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SECRETS

OF WORDFORMATION

Сборник тестовых заданий по английскому языку

для студентов всех специальностей

Йошкар-Ола

2009

SECRETS

OF WORDFORMATION

Сборник тестовых заданий по английскому языку

для студентов всех специальностей

Издание второе, стереотипное

Йошкар-Ола Марийский государственный технический университет

2009

УДК 802.0 (075.8)

ББК 81.2Англ-9 S 34

Рецензент: кандидат филологических наук, доцент кафедры иностранных языков МарГТУ И. В. Тер-Авакян

Печатается по решению редакционно-издательского совета МарГТУ

S 34 Secrets of wordformation: сборник тестовых заданий по английскому языку для студентов всех специальностей / сост. О. И. Чередниченко, М. М. Никеева. – 2-е изд., стереотип. – Йошкар-Ола: Марийский государственный технический университет, 2009. – 56 с.

Сборник “Secrets of Wordformation” представляет систему тренировочных тестовых заданий, контролирующих компетенции учащихся в области словообразования и других аспектов лексики и грамматики английского языка. Все задания составлены на основе аутентичного материала. Сборник снабжен приложениями, включающими справочный материал по основным способам словообразования и ключи, что дает возможность использовать его для самостоятельной работы студентов.

УДК 802.0 (075.8)

ББК 81.2Англ-9

© Марийский государственный

технический университет, 2009

2

Оглавление

 

PART 1 ...........................................................................................................

4

PART 2 ..........................................................................................................

17

KEY ...............................................................................................................

37

Библиографический список ........................................................................

42

Приложение 1. Значения префиксов и суффиксов ...................................

43

Приложение 2. Префиксы существительных, глаголов,

 

прилагательных и наречий..........................................................................

44

Приложение 3. Суффиксы существительных, глаголов,

 

прилагательных и наречий..........................................................................

50

3

PART 1

Прочитайте приведенные ниже тексты. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные жирным шрифтом так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста

TEXT 1

WORKING HOLIDAYS

Working holidays give you a (1)_______

1. WONDER

opportunity to visit some places which are (2)

2. FAME

_______ for their natural (3) _______ and to

3. BEAUTIFUL

help restore and protect the (4) _______ there.

4. ENVIROMNEMTAL

You can repair damaged footpaths in the area

 

 

or clear some of the (5) _______ waste from

5. POISON

local rivers.

6. DIFFICULTY

The work will sometimes be (6)_______,

but never (7) _______, and at the end of the

7. DANGER

day, you will have the (8) _______ of

8. PLEASED

knowing that you have helped to tackle some

 

 

of the (9) _______ facing our countryside in

9. PROBLEMATIC

the 21st century. We’ll provide you with basic,

 

 

but comfortable accommodation; all the

 

 

(10)_______ food and drink for you stay, and

10. NECESSITY

plenty of hot water for showers!

 

 

TEXT 2

 

 

MICROSCOPE

 

 

There is no doubt whatsoever that the

 

 

(1)_______ of the microscope revolutionized

1.

INVENT

science in many ways. Once microscopes

 

 

were available (2) _______ could begin to

2.

SCIENCE

investigate many things in the natural world

 

 

that are (3) _______ without them. The

3.

VISIBLE

invention led to a lot of important (4)_______,

4.

DISCOVER

including “germ theory”, the idea that bacteria

 

 

cause disease. This (5) _______ changed the

5.

COMPLETE

 

way people thought about diseases like

 

 

tuberculosis. Strangely, people (6) _______

6.

AGREE

about who the first microscope (7) _______

7.

DESIGN

actually was but it seems that the (8) _______

8.

ASTRONOMY

4

 

 

Galileo was using one as early as 1609. He

 

was so impressed by his microscope that he

 

sent his (9) _______, Duke of Tuscany, one as

9. EMPLOY

a gift and told him about all the (10) _______

10. WONDER

things he had been able to see with it.

