Астраханский государственный технический университет

Кафедра ИЯГЕНО

МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ УКАЗАНИЯ

для работы над лексикой по дисциплине

«Практический курс английского языка (практика речи)»

для слушателей программы дополнительной

к высшему образованию квалификации

«Переводчик в сфере профессиональной коммуникации»

АСТРАХАНЬ 2005

Составитель: старший преподаватель кафедры ИЯГЕНО Панюшкина Н.В.

Рецензент: профессор, д. ф. н. Дроздова Т.В.

Пояснительная записка

Данное методическое пособие предназначено для углубленного изучения современного английского языка слушателями программы дополнительной к высшему образованию квалификации «Переводчик в сфере профессиональной коммуникации». Его основной задачей является создание базы для равноценного овладения обучающимися всеми аспектами языка.

В предлагаемом пособии введены следующие разговорные темы:

1. Appearance;

2. Character and disposition;

3. Family life;

4. Parents and children;

5. Friends and friendship;

6. Customs and traditions;

7. Choosing a career;

8. Crime and punishment;

9. Man and Arts;

10) Women and their role in the society;

11) Mass Media;

12) Man and Nature

Пособие построено на базе отечественных и зарубежных пособий по английскому языку и материалов, представленных в международной сети Internet, в нем широко используются реалии сегодняшнего дня Великобритании и США.

Contents

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18.

Unit 1. Appearance Unit 2. Character and Disposition Unit 3. Family life Unit 4. Parents and Children. Unit 5. Friends and Friendship. Unit 6. Customs and Traditions. Unit 7. Choosing a Career. Jobs and Employment. Unit 8. Crime and Punishment. Unit 9. Man and Arts. Man and Arts. Painting. Man and Arts. Music. Man and Arts. Theatre. Unit 10. Women and Their Role In the Society. Unit 11. Mass Media. Television. Mass Media. Press. Mass Media. Internet. Unit 12. Man and Nature. Environmental Protection. Supplement. Conversational English. Sources.

4 10 17 23 30 33 38 47 53 55 62 66 70 75 77 79 85 88

Unit 1. Appearance.

TOPICAL VOCABULARY.

General appearance

-good-looking , a -handsome, a -beautiful, a -charming, a -attractive, a -pleasant, a -glamorous, -lovely, a -striking, a

-ordinary, a -plain, a -ugly, a -repulsive, a -funny, a -unpleasant, a -dowdy, a -slatternly, a -scruffy, a

-pretty, a -smart, a -graceful, a -excellent, a -splendid, a -to be like/ unlike, v -to take after, v -to resemble, v -to look like, v

Height/ statue

-tall, a -average, a -short, a -tiny, a

-to be of medium/ middle height -to be about/ above/ below/ medium height -to be smb’s height

Build/ shape

-strongly-built, a -well-built, a -well-developed, a -well-shaped, a -broad-shouldered, a -long-legged, a -narrow-hipped, a -overweight, a

-muscular, a -thin, a -slim, a -slender, a -stout, a -fat, a -plump, a -to be of solid/ medium build

Features

-fine, a -delicate, a -regular, a

-strong, a -facial, a

Hair

-dark, a -fair, a -blond, a -black, a -grey, a -going grey, a -chestnut, a -red, a

-straight, a -permed, a -curly, a -wavy, a -short, a -long, a -medium length, a -shoulder length, a

-thin, a -thick, a -dyed, a -balding, a -receding, a -auburn, a -plait, a -fringe, a

-to dry, v -to dye, v -to cut, v -to wash, v -to shave, v -to wear a moustache/ beard -to grow a moustache/ beard -to wear one’s hair short/long

Eyes

-brown -black -blue -grey -dark -hazel -clear -kind -malicious -squint -expressive -deep-set

Eyebrows

-bristly -bushy -straight -curved -frowned -knitted

Nose

-straight -blunt -hooked

-long -short -snub

Eyelashes

-thick -curly -long -colourless

Face

-oval -round -thin

-square -pale -clean-shaven

-plain -arresting -smiling

-long -high cheekbones -scar

Facial expressions

-clever -cheerful -thoughtful

-dull -boring -angry

-surprised -puzzled -worried

Chin

-strong -weak

-round -generous

-jutting -cleft

-pointed -firm

Forehead

-wide -small

-high -low

Mouth

-wide -narrow

-well-shaped -secretive

Lips

-plump -thin -pink -pale

-tight -compressed -firm-set

Smile

-pleasant -radiant

-attractive -joyful

-ironic -sarcastic

Cheeks	-plump -pink -red	-hollow -pale	Teeth	-even -white
Neck	-strong -weak	Legs	-long -short	-shapely -bare

Complexion/ skin

-fair -dark -wrinkled -florid

-pale -sallow -sun-tanned -to be of nice complexion

1. Analyze the usage of the following synonyms.

   woman

   man

   child

   bird

   flower

   weather

   Landscape

   view

   day

   village

   house

   furniture

   picture

   dress

   Beautiful

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   Lovely

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   Pretty

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   Charming

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   Attractive

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   Good-looking

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   Handsome

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2. Make up short dialogues using these descriptions.

