3. Say what job these can belong to. Continue the list.

Model: ladder, water, bucket = window-cleaner

- hammer, saw, nail; - chalk, projector, board; - scalpel, mask, forceps;

tractor, plough, barn; sewing machine, scissors, needle; seal, telephone, personal car;

4. How would you call a person who:

-does the hair; -gathers crop; -prepares medicines; -builds or repairs roads; -composes music; -does the painting; -sells meat, sausage, chicken; -has special knowledge, skill; -does the plumbing;

-flies a plane; -is in charge of a whole company; -bakes bread; -checks tickets on a train; -makes up computer programmes; -controls or gives orders to others; -controls a business; -presides at a meeting; -is the position of command;

4. Make your choice. Say what another person can do.

1. A barber/ merchantsells goods.

2. A tailor/dressmaker makes men’s clothes.

3. An architect/sculptor designs for a house.

4. A professor/teacher teaches at school.

5. A nurse/secretary looks after patients in hospital.

6. A surgeon/dentist operates on heart.

7. A physician/physicist carries on experiment with prism.

8. An optician/chemist checks people’s eyesight.

9. A bricklayer/civil engineer builds the walls.

4. Match the words from two columns and say who is who.

   The head of The manager of The chairman of The headmistress of The director of The chief of The principal of The president of The Commander-in-Chief of

   the school the firm the film the police the college the corporation the committee the department the army

5. Answer the following questions.

• What have you decided on your future profession?

• Are you going to follow your parents’ advice?

• What do your parents want you to be?

• Do you think you have enough talents and qualities for your future profession?

• Do you think it’s wise to try many jobs?

• What do you think are the sources of work (dis)satisfaction?

• When can work be enjoyable?

• What are the sources of unemployment?

• What is taken into consideration in a job interview?

• Do you think there’s any association between an individual’s nature, appearance and occupation?

4. Read the text and comment on it.

TEXT

How do you choose a career? Many students finish high school and begin college without a clear idea of what they want to do in life. Part of the problem is the size and complexity of the job market itself. Seven hundred and sixty-three different occupations were listed in a recent publication of the United States Department of Labour and this list is probably incomplete. With so many kinds of work, how can you tell which will interest you? And what about the job outlook? Some of these occupations are already overcrowded. In old industries, there may be little need for new workers, while new and growing industries will offer good jobs, now and in the future. Finally, how can you make the best use of your own special talents? Those who know themselves often find the best jobs. The article that follows does not answer all these questions, but it does try to get you started.

Getting started.

For most people, choosing a career isn’t easy, yet it’s one of the most important decisions you will make in your life. Find the right career, and you will be happy and successful. Find the wrong career, and you may be unhappy and unsuccessful. It pays, therefore, to explore your choice of occupation from every angle, collect as much information as you can, actually try different kinds of work before making up your mind. Above all, evaluate yourself. Be sure, you know your own interest and talents.

Unfortunately, not everyone takes this trouble. Those who don’t, can make costly mistakes. For example, some people simply follow in the footsteps of a parent or a relative. One young man I know became a doctor because that was his father’s profession. Yet he couldn’t stand the sight of blood. Watching an operation made him sick to his stomach. One day he had to amputate a leg, and, after making the first cut, fainted in the operation room. A young woman I know became an accountant although she hated Maths. Her uncle encouraged her by promising a job in his company. It took her several years, and disasters with the company books, before she realized her mistake.

Procrastinating, postponing a decision, is another error people make. I’ll get started tomorrow, or next week, or next year. These people refuse to face the problem, hoping it will go away. But if you don’t take the first step now, how can you plan for the future, take the right courses in school, get in the right programs? Procrastinators just drift, missing many opportunities.

Well then, how do you find a career? Jascha Heifetz was a concert violinist at the age of thirteen. Shirley Temple was a movie star at the age of five. Most of us are not so talented, or so lucky. Everyone has skills, but yours may not be so obvious; may, in fact, go undetected. Your career search has to look for everything.

Be systematic. Analyze your problems. Determine what information you have. Then go after the information you need.

First, start with yourself. Make a list of inventory of your interests, your talents, and abilities. Most people have a lot of these, but at the beginning they are undeveloped and may not seem outstanding. By concentrating on a few, or on one, you may surprise yourself, and everyone else, at how good you can get.

The interest inventory that follows covers the major field which most people find careers: science, arts, social service, business, sales.

Then find where your interests lie…

4. Comment on the following quotations.

2. Work is the grand cure of all maladies and miseries that ever beset mankind. (Th. Carlyle)

3. Diligence is the mother of good fortune, and idleness, its opposite, never brought a man to the goal of any of his best wishes. (S. Cervantes)

4. A man’s good work is effected by doing what he does, a woman’s by being what she is. (G. K. Chesteron)

5. In this imperfect world industry is rewarded and giddiness punished. (W. S. Maugham)

6. Employment is a process determined by individual characteristics, job characteristics and appearance. (Unknown)

4. Use the following proverbs in situations of your own. Give Russian equivalents if possible.

2. A good beginning makes a good ending.

3. Business before pleasure.

4. Jack of all trades and master of none.

5. No pains, no gains.

6. Every man is the architect of his own fortune.

7. Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.

