Fuel warning light
Many cars have a fuel warning light. When the level of fuel (petrol) in the tank is very low, this light switches on and the driver can see that he needs more petrol. How does this light work?
When the level of the fuel falls, the float moves downwards. When this happens, the arm also moves downwards and makes the lever touch an electrical contact. This switches on the fuel light in the car.
When the driver sees the fuel warning light, he puts more petrol into the tank. This makes the fuel level rise and pushes the float upwards. When the float rises, it makes the arm move upwards and this causes the lever to move upwards also. The fuel warning light then switches off.
EXЕRCISES
I. Read the text and follow the information.
II. What do the letters in the diagrams refer to? (Look at the words in italics in the passage.)
Example: (a) This is called a light,
III. Answer these questions:
1. When does the fuel warning light go on?
2. Why does the float go down?
3. What makes the lever move downwards?
4. Does the float go up or down when the fuel level rises?
5. When does the lever move upwards?
TEST I
I. Give the Russian for:
highway
macadam road surface
pavement
turnpike
network
truck
van
car safety features
drive in(s)
toll road
mobile
engine
wheel
axle
steering mechanism
II. Translate into Russian:
1. Modern highway design entails careful study of soil, the topography of the intended route, and the drainage systems around the roadway.
2. Road traffic accidents have become a particular problem in Great Britain.
3. A new type of engine for sports cars will have been produced by the end of the year.
4. The company offers road pavers on crawlers and on wheels, with diesel-hydraulic or diesel-electric drive systems.
5. New forms of city transport may involve buses on specially constructed reserved tracks.
6. A mobile road safety barrier, developed in Germany, has been used to provide traffic management on road repair project.
7. Macadams made with tar have been used for many years for surfacing lorry parks and depots because the solvency effect of light petroleum residues on tar is minimal.
8. The national expressways which are fully access controlled must be frequently separated from other crossing roads.
9. Transportation problems of the big cities can be solved by better organization of conventional means of transport.
10. The automobile has been described as either a menace to civilization or a symbol of personal freedom.
Test II
I. Give the Russian for:
carriage
vehicle
filling station
freight
straight truck
articulated truck
coupling
coach
crankshaft torque
friction
rigid pavement
lubrication
facilities
sub-grade
reciprocating engine
II. Translate into Russian:
1. India has the third largest road network in the world.
2. For new roads, our products help stabilize soil, provide drainage, and separate layers of stone from sub-grades.
3. A flexible pavement has the advantage of being easy to build and repair, its asphalt binder is both waterproof and plastic.
4. A single overweight truck passing over a section of roadway can cause more damage than an entire day’s volume on a typical interstate highway.
5. To use more glass in a modern motor vehicle means improvement of visibility.
6. Demand for road transport in Europe has constantly outpaced the development of the road network, in particular for motorways and express links.
7. A driver must not assume that a car’s engine, brakes, lights and steering system always operate properly.
8. Axle assemblies of heavy trucks may be made up of two or more axles, any of which may be powered.
9. The simplest automobile transmission is the sliding-spur gear type with three or more forward speeds and reverse.
10. Surely no one will disagree that the car has given millions of people more options of where to live and work and opened up greater access to social and economic opportunity.