Posobie po grammatike

28.When I (go) out this morning, the sun (shine) and the birds (sing). It was a beautiful morning. I (walk) to the nearest park and sat down on the grass. But while I (sit) there, black clouds gathered and (hide) the sun. It (begin) to rain heavily, so I (run) home. My hat (fall) off as I (run).

29.She (lie) in bed when she (hear) a sudden noise. She (open) her eyes in horror. Someone (open) a downstairs window; they (try) to get into her house. She (climb) slowly out of bed and (creep) to the door. She (stand) very still and listening carefully when she (see) a light downstairs. It (move) about as if someone (hold) a torch and searching for something. She (know) that they (look) for her.

30.Jack's father (read) a book last night when he (hear) a noise in the garden. He (open) the window and looked out. It (be) a dark night and at first he could see nothing. But just as he (shut) his window, he (see) a man. The man (try) to climb over the garden wall. He was a thief. When he saw Jack's father at the window, he (jump) off the wall and ran away. Jack's father (run) after him. There was a car at the end of the street. The thief reached the car but just as he (get) into it, Jack's father (catch) him.

Ex. 76 Translate into English:

1.Вчера в девять часов вечера я смотрел телевизор.

2.Когда мы вышли на улицу, шел снег.

3.Когда я впервые встретил мою невесту, она работала в школе.

4.Она накрывала на стол, когда мы пришли.

5.С кем Вы разговаривали, когда я позвонил Вам?

6.Я часто ходил в эту библиотеку, когда работал в этом районе.

7.Мы встретились с ним в то время, когда я стояла на автобусной остановке.

8.Вчера мы весь день гуляли в парке.

9.Что Вы делали вчера весь вечер?

10.Почему Вы разговаривали с ним так долго? Мы Вас ждали.

11.Где Вы останавливались, когда жили в Лондоне?

12.Я вовсе не пытался обвинить Вас в чем-либо. Я лишь обрисовал

ситуацию, в которой мы находимся.

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13.Внезапно он понял, что подъезжает к нужной остановке.

14.Он нашел этот снимок, когда искал какую-то старую книгу.

15.Я как раз открывал Ваше письмо, когда зазвонил телефон. Я подняла трубку. Это был мой старый приятель.

16.Когда я сошел с поезда, Маргарет ждала меня на платформе. На ней было новое пальто, и выглядела она чудесно. Когда она увидела меня, она помахала мне рукой. Я не слышал, что она кричала – было слишком шумно.

17.Когда Пол открыл дверь, его жена сидела в кресле. У нее на коленях лежала открытая книга, но она не читала.

1.11. COMPARISON OF THE PAST SIMPLE,

THE PRESENT SIMPLE AND THE PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE

Ex. 77 Choose the correct sentence or phrase for the situation: Model:

Susie: … well, what about yesterday?

a)Alex: Well, I haven’t done anything special.

b)Alex: Well, I didn’t do anything special. Susie: That’s a pity.

1.Teresa: Can you come to the pub?

a)Mary: No, I’ve just washed my hair.

b)Mary: No, I washed my hair.

Teresa: What a shame, maybe you can join us later.

2.Juan: Why couldn’t you come to the pub last week? a) Alice: I’ve washed my hair.

b) Alice: I washed my hair.

Juan: What a shame, maybe you can join us this week.

3.Matthew: I love travelling.

a) Francesca: Really? Have you ever been to Paris?

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b) Francesca: Really? Did you ever go to Paris? Matthew: Oh yes, several times.

4. Satoshi: I lived in the south of France for a year.

a)Bob: Really? Have you ever been to Paris?

b)Bob: Really? Did you ever go to Paris? Satoshi: Oh yes, several times.

Ex. 78 Read the text. Correct the underlined parts if necessary.

Last week my classmates and I went on an excursion to the toy museum in London. We 1) have left the school at 10 o'clock and reached the museum at 11 so we 2) have had plenty of time to look around. The section I 3) very much liked was the dolls. There was even one from my country. On the other hand Andrew and Mehmet really liked the model railway. George and Hiroshi 4) spended most of the time looking at the tiny soldiers. We all really loved the collection of teddy bears. We had lunch in a café and 5) travel back to school by double-decker bus. It was a very nice trip. Afterwards I 6) thinked that children all the world over are really the same.

Ex. 79 Match the beginning of each sentence with its correct ending a or b:

Ex. 80 Put the beginnings and ends together:

Sometimes a phrase can enter more than one sentence.

Ex. 82 Rewrite the sentences following the pattern it is ... since:

e.g. It is ten years since I (last) met him, or It is ten years since I've met him.

! The difference between these two sentences, if any, is in the emphasis:

It is ten years since I (last) met him = I last met him ten years ago. It is ten years since I've met him. = I haven't met him for ten years.!

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1.I haven't been to an eye-specialist for three years.

2.I left school two years ago.

3.My father hasn't smoked for a month.

4.John Lennon was shot dead on December 8, 1980.

5.The company last made a profit in 1991.

6.I last had a cold in the autumn.

7.We haven't corresponded for more than eight years.

8.I haven't been to Irkutsk for thirty years.

9.My best friend last phoned me on Monday.

10.Alexander Bell invented his talking machine (telephone) in 1876.

11.He had his car accident a year ago.

12.I lost my job last month.

13.I've been out of work for a year.