   1. Our grandmother is over 60 but she is still an energetic and attractive person. It is only now that she is beginning to show signs of old age – her hair has started to go grey and her skin is dry.

   2. My elder brother is 23. He is of medium height and build, a bit stocky, but strong with it. He has long straight shoulder-length hair and doesn’t want to get it cut. It’s fashionable in Britain at the moment for men to grow their hair. Usually he wears a comfortable T-shirt and jeans. He doesn’t care much what he looks like.

   3. My friend is a pretty girl of 25. She is thin, slender and stylish. She has got lovely dark hair and looks like a teenager.

   4. She was not pretty, but she had an amusing face, with a little tilted nose, a wide mouth and greenish blue eyes; her brown hair was simply done. She was very thin and her chest was almost as flat as a boy’s.

   5. Tom is very tall, he towers above me even though he is only 15. He does quite a lot of sport. So he is quite strong and has well-developed muscles. He has straight brown hair, which refuses to lie flat and is always sticking up.

   6. He’s about 25, medium build and he’s got wavy brown hair, and the last time I saw him he had a bushy moustache. He has been a researcher at the University for three years, so he looks very serious and academic. In fact I’m pretty sure that he wears glasses now.

3. Describe the appearance of each member of your family, using the text as a model.

   1. My father is tall. He has large hands and his feet are size 45. He has short, dark, curly hair and a small beard. His arms, legs and chest are hairy. He’s a cheerful person and when he laughs, you can see even white teeth. He wears spectacles and you can’t see his eyes, but I know they are steel grey. He’s 43. He usually wears jeans and checked shirts or sweaters. But for work he wears a suit and a tie and looks every inch a teacher.

   2. My mother is a very different person. She’s short and plumpish. She has small hands and feet. She has long, straight, fair hair. She has dimples and rosy cheeks. She has long eyelashes, which she darkens with mascara. She likes pink nail-varnish, high-heeled shoes and fashionable clothes. Her favourite colours are red and light blue.

   3. My 20-year-old sister likes to be well-dressed. She uses lots of make-up, is always going to the hairdresser’s and has fantastic hairstyles. She is tall and slim, with slender arms and elegant legs. Her full lips are always red. She’s open-minded and nice. She is married and has a baby.

   4. My baby-nephew is still just a toddler; he can’t speak yet, but he’s very selfish and he bores me.

4. Get some pictures and describe the people in them (eyes, hair, complexion, nose, shape of face, height, build, etc.)

5. Describe your friends/ groupmates. The others will try to guess which you are describing.

6. Listen to someone describing a person’s face. As you listen, draw the face and then compare the result with your partner. Are there any differences between the two drawings?

Loose, wavy brown hair hung to her waist at the back – she had a fringe over her forehead that almost hid her pale blue eyes. The nose – not her best feature – was long but not ugly. She had a regular set of white teeth and was full-lipped. Her round face often looked rather sallow in complexion; she wasn’t very tall or slim, and she walked with slightly-rounded shoulders.

7. A friend of yours is going to get married. Ask him/ her about his/ her fiancé/ fiancée.

8. You want to know how your friend looks like after disease/ a span of time/ holidays/ plastic surgery. Act out a conversation with him/ her.

9. Use your imagination and describe Cleopatra’s (Nephertiti’s) appearance. Do you think our perception of the ideal face and figure has changed with centuries? Why do you think so? Do you think people’s idea of beauty is different in different cultures? Do you think the idea of beauty will be different in 2100?

10. From your experience, do artistic people (i.e. those who play musical instrument, paint, draw, sing, act, dance) have a special physical appearance? If so, what do they usually look like?

11. Explain the following statements giving the description of an imaginary person.

    1. He looks like a huge bear.

    2. She looks like a wild flower.

    3. He is as ugly as sin.

    4. Sue is as pretty as a picture.

    5. My aunt is over 40, but she doesn’t look her age.

    6. He took after his father’s side of the family.

    7. When you meet her, the first thing you notice is…

    8. My greatest passion is Beatles.

12. Comment on the following statements.

    1. Outward appearance means much more in the life of a woman than that of a man.

    2. A man is as old as he feels, and a woman as old as she looks.

    3. Men and women in the city and in the country look as if they belong to different age groups.

    4. Physically over-developed men featured by many advertisements are not in the least attractive. Most men do not look like Rambo and do not want to either, because not everyone is tall and practices weight-lifting! Many women also think it’s absolutely tasteless and they prefer more normal human beings.

    5. Appearances are deceptive. You can’t always judge by looks.

    6. He that is not handsome at twenty, nor strong at thirty, nor wise at forty will never be handsome, strong and wise.

    7. A good face is a letter of recommendation.

13. Read the text and discuss the questions.