 

 

 

TEXT 3

 

THE THAMES BARRIER

Recently average annual (1) _______ in England has increased by about 45%/ This is probably because of (2) _______ warming.

The River

Thames

is,

therefore,

potentially very

(3) _______

for

the

(4) _______ of London. The last time it flooded was in 1953 when 300 people drowned. After this terrible (5) _______, engineers began work on the (6) _______ of the Thames Barrier. It has already been raised 31 times since its (7) _______ in 982. It is made of huge walls which are the (8) _______

of a five-storey building. The walls stop (9)_______ amounts of water from flooding the city. Soon it may become (10) _______ to raise it up to 30 times every year!

1.RAINY

2.GLOBE

3.DANGER

4.POPULATED

5.TRAGIC

6.DEVELOPED

7.CREATIVE

8.HIGH

9.CONSIDERATION

10.NECESSITY

TEXT 4

JOB PAYING

It is often said that people who do (1)_______ or unpleasant jobs should be paid more. However, it is (2) _______ to think about this question (3) _______. First of all, some people who do difficult or dangerous things for a living (4) _______ enjoy their work. In (5) _______, some of these jobs give the person a lot of freedom. Although there are (6) _______ for this kind of work, it is also (7) _______ that people who have

1.DANGER

2.IMPORTANCE

3.CARE

4.ACTUAL

5.ADD

6.COMPENSATE

7.TRUTH

5

pleasant, safe jobs also often earn more than

 

 

they

do. As far

as

I am

concerned this is

 

 

(8)_______ because these people already have

8.

FAIR

a good job so they don’t need to earn as much.

 

 

In conclusion I

think people

who work in

 

 

(9)_______ or dangerous conditions should be

9.

PLEASANT

paid

at least

as

much

as

people with

 

 

(10)_______ and interesting jobs.

10. ENJOY

TEXT 5

DREAMING OF FAME

When I was a (1) _______ I dreamt of becoming famous. The trouble was that I wasn’t very (2) _______ so I didn’t have much chance of becoming a pop star. I’m absolutely (3) _______ at most sports so it was obvious that I wasn’t going to have much

(4) _______ with that either. I used to be one of the (5) _______ in our college drama group. I don’t mind rehearsing but I get really

(6) _______ wherever I have to perform. Everyone says it’s really (7) _______ to watch me. I go all red in the face and I forgot my lines. It really is pretty (8) _______. I don’t think I’ve got much of a chance of becoming a (9) _______ actor either. I’ll just have to live with being completely (10) _______.

1.CHILDREN

2.MUSIC

3.USE

4.SUCCEED

5.ACT

6.NERVE

7.PAIN

8.HOPE

9.PROFESION

10.KNOW

TEXT 6

 

 

ALICE ADVENTURES IN WONDERLAND

Alice was close behind the Rabbit but

 

 

when she turned the corner she found that it

 

 

had (1) _______. Alice was in a long hall with

1.

APPEAR

(2) _______ doors. When Alice had finished

2.

LOCKER

(3) _______ to open them, she looked around

3.

TRY

sadly. She (4) _______ about what she could

4.

THINK

do next. Then, she noticed a small glass table.

 

 

There was nothing on it except a tiny,

 

 

(5)_______ key.

5.

GOLD

(6) _______, the key was too small for

6.

FORTUNE

6

 

 

any of the doors. But then Alice became (7)_______ of a tiny door about 35 cm high that she hadn’t seen before. She tried the key in the lock and to her delight, it fitted. Alice opened the door and looked through it. It led to the most (8) _______ garden she had ever seen but Alice was far too big to enter.

Alice was (9) _______ what to do next when she realized there was now a small bottle on the glass table with a label (10)_______ “Drink me!”

7.AWARENESS

8.BEAUTY

9.WONDERFUL

10.SAY

TEXT 7

ISAAC NEWTON

Sir Isaac Newton is (1) _______ by many

1.

