ь|6ерите ФРазы' определяющие характеристики и функции микрокомпью-
tlb |
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|
|
|
main characteristics are: |
|
!' Its functions are: |
|
^ |
jt |
is resistant to temperature fluctuations; |
b) |
it |
receives |
data; |
|
c) |
it |
is small in size and weight; |
d) |
it |
does not require special ventilation; |
|
it |
calculates |
the optimum |
conditions; |
f) it |
is reliable and easy to operate; |
g) |
it |
supplies |
signals for the |
control of technological processes. |
Revision Exercise
доделите предложения, обращая внимание на различные значения it (§ 138).
1. In the gaseous state water changes into steam and in the solid state it becomes ice.
2. It is a well-known fact that a solid expands when we heat it. 3. It is known that the Halley comet nucleus is revolving. It com-
pletes one revolution every two-odd |
day. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
4. When the Vega 1 station's TV |
camera took the first photo of the |
Halley comet, it took ten long minutes to |
see |
the radio |
waves |
bringing |
the photos to the Earth. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5. As it is 380,000 kilometres |
from |
|
the |
Earth to |
the Moon, |
it |
takes the light from the Moon about |
a second and a half to reach us. |
6. It is now possible for a scientist to |
find a book or an |
article |
he |
necds very quickly with the help of computer |
systems existing in |
libraries. |
7. It can be said that everything |
that is |
being done |
in the |
develop- |
ro^t of a new progressive technology is the result of our scientists' and engineers* joint effort.
ЗАКОНЧИВ РАБОТУ НАД УРОКОМ 18, ВЫ ДОЛЖНЫ ЗНАТЬ:
i t ^ f иравила чтения.
*Р®<матический материал: образование и способы перевода инфинигив- 2 ^ оборотов: объектного, субъектного и предложного с for.
пл.0Ва' ^Деленные для запоминания, и глаголы, которые вводят °бьектный и субъектный инфинитивные обороты, с. 235—236.
Вы должны знать 429 слов и выражений.
КОНТРОЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ И УПРАЖНЕНИЯ НА ПОВТОРЕНИЕ ПРОЙДЕННОГО ГРАММАТИЧЕСКОГО МАТЕРИАЛА (УРОКИ
1.Какие формы и функции герундия вы знаете и как эти переводятся на русский язык?
2.Какие формы и функции причастий вы знаете и как эти ф0Г1
переводятся |
на русский язык? |
|
|
^ |
3. Каковы формальные |
признаки |
независимого |
причастного |
обопл», |
и как этот |
оборот |
переводится |
на русский |
язык? |
^ |
4.Какие формы инфинитива вы знаете?
5.Из чего состоит объектный инфинитивный оборот (сложное дополнение)?
6.После каких глаголов употребляется объектный инфинитивнщ
оборот и как он переводится на русский язык?
7.Из чего состоит субъектный инфинитивный оборот (сложное
подлежащее)?
8. Назовите три случая употребления субъектного инфинитивного оборота и укажите способы его перевода на русский язык.
9. Как переводится оборот for + Infinitive на русский язык?
Review Exercises
(Lessons 16-18)
I.Определите в предложениях формы н функции глагольных форм. оканчивающихся на -ing (Participle I или the Gerund). Предложена*
переведите.
1. |
Flying into cosmos has been man's age-old dream. |
2. |
Launching the first spaceship into outer space was one of the |
greatest victories of man over nature. |
3. |
Launching artificial satellites we obtain the information about the |
Sun's |
radiation, about other planets, etc. |
4. |
As one knows, the idea of creating a multistage rocket belongs ю |
Tsiolkovsky. |
5. |
Having made a great number of calculations Tsiolkovsky n0te<^ |
that it would be the rocket which would be able to reach outer space. 6. Our scientists have succeeded in putting Tsiolkovsky's ideas 'nt0
practice. |
Y. Gagarin's b*v' |
7. On April 12, 1961, the whole world learned of |
ing accomplished successfully the first cosmic flight. |
- |
8. We learned of the spaceship having been launched from Bai*00^ cosmodrome.
After being in flight for 108 minutes the spaceship landed on the
tory |
Saratov |
region. |
Without |
studying space processes a full understanding of phe- |
-a taking |
place on |
our Earth is impossible. |
The information obtained during the 237-day long space flight is ^gat benefit for science and national economy, about 500 experiments jiving been made and 25,000 photos having been taken during the
fligbt
12. One of the tasks of space flights is proving that the condition of vvei$dessness does not prevent man from working, thinking, eating and
sleeps
Определите функции глагольных форм с окончанием -td |
(Past Indefinite, Par- |
ticipl* II). Предложения переведите. |
|
|
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|
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|
Machine Technologist |
|
|
|
|
|
If you have |
to make a certain machine |
part, |
just |
get a |
drawing |
of |
the wanted part |
and indicate the material to |
be |
used. |
The |
rest will |
be |
performed by a cybernetic machine technologist and a programme-con- trolled lathe, everything being done much quicker than by a most qualified worker.