4. Solve the problems.

2. You go to an interview for a job but you have no experience. How will you explain to the interviewer why you should have this job?

3. Go to an employment agency. Ask them if they have any jobs that you might be qualified to do.

4. Your boss calls you to his/her office to tell you that you have been replaced by a computer. What would you do?

5. You are President of a company. You would like to hire an economist. You consider these advertisements:

1. Male, University graduate, 22, fluent English, experienced in accounting and banking management, tall, keen on tennis, unmarried. Seeks interesting, well-paid job not far from home.

2. Female, high school graduate, 24, speaks English , German and French, with experience in travel industry, typing, short-hand, and bookkeeping; good-looking and sociable. Seeks worth-while employment. Unmarried.

3. Male, associate degree in accounting and business administration, 23, experience in traveling around the world, married. Seeks part-time work (evenings and weekends).

6. You are looking for a job. You are a university graduate. Decide which job you would choose, considering what each of them would involve in terms of time, money, convenience:

   1. a university lecturer;

   2. a secretary and a shorthand typist ready to accompany her/his boss in his business trips abroad;

   3. a barman at a night club;

7. You are a boss. You have to fire one of your two employees. One is a very efficient worker. The other is not, but he is your brother-in-law. What would you do?

4. Read the following advice how to make successful career and add some of your own.

   1. Set goals and strive to reach them by specific deadline dates.

   2. Learn to listen. Instead of rushing headlong into a project be professional enough to listen to instructions carefully and to heed the advice of others.

   3. Learn to say “no” without feeling guilty.

   4. Instead of punishing yourself for wasting time give yourself reward each time you manage your time wisely.

   5. Avoid meeting whenever possible. If you must have a meeting prepare a specific agenda ahead of time and stick to it.

   6. Make up a daily schedule before going to bed. Stick to your plan every day.

   7. Link errands together. Instead of four trips a day go out just once.

   8. Learn from your mistakes and don’t repeat them.

   9. Anticipate change, prepare for it and adapt quickly when it comes.

   10. Learn to make a decision – to lead, to follow or to get out of the way.

   11. Use machines that will save your time.

5. Points to ponder.

1. Russia is moving towards market economy which involves unemployment rate growth.

2. A gardener’s job is better than that of a maid.

3. One chooses one’s career for life.

4. Only men can dream of making a career as President.

5. Few things are impossible to diligence and skill.

6. First come, first hired.

7. Some people live to work, others work to live.

13. Choosing a right profession for your child is one of the most important decisions for parents. Act out a scene where two young mothers (a father and a mother) discuss the problem. Give some reasons to support your ideas.

12. Read the advertisements for different vacancies and make a written application for a job. Attach your curriculum vitae to it.

CURRICULUM VITAE

Andrew Foster

105 Cheriton Road

Dorchester

Dorset DY4 4HQ

Telephone: Dorchester (0305) 69542

Date of birth: January 15^th, 1948

Education

1953-1960 Maynard Boys Junior School, Waltham Forest, London

1960-1967 Roaford Royal Liberty School, Rowford, Essex

1968-1971 Hull University, Yorkshire

1974-1976 Dartington Hall, Devon

1978. College of St Hart and St John, Plymouth

Qualifications

GCE ‘0’ level examinations (June 1965): English Language (3); English Literature (4); Mathematics (5); Combined Science (6); History (1); Geography (1)’

(December 1966): French (5).

GCE ‘A’ level examinations (June 1967): History (B); Economics (E); Geography (B).

2^nd Class Honours Degree in Psychology (B. Sc.) from Hull University (1971)

Diploma in Music (Darlington Hall, 1976)

Post-Graduate Certificate of Education in Primary Teaching (1978)

Other Achievements

Captain of School Swimming Team 91966-67); School Basketball Team; School Debating Team; School Debating Vice-Captain (1967); University Basketball Team; President of University Art Society (1970); President of Student Union.

Dartington Hall (1975-76); Grade 8 – Piano; Grade 6 – Harpsichord.

Employment

1964-1967 Part-time work weekends/holidays furniture removal

1969. Christmas work for Post Office

9/67 to 4/68 Salesman, Little Foxes Record Shop, Fulham, London

9/71 to 10/72 Salesman, HMV Record Shop, London

10/72 to 7/74 Junior Officer, Art Council, London (with responsibility for music projects)

10/76 to 6/77 Paid sabbatical president, students union, Dartington Hall

9/78 to 7/81 Teacher, Feniton Primary School, Devon (responsibility for music)

9/81 to 4/83 Teacher, scale 2, Grove Middle School, Dorchester (responsibility for music and language policy)

4/83 Self-employed harpsichord constructor

Interests and Activities

Playing the piano and harpsichord; playing renaissance music on authentic instruments; instrument making, particularly keyboard instruments; chess;

European literature and philosophy; psychology; hill walking; horticulture; active member of Ecology Party.

Personal

Married 1979

Two children. Born 1981 and 1982

References

Dr Bryan Tunniwell, Dartington Hall, Devon

Mr Richard Raine, Headmaster, Grove Middle School, Dorchester, Dorset