍȚȕȣȔ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȖȔ Ȑ ȗȘȖȋȘȈȔȔȖȑ șȠȐȊȈȕȐȧ.

ǬȈȕȕȈȧ ȚȈȉȓȐȞȈ ȗȖȏȊȖȓȧȍȚ ȘȈșșȔȖȚȘȍȚȤ ȍȡȍ ȖȌȐȕ (ȗȖȔȐȔȖ ȗȖȓȧ ȏȘȍȕȐȧ) ȒȘȐȚȍȘȐȑ ȊȣȉȖȘȈ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȈ Ȍȓȧ ȗȖȓțȟȍȕȐȧ șȖșȚȈȊȕȣȝ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȕȣȝ ȐȏȖȉȘȈȎȍȕȐȑ. ȅȚȖ Ȑȝ ȘȈȏȔȍȘ. ǭșȓȐ ȘȍȟȤ ȐȌȍȚ Ȗ ȗȍȟȈȚȐ, ȚȖ ȖȚȊȍȚ ȖȟȍȊȐȌȍȕ: ȟȍȔ ȘȈȏȔȍȘ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ, ȚȍȔ ȒȈȟȍșȚȊȍȕȕȍȑ ȖȚȗȍȟȈȚȖȒ.

ǶȌȕȈȒȖ, ȍșȓȐ ȗȓȈȕȐȘțȍȚșȧ ȘȈȏȔȍșȚȐȚȤ ȗȖȓțȟȈȍȔȖȍ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȕȖȍ ȐȏȖȉȘȈȎȍȕȐȍ ȕȈ ȐȕȚȍȘȕȍȚ-șȈȑȚȍ, ȚȖ ȍȋȖ ȘȈȏȔȍȘ, Ȉ șȓȍȌȖȊȈȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȏȈȋȘțȏȒȐ, țȎȍ șȚȈȕȖȊȐȚșȧ ȖȌȕȐȔ Ȑȏ ȜȈȒȚȖȘȖȊ ȗȖȌȉȖȘȈ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȈ. ǷȘȍȌȗȖȓȖȎȐȔ, ȟȚȖ Ȋȣ ȘȍȠȐȓȐ ȘȈȏȔȍȡȈȚȤ ȗȖȓțȟȍȕȕȣȍ ȊȈȔȐ

360-ȋȘȈȌțșȕȣȍ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȣ ȕȈ șȊȖȍȔ șȈȑȚȍ, ȐșȗȖȓȤȏțȧ Ȍȓȧ Ȑȝ ȊȖșȗȘȖȐȏȊȍȌȍȕȐȧ (ȗȘȖșȔȖȚȘȈ) ȚȈȒ ȕȈȏȣȊȈȍȔȣȑ java-viewer (Ȗ ȟȍȔ ȗȖȌȘȖȉȕȖ ȘȍȟȤ ȗȖȑȌȍȚ ȕȐȎȍ) ș ȖȒȕȖȔ ȊȣșȖȚȖȑ 300

ȗȐȒșȍȓȍȑ. Ǭȓȧ ȗȘȖșȔȖȚȘȈ ȊȈȔ ȉțȌȍȚ ȕȍȖȉȝȖȌȐȔȖ șȖȏȌȈȚȤ Ȑ șȖȝȘȈȕȐȚȤ Ȋ ȜȖȘȔȈȚȍ jpeg ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȕȣȍ ȐȏȖȉȘȈȎȍȕȐȧ ȊȣșȖȚȖȑ (ȒȈȒ ȗȖȒȈȏȣȊȈȍȚ ȖȗȣȚ ȈȊȚȖȘȈ) ȕȍ Ȕȍȕȍȍ 360 ȗȐȒșȍȓȍȑ. ǭșȓȐ Ȍȓȧ ȗȖȓțȟȍȕȐȧ ȐșȝȖȌȕȣȝ șȕȐȔȒȖȊ Ȋȣ ȐșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȓȐ 20-ȔȔ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊ (ș ȊȍȘȚȐȒȈȓȤȕȖȑ ȖȘȐȍȕȚȈȞȐȍȑ), ȚȖ, șȖȋȓȈșȕȖ ȚȈȉȓȐȞȍ ȊȣȠȍ, ȌȓȐȕȈ ȚȈȒȖȑ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȣ șȖșȚȈȊȐȚ ȕȍ Ȕȍȕȍȍ 2088 ȗȐȒșȍȓȍȑ. ǶȉȢȍȔ ȚȈȒȖȋȖ ȐȏȖȉȘȈȎȍȕȐȧ, șȎȈȚȖȋȖ Ȋ jpeg ș ȒȖȥȜȜȐȞȐȍȕȚȖȔ ȒȈȟȍșȚȊȈ 50%, Ȋ ȏȈȊȐșȐȔȖșȚȐ ȖȚ ȍȋȖ șȦȎȍȚȈ Ȑ ȘȍȏȒȖșȚȐ ȉțȌȍȚ ȗȖȘȧȌȒȈ 130-160 ȒȐȓȖȉȈȑȚ. ǺȖȚ Ȏȍ ȖȉȢȍȔ Ȍȓȧ 16-ȔȔ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȈ țȎȍ ȉțȌȍȚ ȔȍȕȤȠȍ: 110-140 ȒȐȓȖȉȈȑȚ. ǺȈȒȐȔ ȖȉȘȈȏȖȔ, ȒȈȒ ȕȐ ȗȈȘȈȌȖȒșȈȓȤȕȖ ȥȚȖ ȏȊțȟȐȚ, ȟȍȔ ȒȖȘȖȟȍ ȜȖȒțșȕȖȍ ȘȈșșȚȖȧȕȐȍ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȈ, ȚȍȔ ȔȍȕȤȠȍ ȖȉȢȍȔ ȜȈȑȓȈ (ȒȖȔȗȤȦȚȍȘȕȖȋȖ) ș ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȕȣȔ ȐȏȖȉȘȈȎȍȕȐȍȔ.