THINK

modern (2) _______ to be the

2.

SCIENCE

(3)_______ scientist who ever lived. He was

3.

GREAT

born in England in 1642 and came from a

 

 

family of (4) _______. His father died several

4.

FARM

months before he was born.

 

 

Three years later his mother (5)_______

5.

MARRIAGE

 

and moved to a nearby village, leaving Isaac

 

 

with his grandmother.

 

 

Most of his (6) _______ were made while

6.

DISCOVER

he was studying at Cambridge University in

 

 

the 1660s.

 

 

At this time he was very poor and had to

 

 

work as a (7) _______. As people realized

7.

SERVE

how clever he was, he rose to become

 

 

professor of (8) _______ at the university. In

8.

MATHEMATICIAN

1687 he wrote a very (9) _______ book called

9.

FAME

Principia, on gravity and the laws that make

 

 

objects move.

 

 

A little time after he wrote this, he was

 

 

made a member of parliament. However,

 

 

while he was in (10) _______ he only spoke

10. GOVERN

once, and that was to ask someone to open the

 

 

window.

 

 

7

 

 

TEXT 8

IT’S UP TO YOU

Climate changes in the world will destroy the polar bear’s (1) _______ habitat within next fifty years, according to a recent report. Although there are (2) _______ 22,000 polar bears (3) _______ in the wild, oil spills, overhunting and noise pollution are (4)_______ the survival of these beautiful creatures.

(5) _______ warming is causing more and more extreme weather conditions. Almost every day we read reports of (6)_______

destruction as a result of hurricanes, flooding or drought.

Nevertheless, most of us will not change the way we (7) _______. We drive our cars to work, (8) _______ enormous amounts of electricity and even wear clothes (9)_______

of fur.

The (10) _______ of our planet is your problem. What are you going to do about it?

1.NATURE

2.CURRENT

3.LIFE

4.THREAT

5.GLOBE

6.TERIFY

7.BEHAVIOUR

8.USAGE

9.MAKE

10.DESTRUCT

TEXT 9

WHAT HAPPENED TO THE NEANDERTHALS?

Neanderthals, who were once believed to

 

 

be primitive cave-men, may have lived as

 

 

recently as 28,000 years ago, according to

 

 

recent research on some bones found in a cave

1.

PROBABILITY

in Croatia. They (1) _______ also mixed with

2.

SCIENCE

modern humans. Previously, (2) _______

 

 

thought that Neanderthals had died out about

 

 

34,000 years ago, they came into contact with

 

 

modern Homo sapiens. But an (3) _______

3.

NATION

team has been doing tests on the Neanderthal

4.

DISCOVER

bones, since their (4) _______ in the 1970s.

5.

FOUNDATION

The team has (5) _______ that the bones are

much more recent. (6) _______ Smith, the

6.

PROFESSIONAL

leader of the research team, has said that this

 

 

new (7) _______ shows Neanderthals would

7.

EVIDENT

8

 

 

probably have (8) _______ with humans

8.

MIXTURE

during the thousands of years they lived

 

 

together. He has also (9) _______ out that

9.

POINTER

most early modern Europeans have some

 

 

features that we are (10) _______ to explain

10. ABLE

unless humans had Neanderthal ancestors.

 

 

TEXT 10

 

 

ON TAP

 

 

Turning on a tap and getting water that is both safe to drink and wash in is something many people (1) _______ even think about, but it took scientists and (2) _______

thousands of years to work out how to give us clean, (3) _______-tasting water. All kinds of methods were used in the past with varying degrees of (4) _______, but until a French (5)_______ called La Hire designed a method of filtering rainwater through sand in 1703, there was no (6) _______ way of producing large quantities of clean water. Another century went by before the first filtered water was (7) _______ to people in Glasgow, Scotland and by 1829 the system that is the (8) ________ for the rest of the world was being used in London. The invention of sand filters and a public water (9) _______ meant that deaths from killer diseases such as cholera decreased (10) _______.

