- •Unit 1 free enterprise system
- •Active Vocabulary
- •1 Translate the following combinations into Russian.
- •2 Translate into English using the expressions from the previous task.
- •3 Study the new words and make your own sentences with them.
- •4Translate into English using the expressions from the previous tasks.
- •5 How would you serve your customer?
- •Social and business skills Breaking the ice
- •3 Write the letters of the phrases in the appropriate place.
- •Introductory questions Being more specific Asking for an opinion
- •4 Match the conversational exchanges.
- •Reading
- •I The Pillars of Free Enterprise
- •1 What are the “pillars” of American economic system?
- •2 What does the right to private property give the owners of natural resources and capital? Why?
- •Free Enterprise: the Theory and the Reality
- •1What is the essence of the term “laissez faire”?
- •2 What are the three levels of American government?
- •3 In what cases does the government show its power?
- •1 What is the role of prices in American economic system?
- •2 Why is American economic system called price-directed system?
- •3 What are the fundamental questions that price system provides the answers to?
- •1 What does competition refer to?
- •Active vocabulary
- •1 Translate the following combinations into Russian.
- •2 Translate into English using the expressions from the previous task.
- •3 Study the new words and make your own sentences with them.
- •4 Fill in each blank with a suitable word.
- •5 Translate into English using the expressions from the previous tasks.
- •6 Answer the questions.
- •Social and business skills Arrangements
- •1 Read the extract and answer these questions.
- •3 You will hear an imaginary alternative version of the conversation in the book. Listen and compare your choices.
- •5 Match the sentences with the headings.
- •6 Food and drink. Match the two parts of the conversational exchange.
- •Reading
- •I Forms of business organization
- •Unit 3 how to start your own business
- •Active Vocabulary
- •1 Translate the following combinations into Russian.
- •2 Translate into English using the expressions from the previous task.
- •3 Study the new words and make your own sentences with them.
- •4 Translate into English using the expressions from the previous tasks.
- •5 Answer the questions.
- •Social and business skills Making a proposal
- •1 Make a summary of the script.
- •2 Look at the script again and notice how the meeting is structured. In which order do these stages occur?
- •3 Here us some of the language you can use for each of those four stages.
- •Refusing and accepting
- •2 Underline the phrases that he uses to refuse the offer.
- •II Becoming an entrepreneur
- •III Risks and benefits of starting a new business
- •Unit 4 financial institutions
- •Active Vocabulary
- •1 Translate the following combinations into Russian.
- •2 Translate into English using the expressions from the previous task.
- •3 Study the new words and make your own sentences with them.
- •4 Translate into English using the expressions from the previous tasks.
- •5 Match the notion and its definition.
- •6 Define the meaning of the words highlighted in the text.
- •1 Discuss these points.
- •2 Look at the three solutions offered by Patrick Ellis and underline the eight conditional sentences that are used. Which of these sentences describe hypothetical situations?
- •3 Listen and fill in the blank spaces with the correct forms of the verbs.
- •Reading
- •I Functions of a Central Bank
- •II Other Bank Services
- •III Consumer credit
Unit 1 free enterprise system
“Going into business for myself” is a dream of many people. It can be realized in a society with a free enterprise system. A free enterprise system is an economic system based on the private ownership of property, competition, and the profit motive. In a free enterprise system anyone who has the capital, the time and the experience can go into any business, he or she chooses. But one must keep in mind, that he doesn’t use another’s name, product design or trade mark. One is free to compete with any existing business, just as one is free to start something new.
People do different business for a profit. The search of profit is a driving force in a free enterprise system. Entrepreneur is a person who creates a business in the hope of earning a profit. To make a profit, an entrepreneur must create a product, develop methods of production, finance production and market a product at a reasonable price. Profit is the reward for the risk you take in starting an enterprise. Profit is the indicator that your business is successful.
The other side of profit is loss. It means that entrepreneurship consists of risk to loose time and money in the hope but without any guarantee of profit.
One point to remember is that free enterprise system applies to the customer as well as to the entrepreneur. The government can’t close your business unless you break the law, but customer can close your business simply by staying away. The customer is the most important person in any business. He is a person who brings you his wants. Your job is to fill those wants.
Active Vocabulary
enterprise – предприятие
free enterprise system – система свободного предпринимательства
ownership – владение
property – собственность
competition – конкуренция
trade mark – торговая марка
to compete – конкурировать
profit – прибыль
entrepreneur – предприниматель
entrepreneurship – предпринимательство
to create – создавать
reward – награда
loss – потери
to consist of – состоять из
to loose – терять
to apply to – относиться к
to break the law – нарушать закон
to fill – выполнять
Tasks
1 Translate the following combinations into Russian.
to go into business
a society with a free enterprise system
to use a trade mark
to be free to compete with
any existing business
to do business for a profit
search of profit
driving force
to make a profit
to create a product
to develop methods of production
to finance production
to market a product
at a reasonable price
to start an enterprise
to consist of risk
to loose time and money
without any guarantee of profit
to apply to the customer
by staying away
to bring wants
to fill the wants
2 Translate into English using the expressions from the previous task.
1 развивать методы производства в системе свободного предпринимательства
2 финансировать производство без всякой гарантии прибыли
3 начать предприятие, используя новую торговую марку
4 движущая сила любого существующего бизнеса
5 заниматься бизнесом для поиска прибыли
6 свободно конкурировать с любым существующим бизнесом
7 создавать продукт и продвигать его на рынок
8 продавать продукт по разумной цене
9 потерять время и деньги без гарантии прибыли
10 обращаться к потребителю за удовлетворением его потребностей