ǸȈșșȔȖȚȘȐȔ ȍȡȍ ȖȌȐȕ ȜȈȒȚȖȘ, ȊȓȐȧȦȡȐȑ Ȋ ȒȈȒȖȑ-ȚȖ șȚȍȗȍȕȐ, ȕȈ ȊȣȉȖȘ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȈ. ǸȍȟȤ ȐȌȍȚ Ȗ ȒȖȓȐȟȍșȚȊȍ ȐșȝȖȌȕȣȝ ȜȖȚȖȋȘȈȜȐȑ, ȕȍȖȉȝȖȌȐȔȣȝ Ȍȓȧ ȐȏȋȖȚȖȊȓȍȕȐȧ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȣ. 18 ȒȈȌȘȖȊ Ȍȓȧ 50-ȔȔ ȖȉȍȒȚȐȊȈ ȗȘȐ ȊȍȘȚȐȒȈȓȤȕȖȑ ȍȋȖ ȖȘȐȍȕȚȈȞȐȐ - ȥȚȖ ȗȖȓȖȊȐȕȈ ȗȓȍȕȒȐ (36 ȒȈȌȘȖȊ). ǰȕȣȔȐ șȓȖȊȈȔȐ - ȔȕȖȋȖ. ǬȈ Ȑ ȊȘȧȌ ȓȐ ȕȈȑȌȍȚșȧ ȌȖșȚȈȚȖȟȕȖȍ ȒȖȓȐȟȍșȚȊȖ șȦȎȍȚȖȊ Ȍȓȧ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȕȖȑ șȢȍȔȒȐ ȚȈȒȐȔ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȖȔ. ǶȗȣȚ ȈȊȚȖȘȈ ȗȖȌșȒȈȏȣȊȈȍȚ, ȟȚȖ Ȍȓȧ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȕȖȑ ȜȖȚȖȋȘȈȜȐȐ ȐșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȕȐȍ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȈ ș ȜȖȒțșȕȣȔ ȘȈșșȚȖȧȕȐȍȔ ȉȖȓȍȍ 28 ȔȔ (Ȍȓȧ ȗȓȍȕȒȐ ȠȐȘȐȕȖȑ 35 ȔȔ) ȊȘȧȌ ȓȐ ȞȍȓȍșȖȖȉȘȈȏȕȖ.

Ƕ ȒȈȟȍșȚȊȍ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȖȊ, ȗȘȐȍȔȓȍȔȖȔ Ȋ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȕȖȑ ȜȖȚȖȋȘȈȜȐȐ, țȎȍ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓȖșȤ Ȋ ȗȘȍȌȣȌțȡȍȔ ȘȈȏȌȍȓȍ, Ȋ ȟȈșȚȕȖșȚȐ, ȟȚȖ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȣ ș ȜȐȒșȐȘȖȊȈȕȕȣȔ ȜȖȒțșȕȣȔ ȘȈșșȚȖȧȕȐȍȔ ȗȘȍȌȗȖȟȚȐȚȍȓȤȕȍȍ 'ȏțȔȖȊ'. Ǫ ȕȈșȚȖȧȡȍȍ ȊȘȍȔȧ, ȖȌȕȈȒȖ, ȉȖȓȤȠȐȕșȚȊȖ ȜȖȚȖȋȘȈȜȖȊ ȗȘȍȌȗȖȟȐȚȈȦȚ ȖȌȐȕ ȝȖȘȖȠȐȑ (Ȑ ȕȍ ȌȍȠȍȊȣȑ) ȠȐȘȖȒȖțȋȖȓȤȕȣȑ 'ȏțȔ' ȕȈȉȖȘț 'ȜȐȒșȜȖȒȈȓȖȊ'. Ǫ ȖșȖȉȍȕȕȖșȚȐ ȥȚȖ ȝȈȘȈȒȚȍȘȕȖ Ȍȓȧ ȊȓȈȌȍȓȤȞȍȊ ȏȍȘȒȈȓȤȕȣȝ ȞȐȜȘȖȊȣȝ ȜȖȚȖȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȖȊ. ǬțȔȈȍȚșȧ, ȟȚȖ ȒȈȒȐȝ-ȓȐȉȖ ȗȘȐȕȞȐȗȐȈȓȤȕȣȝ ȊȖȏȘȈȎȍȕȐȑ ȗȘȖȚȐȊ ȐșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȕȐȧ ȚȈȒȐȝ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȖȊ ȕȍ șțȡȍșȚȊțȍȚ. ǭȌȐȕșȚȊȍȕȕȖȍ, ȟȚȖ ȕȈȌȖ ȐȔȍȚȤ ȊȊȐȌț, ȥȚȖ țșȓȖȊȐȍ ȕȍȐȏȔȍȕȕȖșȚȐ ȜȖȒțșȕȖȋȖ ȘȈșșȚȖȧȕȐȧ Ȋ ȗȘȖȞȍșșȍ șȢȍȔȒȐ ȖȌȕȖȑ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȣ Ȑ ȕȍȖȉȝȖȌȐȔȖșȚȐ ȚȖȟȕȖȋȖ ȏȕȈȕȐȧ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȜȖȒțșȕȖȋȖ ȘȈșșȚȖȧȕȐȧ, ȗȖșȒȖȓȤȒț ȥȚȖ ȊȍșȤȔȈ șțȡȍșȚȊȍȕȕȣȑ ȗȈȘȈȔȍȚȘ Ȍȓȧ ȗȖȓțȟȍȕȐȐ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȕȣȝ ȐȏȖȉȘȈȎȍȕȐȑ Ȑȏ ȗȓȖșȒȐȝ șȕȐȔȒȖȊ Ȑ ȉȖȓȤȠȐȕșȚȊȖ ȗȘȖȋȘȈȔȔ șȠȐȊȈȕȐȧ ȚȘȍȉțȦȚ ȊȊȖȌȈ ȍȋȖ ȚȖȟȕȖȋȖ ȏȕȈȟȍȕȐȧ.