14.We haven't heard from him for a fortnight.

15.She hasn't taken exams for 15 years.

Ex. 83 Read the passages and make up conclusions using the pattern it is ...

since:

e.g. Americans love to eat peanut butter. It is a food that is truly "American". Peanut butter started in 1890 in St. Louis. A doctor gave peanut butter to patients who couldn't eat regular food.  It's more than a century since peanut butter has been a favorite of Americans, or It's 112 years since a doctor gave peanut butter to his patients.

1.Columbus arrived in America in 1492 and called the people with dark skin Indians. This was a mistake but the name stuck.

2.The people who came after Columbus from Europe did not understand the "native" Americans. For the next 400 years they fought with each other. The Native

Americans lost their land and the U.S. government made them live on reservations.

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3.In 1924 a law made the Indians U.S. citizens.

4.In 1620, the Mayflower, a boat with 102 men, woman and children on board, sailed across the Atlantic Ocean to settle in the New World.

5.In the autumn of 1621 rich crops were harvested. The colonists had much to be thankful for and they invited their Indian neighbors for the first Thanksgiving feast.

6.Thanksgiving became a national holiday many years later due to a woman named Sarah Hale. For 50 years she wrote to each president and asked for a holiday of Thanksgiving. At last she succeeded. In 1863, President Lincoln declared Thanksgiving a holiday.

Ex. 84 Answer the questions:

a)1. How many lessons have you been absent from this week? 2. What theatres have you been to this year?

3. How much money have you spent today?

4. How many people have you got acquainted with this year? 5. What has the weather been like this month?

6. How long have you lived here?

7. What new places have you been to this year? 8. Have you been abroad recently?

9. Have you lost anything recently?

10. Which of your relatives have you seen more than twice this month? 11. How many phone calls have you made since morning?

12. Have you been to the dean this week?

13. Have you been to a disco this month?

b)1. Did you have breakfast this morning?

2.What did you have for breakfast?

3.Did you sleep well tonight? How long did you sleep?

4.How did you get to the University today?

5.When did you speak on the phone last?

6.Did you wear earrings at school?

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7.Did you belong to any society at school?

8.Do you know the years when the group ABBA was popular?

9.When were you at the disco last?

10.Where did you date last?

11.When did you fall in love first?

12.When did you write a letter last?

Ex. 85 Complete these sentences in any way you like in accordance with the tense forms and time signals:

1.I've often _____________________________________________________

2.I've never______________________________________________________

3.I've had ________________________ for____________________________

4.I've_______________________________________________________times.

5.I________________________________________________times last months.

6.I've been__________________________________________________ since.

7.I've never been__________________________________________________

8.I always________________________ when___________________________

9.I've always______________________________________________________

10.I _______________________________________________ until I was 15.

11.I've_____________________________________________________for ages.

12.I never______________________________________when I was at school.

13.I__________________________________________________all this week.

14.I__________________________________________________all last week.

15.I haven't_________________________________________________yet.

Ex. 86 Complete the sentences with appropriate verbs. Use either the Present Perfect Simple or the Past Simple.

1.Why_____________your coat? It's cold here.

2.Jean____________the tickets. We'll have to go back for them.

3.I ___________ for you outside the cinema for half an hour, but he didn't come.

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7.Katie is terribly upset. She_____________ her engagement to Megan.

8.I_________________more money in my last job.

9.I ________________you in the cafe.

10.You_______________in. So I____________a note under your door.

11.During our voyage I______________a few photos of the cliffs.

12.My sister_______so much weight that she can't borrow my clothes any more.

13.I______________to play hockey since 1 broke my ankle.

14.Gary_____________rather gloomy recently. Anything wrong with him?

15.Do you know that our teacher__________the class to her house on Sunday? – Are you going there?

16.Do you know that our teacher____________the class to her house on Sunday? – Did you go there?

Ex. 87 Put a tick () if the sentence is right and correct it if it is wrong:

1.It's a pity I didn't save anything for Christmas. The children will be disappointed.

2.This is the first time I've driven a car.

3.We have had dinner at the Festival Hall.

4.I've often wondered why she looks so young.

5.It has been a year since he earned any money.

6.Could you ride a horse? — I think so, though I didn't ride one since I left school.

7.The police have recaptured the prisoners who have escaped from the prison.

8.He didn't smoke for two weeks but then he began smoking again.

9.Then I graduated from the University and moved to Barnaul and have lived here ever since.

10.Henry Ford has used an assembly line method to produce cars.

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11.Jazz was created by black Americans.

12.My best congratulations! They say your daughter has made up a new method of learning languages.

13.Do you know how many roles Julia Roberts played?

14.I can't walk, I hurt my leg.

15.Good news! Linda's had a baby.

16.I've never enjoyed a party as much as this one.

Ex. 88 Here are some notes on the use of the Present Perfect Simple and the Past Simple. Write the numbers of the notes in the correct part of the notebook:

1.with since and a time reference to say when something, which is till happening, started.

2.to talk about an event which has a present result.

3.to talk about an event which happened at a specific time in the past.

4.to talk about an event which you introduce by saying, “this is the first time …” .

Ex. 89 Here are some statements about Britain. Correct any of the verbs in italics which are incorrect:

e.g. Queen Victoria has lived in Britain. lived

1.Brian was a member of the EC since 1973. ______

2.Shakespeare has written many plays. _______

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