A programme-controlled lathe |
does the job of |
a |
qualified |
turner, |
but |
it has to be supplied with a |
full programme |
of |
work. |
So far |
the |
programme is prepared by a qualified programming engineer. When developed, the technology of a certain machine part is presented as a due sequence of all movements of the cutter and the value and directions of
ibese movements. |
The programme is printed on a special card |
in the |
form of |
a digital |
code. |
|
|
|
|
The work of a |
programming engineer is a process involving numer- |
ous calculations. The machine technologist proved to be able to |
do the |
unction of a programming engineer perfectly well. |
|
|
|
®*Р*ведите предложения: |
|
|
|
|
1- The history |
of |
automatic computers is believed to |
haveT started |
»n Charles Babbage |
who was a professor of mathematics |
at Cambridge |
^versity. |
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|
|
|
|
hi |
o u r a ge |
0 f |
a t o m j c |
energy the number of |
calculations |
to be |
^ ^ |
,s |
enormous. |
|
|
|
|
|
fjy. |
• Computing |
equipment |
is considered to make |
production |
process |
c |
effective. |
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4. |
To programme a computer is to analyse the problem to be |
|
and to |
make a plan for solving it. |
|
5. |
Computers permit people to perform such tasks that would |
|
wise be unthinkable. |
** |
6. |
Mini-computers are known to be used as a part of the robots |
|
digital |
programme control technological equipment. |
^ |
7.Being comparatively young, bionics has already great signifies for communication technique, for computers and other fields of electronics.
8.There are several methods of heating thermonuclear fuel to the re
quired |
temperature, one of them employing |
the |
laser. |
9. Sound is known to travel in water at |
the |
speed of about a nuie a |
second, |
the exact speed depending upon the temperature of water. |
10. |
One cannot expect |
a complicated problem of using solar energy |
to be solved in a year or |
so. |
|
|
11. |
When completed the chemical plant |
will |
yield hundreds of tons |
of products. |
|
|
|
12. |
The approach to this problem was supposed to be wrong. |
13. |
Machines of tomorrow are certain to decrease the labour intensity |
of some production processes and to cut the quantity of metal used by
almost |
25 per cent. |
|
|
|
14. |
The machine tools of the new type |
must have helped the work- |
ers |
of |
the shop to improve their labour productivity. |
|
15. |
The machinery to be installed in our |
shop is |
likely to be put into |
operation next week. |
|
|
|
16. |
Each fission enables us to get two |
or three |
fresh neutrons thai |
may |
cause another fission. |
|
|
17.An increase in temperature can make an atom lose or gain an electron.
18.The aim of any research is to enlarge the possibility offered b) modern science and to make nature serve man.
РАЗГОВОРНЫЕ ТЕМЫ
|
|
|
1. MEET1 MY FAMILY |
|
|
What's your |
|
- » |
— My name is Victor |
name? |
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|
|
|
Petrov. |
|
|
Как |
вас |
зовут? |
|
|
Меня зовут Виктор |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Петров. |
|
|
How |
old |
are |
you? |
- » |
— I am 24 years old. |
Сколько |
вам |
лет? |
|
|
Мне 24 |
года. |
|
_ What's your |
job? |
— |
» |
— I am a mechanic. |
|
Кем |
вы |
работаете? |
|
|
Я механик. |
|
Our family is not large. Father, Mother, |
my wife and |
me. |
|
I'll start with myself. My name is Victor Petrov. I |
was bom2 |
in |
Novgorod. When I was 16 years old |
our family moved to St |
Petersburg. At |
the age3 of 18 after leaving school |
I served |
in the army for two years. |
When I returned from the |
army I went to work as a mechanic at a plant |
I'm married4 My wife's name is Helen. She |
studies at a medical college, |
she is going to5 become a medical nurse in |
two years. |
|
|
My father's name is Andrew. He is an architect. He is 45. He is |
a |
veiy good specialist in his |
line.6 My |
mother's |
name is Julia. She is about |
years |
old |
but |
looks much younger. She's tall and slender. With her |
^hair and brown eyes she looks very attractive, besides she is always
well-dressed. |
She |
wears glasses because she is |
short-sighted. |
She works |
** a teacher |
at a |
technical college. My parents |
are very busy |
people but |
°*У find time for a theatre, exhibitions and of course for their friends.