ǷȖșȓȍ ȌȓȐȚȍȓȤȕȣȝ ȥȒșȗȍȘȐȔȍȕȚȖȊ ș ȘȈȏȓȐȟȕȣȔȐ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȈȔȐ (Ȑ ȗȘȖȋȘȈȔȔȈȔȐ) ȈȊȚȖȘ ȥȚȐȝ

șȚȘȖȒ ȘȍȠȐȓ, ȟȚȖ ȍȔț Ȍȓȧ ȗȖȓțȟȍȕȐȧ șȖșȚȈȊȕȣȝ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔ Ȋ ȕȈȐȉȖȓȤȠȍȑ șȚȍȗȍȕȐ ȗȖȌȝȖȌȧȚ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȣ fish-eye. ǰȝ ț ȈȊȚȖȘȈ ȌȊȈ: Sigma 8 mm F4 EX Ȑ ȕȈȠ ȖȚȍȟȍșȚȊȍȕȕȣȑ Ǵǹ

ǯȍȕȐȚȈȘ-Ǵ 2,8/16 ș ȘȍȏȤȉȖȑ Ǵ42, ȟȚȖ ȗȖȏȊȖȓȧȍȚ țșȚȈȕȈȊȓȐȊȈȚȤ ȍȋȖ ȕȈ ȜȖȚȖȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȣ

Canon ȟȍȘȍȏ ȗȍȘȍȝȖȌȕȖȍ ȒȖȓȤȞȖ. ǷȍȘȊȣȑ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊ Ȋ șȖȟȍȚȈȕȐȐ ș ȞȐȜȘȖȊȣȔ Canon Digital Rebel ȗȖȏȊȖȓȧȍȚ ȗȖȓțȟȈȚȤ ȒȈȒ ȒȘțȋȖȊȣȍ ȞȐȓȐȌȐȕȌȘȐȟȍșȒȐȍ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȣ ș ȖȚȕȖȠȍȕȐȍȔ șȚȖȘȖȕ 3,5/1 ȗȘȐ ȋȖȘȐȏȖȕȚȈȓȤȕȖȑ ȖȘȐȍȕȚȈȞȐȐ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȈ, ȚȈȒ Ȑ șȜȍȘȐȟȍșȒȐȍ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȣ ȗȘȐ ȍȋȖ ȊȍȘȚȐȒȈȓȤȕȖȑ ȖȘȐȍȕȚȈȞȐȐ. ǶȉȢȍȒȚȐȊ ǯȍȕȐȚȈȘ ȧȊȓȧȍȚșȧ, ȗȖȎȈȓțȑ, ȐȌȍȈȓȤȕȣȔ

ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȖȔ Ȍȓȧ ȗȖȓțȟȍȕȐȧ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȕȣȝ ȐȏȖȉȘȈȎȍȕȐȑ ș ȐșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȕȐȍȔ 35-ȔȔ ȗȓȍȕȖȟȕȣȝ 'ȏȍȘȒȈȓȖȒ'. ǰȔȍȍȚșȧ ȚȈȒȎȍ fish-eye ȒȖȕȊȍȘȚȖȘ FC-E8 Ȍȓȧ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȈ Nikon CoolPix 950 (990,

995, 4500, 5000), ș ȗȖȔȖȡȤȦ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȋȖ ȈȊȚȖȘ ȗȖșȚȐȋȈȓ ȕȈȟȈȓȈ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȕȖȑ ȜȖȚȖȋȘȈȜȐȐ. ǵȖ șȍȋȖȌȕȧ ȒȈȟȍșȚȊȖ ȐȏȖȉȘȈȎȍȕȐȑ, ȗȖȓțȟȈȍȔȖȍ ș ȗȖȔȖȡȤȦ ȚȈȒȖȑ ȒȖȔȉȐȕȈȞȐȐ, ȕȍ șȖȗȖșȚȈȊȐȔȖ ș ȚȍȔ, ȟȚȖ ȌȈȍȚ 6-ȔȍȋȈȗȐȒșȍȓȤȕȣȑ ȏȍȘȒȈȓȤȕȣȑ Canon. ǷȖȌȘȖȉȕȍȍ Ȗȉ ȐșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȕȐȐ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȖȊ fish-eye Ȋ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȕȖȑ ȜȖȚȖȋȘȈȜȐȐ Ȕȣ ȘȈșșȒȈȎȍȔ Ȋ ȖȚȌȍȓȤȕȖȑ șȚȈȚȤȍ.

ǰ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȍȍ Ȗȉ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȈȝ. ǹȢȍȔȒȈ Ȋ ȘȍȎȐȔȍ ȈȊȚȖȜȖȒțșȐȘȖȊȒȐ ȕȍ ȌȖȗțșȚȐȔȈ. ǷȍȘȍȌ ȕȈȟȈȓȖȔ șȢȍȔȒȐ ȕȍȖȉȝȖȌȐȔȖ ȗȍȘȍȑȚȐ Ȋ ȘȍȎȐȔ ȘțȟȕȖȑ ȜȖȒțșȐȘȖȊȒȐ Ȑ ȕȍ ȚȘȖȋȈȚȤ ȜȖȒțșȐȘȖȊȖȟȕȖȍ ȒȖȓȤȞȖ ȌȖ ȖȒȖȕȟȈȕȐȐ ȊșȍȋȖ șȍȈȕșȈ ȗȖȓțȟȍȕȐȧ ȐșȝȖȌȕȣȝ șȕȐȔȒȖȊ Ȍȓȧ ȌȈȕȕȖȑ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȣ.

