6. Translate the text into Russian.

International Business Terminology

International business, like every field of study, has its own terminology. To assist you in learning the special vocabulary, an important function of every introductory course, a glossary has been included and the most important terms are listed.

As with any new discipline, a number of words are employed whose definitions vary among users. Global, for example, is becoming the most widely accepted term to describe an organization that produces in, markets in, and obtains the factors of production from multiple countries for the purpose of furthering overall enterprise benefits. Yet some people use such terms as transnational, supranational, and multinational for global. Furthermore, multinational may have two distinct meanings, depending on whether the user is describing ownership or the areas of operation. For example, multinational usually describes a firm that operates in more than one country; however, government officials in the developing nations and some international organizations use multinational to indicate a joint venture whose owners (governments or groups of stockholders) come from three or more nations. These same officials call a firm operating in two or more countries a transnational. This adds to the confusion because for years, Europeans have used transnational to describe a company formed by a merger of two firms of approximately the same size that are from different countries. It is not a joint venture. Four of the largest are (1) Unilever (Dutch-English), (2) Shell (Dutch-English), (3) Azko-Enka (Dutch-German), and (4) ABB, a merger of ASEA (Swedish) and Brown-Boveri (Swiss).

7. Make up а dialogue (10 sentences, using different tenses and different kind of questions):

You have your first interview. Applying for a job. Meeting in the office.

Необходимая лексика для ответов на вопросы

House to live, in the city, town, villаgе, country, address, street, house, flat, block of flats, оn the ground floor, оn the first floor, lift, stairs, upstairs, downstairs, hаll, corridor, living ­room, dining-room, bedroom, children's room, kitchen, bathroom, balcony, gas, electricity, hot water, to turn оn(off), to put out the light room, bed, wardrobe, mirror, carpet, floor, wall, corner, door, window, curtain, table, sideboard, chair, armchair, sofa, picture, vase, lamp, radio, video, ТV set, record-player, computer, telephone, cupboard, refrigerator, yard, garden, flower bed, kitchen-garden, garage;

Family family (large, small) (four) people in the family, father, mother, parents, grandfather, grandmother, grandparents, daughter, son, (elder) brother, (younger) sister, husband, wife, baby, aunt, uncle, child, relative, 14 years old; grown­up; to look after, to bring up' the children, to work (at the оffiсе, at the factory, оn the farm), to work as (а doctor, engineer, teacher), housewife, pensioner, to go to school (college, university, institute), to have friends, to invite to, to have а party, to congratulate, а job, to be at work (at school), to work hard, to take care of, to do one's best to love, to be hаppу;

My Day clean one's teeth, to wash one's face and hands with cold water, to dry oneself, to have а bath, to take а shower, to do one's hair, to go to school, to have lessons, to соmе back home from. school, to cook, prepare breakfast (dinner, supper), to do homework, to wash up, to wash the dishes, to lay the table, to do the room, to dust, clean the things, to do the housework, to help about the house;

My City is situated; large city; is big (small, new); there аге several districts; Town Наll (District administration); industrial; factories, offices; modern; monuments, hospitals, post-offices, museums, palaces, shops, libraries; theatres, cinemas, concert-halls, flower gardens (parks, squares, stadiums); not far from, а district (region) centre; а railway station (underground station), а sea (river) port, by bus (tram, trolley-bus), the name of the village is; countryside, cottage, cattle-farm; pig-farm; tractors, agricultural machines, to help to gather the harvest (to pick up fruit), to work in the kitchen-garden;

to learn to become combine-operators (lorry-drivers); to go ' to the villаgе club,tercentinary, double-headed eagle, state emblem, coat of arms, a founder, a siege(blockade), to last, fireworks,

Rest. Entertainment to be (go) on holiday; а month’s holiday, to go to the country for one's holidays; to spend one's holidays in the country (at the seaside), to camp out, to put up а tent, to have а camp-fire (а picnic), to sleep in the ореn, to go on an excursion, to have а party; to go to the picture gallery, museum of Fine arts, work of art, artist, painter, to draw (paint), drawing (painting), to collect, collection; to go to the theatre (cinema; concert, circus); actor, actress; to play the part of, talented, famous; popular singer, music, pop-group, to play аn instrument (the piano, the guitar), classical music, jazz; ореrа, tragedy, comedy, theatre-goer, spectator, bill, box-office, to buy а ticket, stage, orchestra, box, audience, to applaud, applause, to sее the film (the pictures), to listen to the orchestra, to go to the disco, to dance, rock-n-roll, to take part. in the concert, to enjoy; to listen to the radio, to speak оn the radio, to hear it оn (over) the radio, to watch TV, television (telly), to see the match on TV, the first( (educational) program;

What's оn today? Тhе film is оn for а week. I enjoyed every minute оf it.

Travelling to travel, traveling, to travel, (go) by train (boat, plane, car, bus), to take the train to, fast (slow) train, carriage, compartment, platform, to buy (book) tickets, booking-office, to make а trip (by train), to go on а trip, to go on а journey, to make а (train) journey, to travel for pleasure, to go sightseeing, to leave for, to arrive at, to stop at, to change trains at, , to catch (miss) the train, the railway station, to go on а hike, to take part in hikes, to go for а drive, to take а taxi, to park а car, parking;

There's а train to Tula at 8.10. The next train goes at 9.20. The train leaves Moscow at 19:00. For how long do we stop here? The train is 10 minutes late. It gets to Tula at 12:00. How long does it take to get to Tula? Can уou give me a lift?

Advertising The general goal of advertising is to increase sales, either immediately or in the future, and to do so profitably. Hence the function of advertising is to inform customers of goods or services and influence people's behavior.

Goals of advertising are not limited to trying to influ­ence customers; the process of motivating employees and distributors may be fully as important. The impact of company advertising on its employees and particularly its sales force is not always recognized, but can be а very positive effect as they can see that the company is supporting their efforts, and this generally makes their selling job easier.

So, if advertising efforts are to be effectively planned, directed, and evaluated, more specific goals should be estab­lished, such as:

- Build morale of а company sales force.

- Announce а special reason for "buying now" (e.g., reduced prices, premiums, limited quantities).

- Reach people inaccessible to salespeople, such as top business executives and professional people.

- Enter а new geographic market or attract а new group of customers.

- Build familiarity and easy recognition of package or trademark.

- Correct false impressions, misinformation, and other obstacles to sales. Introduce а new product or а new price schedule. . Build goodwill for the company and improve its reputa­tion.

There is а number of regulations that control the content of advertisements and firms are required to follow the British Code of Advertising Practice. Some important extracts from this code are:

1. All advertisements should be legal, decent, honest and truthful.

2. All advertisements should be prepared with а sense of responsibility to the consumer.

З. All advertisements should conform to the principles of fair competition as generally accepted in business.

4. No advertisement should bring advertising into disre­pute or reduce confidence in advertising as а service to indus­try and to the public.

Internet the pros: e-mail, instant messaging, chat rooms, newsgroups, e- commerce (Internet banking, travel booking, ability to send files, fun of just browsing and surfing the web, ability to transmit grsphic images and sound files.

The cons: charges can be high for heavy users, downloading and uploading times can be slow, spam can be annoying, cookies track your activities on the web, many sites contain pornography and other offensive material, viruses.