15.4 Наречия "a few," "few," "a little" и "little"

"A few" и "few" употребляются с исчисляемыми существительными во множественном числе:

a few friends, few ideas, a few things to do, etc.

"A little" и "little" употребляются с неисчисляемыми существительными:

little money, a little rain, a little wind, etc.

Обратите внимание, что "few" и "little" имеют отрицательный оттенок (отсутствует большая часть):

They have very little money. – У нас очень мало денег.

We have few options remaining. – У нас почти нет выбора.

"A few" и "a little" имеют положительный оттенок , т.е. что-то есть в наличии:

I have a little free time today. -

Do you have a few moments?

Упражнение 1. Вставьте в соответствующие пропуски

little a little few a few

1. ______ learning is a dangerous thing

2. I've had ______ drinks but I'm not drunk.

3. You won't change her mind so there is ______ use in trying.

4. Michael Cane was born in South London, not the East End. ______ people know that.

5. I need ______ help. I'm a bit stuck.

6. There weren't many people there. Just ______

7. Will you have ______ strawberries? They're very good.

8. Will you have ______ more ice-cream? We might as well finish it.

9. There's ______ point in continuing. We're all too tired.

10. Could you spare me ______ minutes?

11. I don't know if we can fit the cupboard into our house. There's ______ space as it is.

12. All this kitten needs is ______ love and attention.

13. There's ______ I can do about this. It's outside my control.

14. Martin is a good student. He has ______ problems with English.

15. Generally Peter is good but sometimes he has ______ problems.

16. I need to borrow ______ dollars. Can you help me out?

17. We made good time because there was ______ traffic on the road so early in the morning.

18. I think Coventry will win the match but ______ people agree with me.

19. I can only speak ______ words of Chinese.

20. I'm going to give you ______ advice. Study harder!

Глава 16

16.1 Каузативные глаголы "have" и "let"

Для того, чтобы сказать, что кто-то для вас что-то делает, используется конструкция "have" + смысловой глагол”:

Mary had her sister wash the dishes. – Мэри заставила сестру помыть посуду.

The teacher will have the students study gerunds. – Учитель заставит студентов учить герундий.

I'm going to have the mechanic repair my car. (Означает, что вы хотите, чтобы вашу машину отремонтировали механики.)

My English teacher will have me give a speech tomorrow. (Означает, что ваш учитель хочет, чтобы вы сделали доклад завтра.)

Обратите внимание: причастие прошедшего времени используется после "have" для того, чтобы передать пассивность действия.

I'm having my mail forwarded. (Кто-то пересылает почту для вас.)

I had my house painted. (Кто-то покрасил ваш дом.)

Глагол "let" в каузативном смысле имеет значение "позволять" (to permit):

Please let me help you. – Разрешите вам помочь.

Don't let them leave! – Не позволяй им уйти!

После глагола "let" употребляется инфинитив без частицы "to".

Упражнение 1. Дополните предложения каузативной конструкцией "have smb do smth" по образцу.

I'm getting new carpet, so there's a lot of work to be done.

First, I want the workmen to move my furniture.

(Example) First, I'll have the workmen move the furniture.

Next, I want the workmen to remove the old carpet.

(1) Next, I'll the workmen the old carpet.

After that, I want the cleaning lady to vacuum the room.

(2) After that, I'll the cleaning lady the room.

Then I want the carpet installers to install the padding.

(3) Then I'll the carpet installers the padding.

After that, I want the carpet installers to lay the carpeting.

(4) After that, I'll the carpet installers the carpeting.

Next, I want the cleaning lady to vacuum the new carpeting.

(5) Next, I'll the cleaning lady the new carpeting.

Finally, I want the workmen to put the furniture back in the room.

(6) Finally, I'll the workmen the furniture back in the room.