ǺȍȗȍȘȤ Ȗ ȠȚȈȚȐȊȈȝ. ǺȖȟȕȍȍ ȕȍ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ Ȗ ȠȚȈȚȐȊȈȝ, ȕȖ Ȑ Ȗ ȌȘțȋȐȝ țșȚȘȖȑșȚȊȈȝ Ȑ șȗȖșȖȉȈȝ ȜȐȒșȈȞȐȐ ȜȖȚȖȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȈ ȗȘȐ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȕȖȑ șȢȍȔȒȍ.

ǵȍȚȘțȌȕȖ șȌȍȓȈȚȤ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ (3-5) ȗȖșȓȍȌȖȊȈȚȍȓȤȕȣȝ șȕȐȔȒȖȊ, ȊȕȐȔȈȚȍȓȤȕȖ șȓȍȌȧ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȊȐȌȖȐșȒȈȚȍȓȤ ȜȖȚȖȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȈ ȏȈ ȚȍȔ, ȟȚȖȉȣ ȒȈȎȌȣȑ ȗȖșȓȍȌțȦȡȐȑ ȒȈȌȘ ȕȈ 25-30% ȗȍȘȍȒȘȣȊȈȓ ȗȘȍȌȣȌțȡȐȑ Ȑ ȟȚȖȉȣ ȗȘȐ ȥȚȖȔ ȓȐȕȍȑȕȖȍ Ȑ țȋȓȖȊȖȍ ȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȍ ȓȐȕȐȐ ȋȖȘȐȏȖȕȚȈ ȖșȚȈȊȈȓȐșȤ ȕȍȐȏȔȍȕȕȣȔȐ. ǶȌȕȈȒȖ ȍșȓȐ ȘȍȟȤ ȐȌȍȚ Ȗ ȕȍȖȝȖȌȐȔȖșȚȐ ȊȣȗȖȓȕȍȕȐȧ 8-10-12 ȗȖșȓȍȌȖȊȈȚȍȓȤȕȣȝ șȕȐȔȒȖȊ ș ȗȖȊȖȘȖȚȖȔ ȜȖȚȖȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȈ șȚȘȖȋȖ Ȋ ȋȖȘȐȏȖȕȚȈȓȤȕȖȑ ȗȓȖșȒȖșȚȐ ȕȈ ȗȖȓȕȣȍ 360?, ȚȖ ȉȍȏ ȜȖȚȖȠȚȈȚȐȊȈ Ȑ șȗȍȞȐȈȓȤȕȖȑ (ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȕȖȑ) ȋȖȓȖȊȒȐ (ȐȓȐ ȘȈȔȒȐ), ȒȖȚȖȘȈȧ ȗȖȏȊȖȓȐȓȈ ȉȣ ȗȘȐ ȗȍȘȍȝȖȌȍ ȖȚ ȒȈȌȘȈ Ȓ ȒȈȌȘț ȗȖȊȖȘȈȟȐȊȈȚȤ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚ ȕȈ șȚȘȖȋȖ ȖȗȘȍȌȍȓȍȕȕȣȑ țȋȖȓ, ȏȌȍșȤ ȕȍ ȖȉȖȑȚȐșȤ. ǭȌȐȕșȚȊȍȕȕȣȔ ȖșȖȉȣȔ ȚȘȍȉȖȊȈȕȐȍȔ, ȗȘȍȌȢȧȊȓȧȍȔȣȔ Ȓ ȚȈȒȖȔț ȠȚȈȚȐȊț ȧȊȓȧȍȚșȧ, ȗȖȎȈȓțȑ, ȕȈȓȐȟȐȍ Ȋ ȍȋȖ ȒȖȕșȚȘțȒȞȐȐ ȎȐȌȒȖșȚȕȖȋȖ țȘȖȊȕȧ Ȍȓȧ ȕȐȊȍȓȐȘȖȊȈȕȐȧ ȒȘȍȗȍȎȕȖȑ ȗȓȖȡȈȌȒȐ.

Ǫ ȒȈȟȍșȚȊȍ ȋȖȓȖȊȒȐ ȠȚȈȚȐȊȈ Ȍȓȧ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȕȖȑ șȢȍȔȒȐ Ȋ ȗȘȐȕȞȐȗȍ ȔȖȎȕȖ ȐșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȚȤ țȕȐȊȍȘșȈȓȤȕțȦ 3D ȋȖȓȖȊȒț, ȈȕȈȓȖȋȐȟȕțȦ ȐȏȖȉȘȈȎȍȕȕȖȑ ȕȐȎȍ ȔȖȌȍȓȐ Manfrotto/Bogen 3025.