1.HARD

2.INVENT

3.PLEASED

4.SUCCEED

5.SCIENCE

6.RELIABILITY

7.AVAIL

8.MODELLER

9.SUPPLIER

10.DRAMATICS

TEXT 11

 

 

ANCIENT ANIMALS

 

Nobody knows when animals first started

 

 

to live with humans but it seems that the story

 

 

of our (1) _______ to them goes back many

1.

CONNECT

thousands of years. In the beginning people

 

 

kept animals like dogs and cats because they

 

 

were (2) _______ in some way. In Ancient

2.

USE

Egypt, for example, cats and dogs were used

 

 

in (3) _______.

3.

HUNTER

9

 

 

In addition, because the (4)_______ were

4.

EGYPT

able to produce a lot of food, they had to store

 

 

it and this (5) _______ a problem with rats

5.

CREATION

and (6)

_______.

Because

the

cats

6.

MOUSE

(7)_______ the food stores, they eventually

7.

PROTECTION

became so important that they were

 

 

worshipped. There was even a goddess called

 

 

Bastet who had a head like the head of a cat.

 

 

Cats were often (8) _______

and placed in

8.

MUMMIFICATION

tombs with (9) _______

mice and bowls of

9.

DEATH

milk.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(10)

_______

have

even found

cat

10. ARCHEOLOGY

cemeteries and there are thousands of

 

 

ornaments and statues of cats made of

 

 

precious metals like gold.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

TEXT 12

 

 

 

 

ANCIENT PYRAMIDS

 

Egypt

is the

country

that people

 

 

(1)_______ associate with pyramids but there

1.

USUAL

are pyramids in many other places around the

 

 

world. One of these places is the island of

 

 

Tenerife which is in the (2) _______ Islands.

2.

CANARIES

There are six step pyramids near the town of

 

 

Guimar in the (3) _______ of the island.

3.

SOUTHERN

Nevertheless, these pyramids which are made

 

 

of black (4) _______ stone are very

4.

VOLCANO

controversial. Many scientists believe the

 

 

structures which were only (5) _______ fairly

5.

DISCOVERY

recently are (6) _______ natural stone terraces

6.

SIMPLE

and not a (7) _______ wonder of ancient

7.

MYSTERY

times. Thor Heyerdahl, the (8) _______

8.

FAME

Norwegian (9) _______ who spent the last

9.

RESEARCH

years of his life on Tenerife claimed the

 

 

pyramids were, in fact, made by humans who

 

 

had used (10) _______ techniques that were

10. BUILD

similar to those used to build pyramids in

 

 

Mexico, Peru and ancient Mesopotamia.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10

 

 

 

TEXT 13

UNCLE PETER

My uncle works as a (1) _______. He

1.

JOURNAL

writes for lots of different newspapers and

 

 

magazines including some scientific journals.

 

 

He also helps make television (2) _______ of

2.

DOCUMENT

various kinds. One of the things he enjoys

 

 

most is going to see stage (3) _______ so that

3.

PERFORM

he can then write reviews. He has (4) _______

4.

SUBSCRIBE

to a lot of newspapers and magazines from

 

 

other countries, and he reads the (5) _______

5.

EDITOR

carefully to

see

what other people’s

 

 

(6)_______ are to world events.

6.

REACT

Last week my uncle took me to see some

 

 

wonderful African (7) _______. They are

7.

MUSIC

called “Orchestra Baobab” and they come

 

 

from Senegal. They were all really fantastic

 

 

but the (8) _______impressed me most of all.

8.

GUITAR

Uncle Peter has a special (9) _______ to a

9.

INVITE

party after the concert and he took me with

 

 

him. I was introduced to all the band members

 

 

and they gave me a copy of their latest CD

 

 

and a T-shirt with all their (10) _______ on it.