We iive jn a mcKjern |
block of flats. There are three rooms in our |
JJ1-" a dining room, two |
bedrooms, a kitchen, a bathroom and a toilet, |
flat |
has |
all modern |
conveniences — gas, central heating, cold and |
'running water and a telephone. |
We are a |
friendly |
family. |
|
|
|
|
Notes on the Text |
v |
-1. |
встречать; |
2. |
знакомиться |
•toy family — Познакомьтесь с моей семьей
2. be born — родиться
3. at the age of... — в возрасте...
4.be married — бьггъ женатым; быть замужем get married — жениться; выйти замуж
|
be |
single — быть холостым (незамужней) |
5. |
be |
going to + глагол — собираться, намереваться что-л. делать |
6. |
in |
bis line — в своей области |
|
Words to Be Learnt |
start v начинать |
find v найти, находить |
leave v уезжать, покидать; |
of course конечно |
зд. закончить (школу) |
flat л квартира |
serve v служить |
block of flats многоквартирный дом |
forprep. 1.для; 2. за; 3. втечете,cory так какconvenience п удобство |
plant л 1. завод; 2. растение |
central heating аентральное отопление |
study v учиться, изучать |
running water водопровод |
become v стать, становиться |
dining room л столовая |
look v 1. смотреть; 2. выглядеть |
bedroom л спальня |
besides adv кроме того |
kitchen л кухня |
busy а занятый |
bathroom л ванная комната |
Members of the Family and Other Relatives |
(Члены семьи и другие родственники) |
parents родители |
brother брат |
mother мать |
sister сестра |
grandmother бабушка |
husband муж |
father отец |
wife жена |
grandfather дедушка |
uncle дядя |
son сын |
aunt тетя |
grandson внук |
niece племянница |
daughter дочь |
nephew племянник |
granddaughter внучка |
cousin двоюродный брат или сестра |
|
Names of Professions |
actor (actress) актер (актриса) |
mechanic механик |
architect архитектор |
policeman полицейский |
artist (= painter) художник |
reporter корреспондент, репортер |
businessman бизнесмен |
scientist ученый |
clerk служащий |
shop assistant продавец |
cleaner уборщик, уборщица |
teacher преподаватель |
driver водитель |
typist машинистка |
economist экономист |
waiter официант |
engineer инженер |
worker рабочий |
librarian библиотекарь |
writer писатель |
manager управляющий |
|
допросы и отвечая на ню, используйте слова и выражения, данные к теме.
|
qeM вы занимаетесь? |
Чем занимается ваш(а)...? |
^ |
do you do? |
What does your father do? |
W s |
your job? |
What's your mother's job? |
|
Уо и г ««"P®1 »0 1 17 |
What's your brother's occupation? |
Hhave... = I have got (I've got)...— У меня есть...
1не (she) has... = He (she) has got...— У него (у нее) есть...
We've got a daughter.
We haven't got a daughter.
Have you got a son?
What
His sister is
Her brother is
He (she) has got two uncles.
He (she) has not got any aunts.
Has he (she) got any children?
does she (he) look like?
pretty (beautiful) — симпатичная, хорошенькая (красивая)
tall (short, middle-sized) высокая (низкого роста, среднего роста)
young (middle-aged, old) — молодой (среднего возраста, старый)
thin (stout) — худощавый (полный, тучный)
handsome (good-looking) — красивый, (симпатичный)
fair hair and grey eyes — светлые волосы и серые глаза
grey (white) hair and black eyes — седоватые (седые) волосы и черные таза
m |
red hair and brown eyes — рыжие волосы |
|
и карие глаза |
Прочтите диалоги и выучите их: |
|
Dialogue |
1 |
CLERK: What are your names, please? |
|
BELOV: My name is Vladimir Belov |
and these gentlemen are x |
Black and Mr. Hendrick. |
^ |
C.: Where are you from?
B.: Fm from Russia, Mr. Black is from the USA and Mr. Hendrick •
from Germany. |
|
ц |
C.: You are on business' here, aren't you? |
B.: Yes, we have come to the international conference. |
C.: What's |
your occupation? |
|
B.: We are |
scientists. |
|
|
C.: Welcome to2 our country! You are |
waited for in the main hall. |
B.: Thank you very |
much. |
|
|
|
Dialogue |
2 |
|
(Victor |
meets his schoolfriend |
in Nevsky Avenue.) |
PETER: Hello, Victor! Glad to meet you!1 How are you getting on?2
VICTOR: Hi! |
Fm quite all right, thanks. Now |
I work and |
study. And |
P.: Not |
what |
about you?3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
bad |
at |
all. I |
work as a |
clerk in |
a |
firm |
and |
learn English after |
work. |
|
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|
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|
|
K: Are you married or single? |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
P.: Oh, |
I'm |
so |
busy |
that |
I have |
no |
time |
to |
get |
married. And where do |
you |
study? |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
V.: At the North-Western |
Polytechnical |
Institute. I'm an |
evening |
student |
P.: Tell me about your Institute, please. |
|
|
|
|
|
V.: Fm |
very |
sony, |
I'm |
in a hurry5 |
now. I'll phone |
you. I |
know yo^ |
telephone |
number. Goodbye! |
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P.: Bye! |
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|
Dialogue 3 |
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|
|
|
|
CLERK: Come |
in, please... It's |
Mr. Green, |
isn't |
it? |
|
|
MR. GREEN: Yes, that's right I'm John Gordon Green. How do you <*>• C.: How do you do? Please, sit down. So you want to get a job,
you? I've got your application form.' I want to check2 the mfofl0* tion. You are 26, aren't you?