ȅȚȖ ȕȍȌȖȘȖȋȖȍ ȗȘȐșȗȖșȖȉȓȍȕȐȍ ȗȖȏȊȖȓȧȍȚ ȏȈȒȘȍȗȐȚȤ ȜȖȚȖȈȗȗȈȘȈȚ Ȋ ȋȖȘȐȏȖȕȚȈȓȤȕȖȔ ȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȐ ȕȈ ȕȐȊȍȓȐȘțȍȔȖȑ ȋȖȘȐȏȖȕȚȈȓȤȕȖȑ ȗȓȖȡȈȌȒȍ Ȑ ȌȈȎȍ șȓȍȋȒȈ ȖȚȘȍȋțȓȐȘȖȊȈȚȤ ȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȍ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȈ Ȋ ȗȘȖȌȖȓȤȕȖȔ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȓȍȕȐȐ, ȟȚȖ ȕȍȖȉȝȖȌȐȔȖ Ȍȓȧ șȖȖȚȊȍȚșȚȊțȦȡȍȋȖ ȗȖȏȐȞȐȖȕȐȘȖȊȈȕȐȧ ȕȖȌȈȓȤȕȖȑ ȚȖȟȒȐ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȈ. ǫȖȓȖȊȒȈ șȕȈȉȎȍȕȈ ȓȐȔȉȖȔ Ȑ ȔȖȎȍȚ ȗȖȊȖȘȈȟȐȊȈȚȤșȧ Ȋ ȋȖȘȐȏȖȕȚȈȓȤȕȖȑ ȗȓȖșȒȖșȚȐ ȕȈ ȚȘȍȉțȍȔȣȑ țȋȖȓ. DzȈȘȌȈȕȕȈȧ ȒȖȕșȚȘțȒȞȐȧ ȋȖȓȖȊȒȐ ȗȖȏȊȖȓȧȍȚ ȚȈȒȎȍ ȏȈȌȈȚȤ ȚȈȒțȦ ȒȖȕȜȐȋțȘȈȞȐȦ ȒȖȓȍȕ, ȗȘȐ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȑ ȊȖȏȔȖȎȕȖ ȊȍȘȚȐȒȈȓȤȕȖȍ ȏȈȒȘȍȗȓȍȕȐȍ ȜȖȚȖȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȈ. ǯȈȔȍȚȐȔ, ȗȘȈȊȌȈ, ȟȚȖ ȥȚȖ ȌȖșȚȐȎȐȔȖ ȓȐȠȤ Ȍȓȧ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȖȊ ȖȗȘȍȌȍȓȍȕȕȣȝ ȘȈȏȔȍȘȖȊ.

ǷȖȓȍȏȕȣȔ ȌȖȗȖȓȕȍȕȐȍȔ Ȓ ȚȈȒȖȑ ȒȖȔȉȐȕȈȞȐȐ ȠȚȈȚȐȊȈ Ȑ ȋȖȓȖȊȒȐ ȧȊȓȧȍȚșȧ șȗȐȘȚȖȊȖȑ

țȘȖȊȍȕȤ, ȗȖȏȊȖȓȧȦȡȐȑ ȋȖȘȐȏȖȕȚȐȘȖȊȈȚȤ ȜȖȚȖȈȗȗȈȘȈȚ ș ȉȖȓȍȍ ȊȣșȖȒȖȑ șȚȍȗȍȕȤȦ ȚȖȟȕȖșȚȐ. Ǫ ȒȈȟȍșȚȊȍ ȗȘȐȔȍȘȈ ȔȖȎȕȖ ȗȘȐȊȍșȚȐ ȗȘȐȏȔȈȚȐȟȍșȒȐȑ țȘȖȊȍȕȤ Hasselblad,

ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ țșȚȈȕȈȊȓȐȊȈȍȚșȧ ȕȈ 'ȋȖȘȧȟȐȑ ȉȈȠȔȈȒ' ȜȖȚȖȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȈ.

ǵȈȐȓțȟȠȐȍ ȘȍȏțȓȤȚȈȚȣ ȌȖșȚȐȋȈȦȚșȧ, Ȋșȍ Ȏȍ, ȗȘȐ ȐșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȕȐȐ șȗȍȞȐȈȓȤȕȣȝ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȕȣȝ ȘȈȔȖȒ.