10. SIGN

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

TEXT 14

 

 

 

 

STARGATE – A REVIEW

People have wondered for centuries who

 

 

was (1) _______ for building the pyramids

1.

RESPONSIBILITY

and why. In the film Stargate there are some

 

 

(2) _______ answers to these questions. An

2.

IMAGINE

alien race

of

incredible power and

 

 

(3)_______ skill has created a “Stargate”.

3.

TECHNOLOGY

Going through this gives them the (4)_______

4.

ABLE

to move (5) _______ distances instantly

5.

BELIEVE

around the universe. In ancient times, they

 

 

landed on Earth and appeared as (6) _______

6.

POWER

gods to the people. Ra, the (7) _______ of the

7.

LEAD

aliens, became known as the sun god. The

 

 

pyramids were built in his (8) _______. In the

8.

HONOURABLE

 

 

11

 

 

film, the US army finds the Stargate and discovers how to make it work. But their

(9)_______ in another world leads to a war. 9. ARRIVE Everything seems (10) _______ until the 10. HOPE enslaved people make the discovery that Ra

and his followers are not gods at all.

TEXT 15

THE JOB INTERVIEW

It is important to make a good (1)_______when going for a job interview. Interviewers usually ask a (2) _______ of questions, many of which concern (3)_______. However they also like to ask questions about previous (4) _______ as well as (5) _______ not connected to the work place. Often, the successful candidate is not the one with the most impressive (6) _______

but the one who shows that he or she has made the most (7) _______ use of their time. Few employers want employees who are (8)_______ to think for themselves.

The (9) _______ of advancement in any job very rarely depends on the (10) _______

of work but more on the enthusiasm and dedication of the employee.

1.IMPRESS

2.VARIOUS

3.QUALITY

4.OCCUPY

5.ACHIEVE

6.EDUCATE

7.EFFECT

8.ABLE

9.POSSIBLE

10.ACCURATE

TEXT 16

THE DREAM THAT CAME TRUE

I have always been very (1) _______ in (2) _______ cultures and at the end of last year one of my dreams came true. I received an (3) _______ to a friend’s wedding in

Singapore! I was so excited because I had always wanted to go there. As you probably know, Singapore is (4) _______ for being (5) _______ clean. It’s one of the only parts of

1.INTEREST

2.ASIA

3.INVITE

4.FAME

5.CREDIBLE

12

the world where you can be fined for dropping chewing gum in the street. Some people complain about this but I think it’s a really good policy. Singapore is also a very (6)_______ place. You can walk around at night on your (7) _______ without being worried about getting mugged or anything like that.

Along Orchard Road there are big department stores, (8) _______ centres and arcades. It is very easy to spend thousands of Singapore dollars on clothes, books, CDs and pretty much anything you care to imagine. Lots of (9) _______ taxi drivers have small statues of the goddess Guanyin on the dashboards of their cars. People who believe in her say that she brings them good (10) _______ and protects them from losing money. Perhaps she does, but she didn’t stop me spending more than I could afford!

6.SAFELY

7.OWNER

8.SHOP

9.SINGAPORE

10.FORTUNATE

TEXT 17

AN EXPENSIVE HOLIDAYS

He got his first job in 1988, when he was seventeen. It was only part-time so he didn’t earn very much money. Nevertheless, he was able to save up (1) _______ enough to go abroad and his mother (2) _______ him the rest. Since he plan to visit (3) _______, Italy and (4) _______ he needed to pay for things in three (5) _______ currencies. His mother (6) _______ him to get travellers’ cheques but he didn’t have time to order them and so he ended going to a cash point in the airport and (7) _______ most of his money out of his bank account. That meant he had to carry a lot of money in cash. He could only afford to stay in very cheap (8) _______ and had to sleep with all his money in his pyjamas. He spent as little as (9) _______ but he ran out of money

1.NEAR

2.LENDER

3.FRENCH GREEK

5.DIFFER

6.ADVICE

7.TAKE

8.HOST

9.POSSIBLY

13

before he got (10)_______. He had a plane

10. ITALIAN

ticket from Athens, which he couldn’t use but

 

 

he got a refund for it. With this money he

 

 

bought a coach ticket to London. He didn’t

 

 

have any money left when he got home so

 

 

couldn’t pay back the money he owed to his

 

 

mother.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

TEXT 18

 

 

 

 

 

MASS MEDIA

 

 

Many people think there is too much

 

 

emphasis on sport and (1)_______ in the

1.