G.: Yes, I am. And I'm not married.
С.: You' finished school and a technical college. Am I right? з
Yes, you a*6- I |
studied |
at a technical college for three years. |
0- yoU can speak |
French |
well, can't you? |
дл<1 German, a |
little. |
|
Ybu write |
you |
worked |
as a. mechanic. |
yes> I did. |
I repaired |
cars. |
%Thank you, Mr. Green. We'll consider your application and send the answer by post.
Words and Expressions to Be Learnt
I i be |
(come) on |
|
business — быть (приезжать) по |
делам |
|
|
2. Welcome |
to... — Добро пожаловать в... |
|
|
|
|
1. Glad |
to meet |
|
y o u ! — Р а д встретиться с |
тобой! |
|
|
|
2. Bow |
are |
you |
|
getting on? — Как |
дела? |
|
|
|
|
3. And |
what about you? — А |
как |
ты? |
|
|
|
|
|
4. I'm |
very |
sorry — я очень сожалею |
|
|
|
|
|
5. be |
io |
a |
hurry " t o |
hurry — торопиться, |
спешить |
|
|
j. i. application form — заявление |
(зд. о |
приеме на |
работу) |
|
2. check |
v — проверять, уточнять |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3. be |
right |
(be |
wrong) — быть |
правым |
(ошибаться, быть |
неправым) |
Am |
I |
right? |
— Я |
прав? |
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EXERCISES |
|
|
|
1. Закончите вопросы н ответьте на них. |
|
|
|
Model: Your father |
is a reporter, |
isn't he? |
Yes, |
he |
is. |
|
|
You are not a painter, are you? No, I'm |
not |
|
|
You have got a family, haven't you? Yes, I have. |
|
|
She |
hasn't |
got sisters |
or |
brothers, |
has she? |
_ |
|
No, |
she |
hasn't |
|
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|
|
1- Mr. Petrov, you are from Russia, |
? |
|
|
Mr. Petrov's wife is not a typist, |
? |
|
|
Mr. Petrov, you have got parents |
? |
|
|
My |
friend |
hasn't got |
any |
children, |
? |
|
|
5. My mother was born in Moscow, |
? |
|
|
You were |
not |
present |
at |
the |
meeting, |
|
? |
|
^ Заявляйте |
пропуски предлогами, |
где |
необходимо: |
|
|
^ |
••• the |
age |
of |
seven I |
went |
to |
school. |
|
|
^ |
My |
girlfriend |
studies |
... a technical college. |
|
' |
His |
father |
served ... the |
army ... two |
years. |
|
4. |
We |
moved ... a new flat last year. |
5. |
We |
live ... a flat ... all modern conveniences. |
6. |
I entered ... the Polytechnical Institute some months ago |
7. |
I'm going to become an engineer ... five years. |
3. Ответьте на вопросы по содержанию текста:
1. What's the name and surname of the man who is telling ц$ 3l his family?
2. |
Is Victor Petrov's family large or not? |
3. |
Where and when was Victor born? |
4. |
What did Victor do after leaving school? |
5. |
How long did he serve in the army? |
6. |
What did he do after he returned home? |
7. |
When did he enter the North-Westem Polytechnical Institute? |
8.What is he going to become?
9.What's his wife's name?
10.Does she work or study?
11.Have they got any children?
12.What can you say about Victor's father (his name, his age, his cupation)?
13. What do you know about Victor's mother?
4.Ответьте на вопросы no теме "Meet My Family":
1.What's your name (surname)?
2. |
Please spell (назовите no буквам) your name and surname. |
3. |
Have you got a family? |
4. |
What's your mother's (father's, sister's) name? |
5.How old are you?
6.How old is your mother (father, sister, brother)?
7.What's your job?
8.What does your father (mother) do?
9.Does your brother (sister) work or study?
10.Do you work and study?
11.Where does your sister (brother) study or work?
12.What do you want to become?
13.Are you married or single?
14.What kind of house do you live in?
15.What kind of flat have you got?
16.Does your flat have all modern conveniences?
17.Can you say that you are a friendly family?