ǵȈ ȜȖȚȖȋȘȈȜȐȐ șȊȍȘȝț ȐȏȖȉȘȈȎȍȕȈ ȚȈȒȈȧ ȘȈȔȒȈ Ȍȓȧ ȒȘȍȗȓȍȕȐȧ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȖȊ Nikon Coolpix 950. ǵȈȏȣȊȈȍȚșȧ ȖȕȈ KiWi 900/950 Ȑ ȗȘȖȐȏȊȖȌȐȚșȧ (ȚȖȟȕȍȍ ȗȘȖȐȏȊȖȌȐȓȈșȤ) ȕȍȉȖȓȤȠȖȑ ȈȔȍȘȐȒȈȕșȒȖȑ ȒȖȔȗȈȕȐȍȑ Kaidan, șȗȍȞȐȈȓȐȏȐȘțȦȠȍȑșȧ ȕȈ ȘȈȏȘȈȉȖȚȒȍ Ȑ ȐȏȋȖȚȖȊȓȍȕȐȐ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȕȣȝ ȋȖȓȖȊȖȒ Ȍȓȧ ȜȖȚȖȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȖȊ ȘȈȏȓȐȟȕȣȝ ȚȐȗȖȊ. DzȖȕșȚȘțȒȞȐȧ ȥȚȖȑ ȘȈȔȒȐ ȗȘȍȌșȚȈȊȓȧȍȚ șȖȉȖȑ L-ȖȉȘȈȏȕțȦ șȒȖȉț, ȏȈȒȘȍȗȓȧȍȔțȦ ȕȈ ȜȖȚȖȠȚȈȚȐȊȍ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȗȖȊȖȘȖȚȕȣȑ ȔȍȝȈȕȐȏȔ-ȚȘȍȡȍȚȒț, ȗȖȏȊȖȓȧȦȡȐȑ ȗȖȊȖȘȈȟȐȊȈȚȤ șȒȖȉț Ȋ ȋȖȘȐȏȖȕȚȈȓȤȕȖȑ ȗȓȖșȒȖșȚȐ ȕȈ 360? ȏȈ 18, 14 Ȑ 5 ȘȈȏ Ȋ ȏȈȊȐșȐȔȖșȚȐ ȖȚ ȚȖȋȖ, ȐșȗȖȓȤȏțȍȚșȧ ȓȐ ȜȖȚȖȈȗȗȈȘȈȚ ȓȐȠȤ șȖ ȠȚȈȚȕȣȔ ȏțȔ-ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȖȔ Ȋ ȍȋȖ ȒȖȘȖȚȒȖȜȖȒțșȕȖȔ ȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȐ, țșȚȈȕȖȊȓȍȕ ȓȐ ȕȈ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊ ȠȐȘȖȒȖțȋȖȓȤȕȣȑ ȒȖȕȊȍȘȚȖȘ ȐȓȐ fish-eye ȒȖȕȊȍȘȚȖȘ. Ǫ Ȋȍȝȕȍȑ ȟȈșȚȐ șȒȖȉȣ ȐȔȍȦȚșȧ 2 ȖȚȊȍȘșȚȐȧ Ȑ ȋȖȘȐȏȖȕȚȈȓȤȕȣȑ ȗȈȏ Ȍȓȧ ȒȘȍȗȓȍȕȐȧ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȈ Ȋ șȖȖȚȊȍȚșȚȊȐȐ ș ȜȖȒțșȕȣȔȐ ȘȈșșȚȖȧȕȐȧȔȐ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȈ Ȑ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȈ ș ȒȖȕȊȍȘȚȖȘȈȔȐ. ǵȈ ȋȖȘȐȏȖȕȚȈȓȤȕȖȑ ȗȓȖȡȈȌȒȍ șȒȖȉȣ ȘȈșȗȖȓȖȎȍȕ (ȕȈ șȕȐȔȒȍ ȕȍ ȊȐȌȕȖ) ȌȊțȝȖșȍȊȖȑ șȗȐȘȚȖȊȖȑ țȘȖȊȍȕȤ. ǵȈȌȖ ȖȚȔȍȚȐȚȤ, ȟȚȖ ȒȖȕșȚȘțȒȞȐȐ ȚȈȒȖȑ ȘȈȔȒȐ ȕȍȚ ȕȐȟȍȋȖ ȚȈȒȖȋȖ, ȟȚȖ ȕȍȓȤȏȧ ȉȣȓȖ ȉȣ ȐȏȋȖȚȖȊȐȚȤ șȊȖȐȔȐ șȐȓȈȔȐ ȐȓȐ ȏȈȒȈȏȈȚȤ Ȋ ȔȈșȚȍȘșȒȖȑ. Ǫ ǰȕȚȍȘȕȍȚȍ ȔȖȎȕȖ ȕȈȑȚȐ ȌȖȊȖȓȤȕȖ ȔȕȖȋȖ ȗȘȐȔȍȘȖȊ ȚȈȒȖȋȖ ȕȍȗȘȖȜȐȓȤȕȖȋȖ Ȍȓȧ ȜȖȚȖȋȘȈȜȖȊ ȚȍȝȕȐȟȍșȒȖȋȖ ȚȊȖȘȟȍșȚȊȈ.

ǹȢȍȔȒȈ șȖ ȠȚȈȚȐȊȈ, ȚȍȔ ȉȖȓȍȍ ș țșȚȈȕȖȊȓȍȕȕȖȑ ȕȈ ȕȍȔ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȕȖȑ ȋȖȓȖȊȒȖȑ ȐȓȐ ȘȈȔȒȖȑ, ȉȍȏțșȓȖȊȕȖ ȕȍȖȉȝȖȌȐȔȈ Ȍȓȧ ȗȖȓțȟȍȕȐȧ ȒȈȟȍșȚȊȍȕȕȣȝ ȘȍȏțȓȤȚȈȚȖȊ, Ȉ ȚȖȟȕȍȍ ȐșȝȖȌȕȣȝ ȜȖȚȖșȕȐȔȒȖȊ, ȗȖșȓȍȌțȦȡȍȍ șȠȐȊȈȕȐȍ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȝ Ȋ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔț ȕȍ șȖșȚȈȊȐȚ ȒȈȒȐȝ-ȓȐȉȖ șțȡȍșȚȊȍȕȕȣȝ ȗȘȖȉȓȍȔ ȌȈȎȍ ȗȘȐ ȐșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȕȐȐ ȘȧȌȖȊȣȝ Ȑ ȕȍȌȖȘȖȋȐȝ ȗȘȖȋȘȈȔȔȕȣȝ șȘȍȌșȚȊ.

ǹȓȍȌțȍȚ ȗȘȐȏȕȈȚȤ, ȖȌȕȈȒȖ, ȟȚȖ șȢȍȔȒȈ șȖ ȠȚȈȚȐȊȈ ȕȍ ȊșȍȋȌȈ țȌȖȉȕȈ Ȑ ȌȈȎȍ ȊȖȏȔȖȎȕȈ. Ǫ ȖșȕȖȊȕȖȔ ȥȚȖ ȒȈșȈȍȚșȧ șȢȍȔȒȐ Ȋ ȖȉȡȍșȚȊȍȕȕȣȝ ȔȍșȚȈȝ. ǷȘȐ ȥȚȖȔ ȊȖȏȕȐȒȈȍȚ ȊȖȗȘȖș, ȊȖȏȔȖȎȕȈ ȓȐ șȢȍȔȒȈ ȒȘțȋȖȊȣȝ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔ (ȐȓȐ ȌȈȎȍ șȜȍȘȐȟȍșȒȐȝ) ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔ ȉȍȏ ȠȚȈȚȐȊȈ. ǶȚȊȍȚ - 'ȌȈ', ȊȖȏȔȖȎȕȈ. ǶȌȕȈȒȖ Ȋ ȥȚȖȔ șȓțȟȈȍ ȒȈȒ ȔȐȕȐȔțȔ ȕȍȖȉȝȖȌȐȔȖ ȖȉȏȈȊȍșȚȐșȤ ȚȘȈȌȐȞȐȖȕȕȣȔ (ȗȘȧȔȖțȋȖȓȤȕȣȔ) ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȖȔ ș ȜȖȒțșȕȣȔ ȘȈșșȚȖȧȕȐȍȔ ȕȍ ȉȖȓȍȍ 20 ȔȔ (Ȍȓȧ ȗȓȍȕȖȟȕȖȋȖ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȈ). ȅȚȖ ȗȖȎȈȓțȑ ȚȖȚ ȊȈȘȐȈȕȚ, ȒȖȋȌȈ Ȋȣ ȔȖȎȍȚȍ ȗȖȊȖȘȖȚȣ ȊȔȍșȚȍ