CELEBRATE

media. However, I don’t (2) _______ agree

2.

ENTIRE

with this opinion.

 

 

 

 

 

In my opinion, sport plays an (3)_______

3.

IMPORTANCE

part in many people’s (4) _______. Playing

4.

LIFE

sport keeps

us (5)

_______ and is

very

5.

HEALTH

 

 

 

 

 

exciting to watch on TV. Moreover, watching

 

 

a sport on TV often encourages us to start

 

 

playing it.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Our attitude to TV programmes and news

 

 

stories about celebrities, on the other hand,

 

 

should be (6) _______.

There are no good

6.

DIFFER

reasons for being so interested in these people

 

 

who are, moreover, often not very intelligent

 

 

and even (7) _______. From my point of

7.

PLEASANT

view, there are much more important things to

 

 

be (8) _______ about.

 

 

 

8.

CONCERN

To sum up, there is too much (9) _______

9.

EMPHASIZE

on celebrities but not on sport. Sports

 

 

programmes

can

be

interesting

and

 

 

(10)_______. However, programmes about

10. BENEFIT

celebrities are a waste of time.

 

 

 

14

 

TEXT 19

 

 

 

TV AND NEWSPAPERS

 

More and more people watch the news on

 

 

television and only buy a newspaper to get the

 

 

TV guide or to read about sport. This is a

 

 

great pity, in my opinion, for a number of

 

 

reasons. Although television news is often

 

 

very up-to-date, it can never be as complete as

 

 

the news we get from the newspapers. The

 

 

papers almost always contain (1) _______

1.

SPECIALLY

sections for science, medicine, (2) _______

2.

EDUCATE

and the arts. They also have (3) _______ in

3.

EDITOR

which you can read the opinions of the people

 

 

who (4) _______ write for the newspaper.

4.

ACTUAL

Television news, on the other hand, is far

 

 

more superficial. It cannot (5) _______ devote

5.

GENERAL

much time to

things like (6) _______ or

6.

EXHIBIT

(7)_______ research. In addition, it is often

7.

SCIENTIST

difficult to see the (8) _______ between facts

8.

DIFFER

and opinions when you watch television

 

 

news because

everything is presented in

 

 

the same way.

In (9) _______, if you

9.

CONCLUDE

(10) _______ want to know what is happening

10. REAL

 

 

in the world, you are better off reading the

 

 

newspaper.

 

 

 

 

TEXT 20

 

 

 

NICOLE KIDMAN

 

(1) _______ actor Nicole Kidman does not believe that female Hollywood actors are now doing better than (2) _______. Even though they are getting good major roles more (3) _______, she still feels they are often treated worse than male (4) _______. The

1.AUSTRALIA

2.MAN

3.FREQUENT

4.ACT

15

Hours, for which Nicole won an Oscar, did

 

 

better at the box office than many other films

 

 

in 2003. Although Kidman says this was

 

 

encouraging, she still not convinced that the

 

 

trend has continued.

 

 

Nicole Kidman has managed to combine

 

 

a film career with (5) _______ in the theatre

5.

APPEAR

more (6) _______ than many others. This is

6.

SUCCESS

(7) _______ because she is extremely

7.

PART

(8)_______. People in the industry say that

8.

PROFESSION

she works (9) _______ than most others. She

9.

HARD

says that she has to prepare far more

 

 

thoroughly for the theatre (10) _______ than

10. PERFORM

she does for her films.

 

 

16

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