ș ȜȖȚȖȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȖȔ ȌȍȓȈȚȤ ȍȡȍ ȕȈ ȋȓȈȏ, ȚȖ ȍșȚȤ ȕȈ 1/8 ȗȖȓȕȖȋȖ ȒȘțȋȈ. dzȍȋȟȍ ȊșȍȋȖ ȗȖȊȖȘȈȟȐȊȈȚȤșȧ ȕȈ 1/4 ȒȘțȋȈ (Ț.ȍ. ȕȈ 90?), ȕȖ Ȍȓȧ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȊȈȔ țȎȍ ȗȖȕȈȌȖȉȐȚșȧ 16-ȔȔ

fish-eye, Ȑ ȚȖ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȗȘȐ ȋȖȘȐȏȖȕȚȈȓȤȕȖȑ ȖȘȐȍȕȚȈȞȐȐ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȈ. Ǭȓȧ ȞȐȜȘȖȊȣȝ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȖȊ ș 'ȒȘȖȗ-ȜȈȒȚȖȘȖȔ' 1,6 țȎȍ ȕȍ ȖȉȖȑȚȐșȤ ȉȍȏ 8 ȔȔ fish-eye'ȧ.DzȘȖȔȍ ȚȖȋȖ, ȍșȓȐ Ȋȣ ȘȍȠȐȓȐșȤ

șȕȐȔȈȚȤ ȉȍȏ ȠȚȈȚȐȊȈ Ȑ ț ȊȈș țȎȍ ȍșȚȤ ȗȖȌȝȖȌȧȡȐȑ Ȍȓȧ ȥȚȖȑ ȞȍȓȐ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊ, ȊȈȔ șȖȊȍȘȠȍȕȕȖ ȕȍȖȉȝȖȌȐȔ ȎȐȌȒȖșȚȕȣȑ țȘȖȊȍȕȤ, ȕȈȗȖȌȖȉȐȍ ȚȖȋȖ, ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȐȏȖȉȘȈȎȍȕ ȊȣȠȍ.

DzȈȒ Ȏȍ șȕȐȔȈȚȤ? ǵȈȔ ȐȏȊȍșȚȕȖ ȗȖ ȒȘȈȑȕȍȑ ȔȍȘȍ 3 șȗȖșȖȉȈ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȕȖȑ șȢȍȔȒȐ ȉȍȏ ȠȚȈȚȐȊȈ.

ǷȍȘȊȣȑ Ȑȏ ȕȐȝ Ȑ șȈȔȣȑ ȗȘȖșȚȖȑ ȏȈȒȓȦȟȈȍȚșȧ Ȋ ȚȖȔ, ȟȚȖ Ȋȣ ȕȈȔȍȟȈȍȚȍ ȕȈ ȏȍȔȓȍ ȒȈȒȖȑ-ȓȐȉȖ ȖȘȐȍȕȚȐȘ (ȕȈȗȘȐȔȍȘ ȒȈȔȍȠȍȒ), țșȚȖȑȟȐȊȖ ȘȈșȗȖȓȈȋȈȍȚȍșȤ ȕȈȌ ȥȚȐȔ ȖȘȐȍȕȚȐȘȖȔ ȚȈȒȐȔ ȖȉȘȈȏȖȔ, ȟȚȖȉȣ ȗȘȖȍȒȞȐȧ ȕȖȌȈȓȤȕȖȑ ȚȖȟȒȐ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȈ (ȗȘȐ țșȓȖȊȐȐ, ȟȚȖ Ȋȣ ȏȕȈȍȚȍ ȍȍ ȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȍ ȖȚȕȖșȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȒȖȘȗțșȈ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȈ ȐȓȐ ȗȍȘȍȌȕȍȋȖ ȥȓȍȔȍȚȈ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȈ) ȕȈ ȗȖȊȍȘȝȕȖșȚȤ ȏȍȔȓȐ ȒȈȒ ȘȈȏ ȗȘȖȝȖȌȐȓȈ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȕȈȔȍȟȍȕȕȣȑ ȊȈȔȐ ȖȘȐȍȕȚȐȘ, ȚȡȈȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȋȖȘȐȏȖȕȚȐȘțȍȚȍ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚ ș ȗȖȔȖȡȤȦ țȘȖȊȕȧ Ȑ ȗȘȖȐȏȊȖȌȐȚȍ șȢȍȔȒț ȗȍȘȊȖȋȖ ȒȈȌȘȈ. ǷȖșȓȍ ȥȚȖȋȖ, șȚȈȘȈȧșȤ țȌȍȘȎȐȊȈȚȤ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚ ȕȈ ȚȖȑ Ȏȍ ȊȣșȖȚȍ, Ȋȣ ȗȖȊȖȘȈȟȐȊȈȍȚȍșȤ ȗȖ ȟȈșȖȊȖȑ șȚȘȍȓȒȍ ȕȈ 45?, 60? ȐȓȐ 90? (Ȋ ȏȈȊȐșȐȔȖșȚȐ ȖȚ ȐȔȍȦȡȍȋȖșȧ ț ȊȈș ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȈ) Ȑ ș șȖȉȓȦȌȍȕȐȍȔ Țȍȝ Ȏȍ țșȓȖȊȐȑ, ȟȚȖ Ȑ ȊȣȠȍ, ȌȍȓȈȍȚȍ ȊȚȖȘȖȑ ȒȈȌȘ. ǰ ȚȈȒ ȌȈȓȍȍ ȗȖȒȈ ȕȍ ȉțȌȍȚ șȌȍȓȈȕ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȐȑ ȒȈȌȘ Ȋ ȥȚȖȑ șȍȘȐȐ. ǹȖȉȓȦȌȍȕȐȍ șȚȘȖȋȖșȚȐ ȗȖȊȖȘȖȚȖȊ ȏȌȍșȤ ȕȍȖȉȧȏȈȚȍȓȤȕȖ. ǬȖșȚȈȚȖȟȕȖ ȓȐȠȤ ȉȣȚȤ țȊȍȘȍȕȕȣȔ, ȟȚȖ șȕȐȔȒȐ ȌȍȓȈȦȚșȧ ș ȌȖșȚȈȚȖȟȕȣȔ Ȍȓȧ ȗȖșȓȍȌțȦȡȍȋȖ șȠȐȊȈȕȐȧ ȗȍȘȍȒȘȣȚȐȍȔ (ȗȘȐȔȍȘȕȖ 25?-30?). Ǫ ȚȖ Ȏȍ ȊȘȍȔȧ țȋȓȖȊȖȍ ȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȍ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȈ ȖȚȕȖșȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȋȖȘȐȏȖȕȚȈȓȤȕȣȝ Ȗșȍȑ (Ț.ȍ. Ȗșȍȑ ȕȈȒȓȖȕȈ) ȧȊȓȧȍȚșȧ ȊȍșȤȔȈ ȒȘȐȚȐȟȕȣȔ. DzȘȈȑȕȍ ȎȍȓȈȚȍȓȤȕȈ ȚȈȒȎȍ ȔȐȕȐȔȐȏȈȞȐȧ șȔȍȡȍȕȐȑ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȈ ȖȚȕȖșȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȊȈȠȍȋȖ ȖȘȐȍȕȚȐȘȈ ȕȈ ȏȍȔȓȍ. Ǫ ȗȘȖȚȐȊȕȖȔ șȓțȟȈȍ ȊȈȔ ȋȈȘȈȕȚȐȘȖȊȈȕȖ ȕȈȓȐȟȐȍ ȗȈȘȈȓȓȈȒȚȐȟȍșȒȐȝ ȗȖȋȘȍȠȕȖșȚȍȑ ȗȘȐ ȕȈȓȐȟȐȐ Ȋ ȒȈȌȘȍ ȗȘȍȌȔȍȚȖȊ ȗȍȘȍȌȕȍȋȖ ȗȓȈȕȈ. ǭșȓȐ ȊȈȔȐ ȐȏȉȘȈȕ ȐȔȍȕȕȖ ȥȚȖȚ șȗȖșȖȉ șȢȍȔȒȍ, ȉțȌȤȚȍ ȋȖȚȖȊȣ Ȓ ȊȍșȤȔȈ ȏȕȈȟȐȚȍȓȤȕȖȔț ȖȉȢȍȔț ȘȈȉȖȚ ȗȖ șȠȐȊȈȕȐȦ, ȌȈȎȍ ȍșȓȐ Ȋ ȊȈȠȍȔ ȘȈșȗȖȘȧȎȍȕȐȐ ȕȈȝȖȌȐȚșȧ șȈȔȈȧ șȖȊȍȘȠȍȕȕȈȧ ȕȈ șȍȋȖȌȕȧȠȕȐȑ ȌȍȕȤ șȖȖȚȊȍȚșȚȊțȦȡȈȧ ȗȘȖȋȘȈȔȔȈ. ǩȍȏ ȘȍȚțȠȐȘȖȊȈȕȐȧ Ȋ ǼȖȚȖȠȖȗȍ (ȐȓȐ ȒȈȒȖȑ-ȓȐȉȖ ȌȘțȋȖȑ ȗȘȖȋȘȈȔȔȍ, ȗȖȏȊȖȓȧȦȡȍȑ ȘȈȉȖȚȈȚȤ șȖ șȓȖȧȔȐ) ȊȈȔ ȕȍ ȖȉȖȑȚȐșȤ. ǶȌȕȈȒȖ ȗȖȊȖȌȖȊ Ȍȓȧ ȚȖȋȖ, ȟȚȖ ȉȣ ȕȈȗȘȖȟȤ ȖȚȒȈȏȣȊȈȚȤșȧ ȖȚ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȔȍȚȖȌȈ, ȕȍȚ.

ǸȈȏȊȐȚȐȍȔ ȖȗȐșȈȕȕȖȋȖ ȊȣȠȍ ȗȘȖșȚȍȑȠȍȋȖ șȗȖșȖȉȈ ȗȈȕȖȘȈȔȕȖȑ șȢȍȔȒȐ ȉȍȏ ȠȚȈȚȐȊȈ ȧȊȓȧȍȚșȧ Ț.ȕ. ǼȐȓȖȗȖȌ ȗȖ ȐȔȍȕȐ ȗȘȍȌȓȖȎȐȊȠȍȋȖ ȥȚȖȚ șȗȖșȖȉ ǼȐȓȐȗȈ ǽțȘȉȍȑȕȈ șȗȖșȖȉ:

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