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Coal

Proved reserves at end 2012

		Anthracite	Sub-
		and	bituminous		Share
	Million tonnes	bituminous	and lignite	Total	of total	R/P ratio
	US	108501	128794	237295	27.6%	257
	Canada	3474	3108	6582	0.8%	98
	Mexico	860	351	1211	0.1%	88
	Total North America	112835	132253	245088	28.5%	244
	Brazil	–	4559	4559	0.5%	*
	Colombia	6366	380	6746	0.8%	76
	Venezuela	479	–	479	0.1%	292
	Other S. & Cent. America	45	679	724	0.1%	*
	Total S. & Cent. America	6890	5618	12508	1.5%	129
	Bulgaria	2	2364	2366	0.3%	72
	Czech Republic	192	908	1100	0.1%	20
	Germany	99	40600	40699	4.7%	207
	Greece	–	3020	3020	0.4%	50
	Hungary	13	1647	1660	0.2%	179
	Kazakhstan	21500	12100	33600	3.9%	289
	Poland	4338	1371	5709	0.7%	40
	Romania	10	281	291		9
	Romania	10	281	291		9
	Russian Federation	49088	107922	157010	18.2%	443
	Spain	200	330	530	0.1%	85
	Turkey	529	1814	2343	0.3%	33
	Ukraine	15351	18522	33873	3.9%	384
	United Kingdom	228	–	228		14
	United Kingdom	228	–	228		14
	Other Europe & Eurasia	1440	20735	22175	2.6%	234
	Total Europe & Eurasia	92990	211614	304604	35.4%	238
	South Africa	30156	–	30156	3.5%	116
	Zimbabwe	502	–	502	0.1%	196
	Other Africa	860	174	1034	0.1%	*
	Middle East	1203	–	1203	0.1%	*
	Total Middle East & Africa	32721	174	32895	3.8%	124
	Australia	37100	39300	76400	8.9%	177
	China	62200	52300	114500	13.3%	31
	India	56100	4500	60600	7.0%	100
	Indonesia	1520	4009	5529	0.6%	14
	Japan	340	10	350		265
	Japan	340	10	350		265
	New Zealand	33	538	571	0.1%	115
	North Korea	300	300	600	0.1%	19
	Pakistan	–	2070	2070	0.2%	*
	South Korea	–	126	126		60
	South Korea	–	126	126		60
	Thailand	–	1239	1239	0.1%	68
	Vietnam	150	–	150		4
	Vietnam	150	–	150		4
	Other Asia Paciﬁc	1583	2125	3708	0.4%	88
	Total Asia Paciﬁc	159326	106517	265843	30.9%	51
	Total World	404762	456176	860938	100.0%	109
	of which: OECD	155926	222603	378529	44.0%	186
	Non-OECD	248836	233573	482409	56.0%	83
	European Union	5101	51047	56148	6.5%	97
	Former Soviet Union	86725	141309	228034	26.5%	390
*More than 500 years.			Source of reserves data: Survey of Energy Resources 2010, World Energy Council.
Less than 0.05%.

Notes: Proved reserves of coal – Generally taken to be those quantities that geological and engineering information indicates with reasonable certainty can be recovered in the future from

known deposits under existing economic and operating conditions.

Reserves-to-production (R/P) ratio – If the reserves remaining at the end of the year are divided by the production in that year, the result is the length of time that those remaining reserves would last if production were to continue at that rate.

Prices

	Northwest	US Central	Japan coking	Japan steam
	Europe	Appalachian coal	coal import	coal import	Asian marker
US dollars per tonne	marker price†	spot price index‡	cif price	cif price	price†
1992	38.53	28.53	57.82	48.45	–
1993	33.68	29.85	55.26	45.71	–
1994	37.18	31.72	51.77	43.66	–
1995	44.50	27.01	54.47	47.58	–
1996	41.25	29.86	56.68	49.54	–
1997	38.92	29.76	55.51	45.53	–
1998	32.00	31.00	50.76	40.51	29.48
1999	28.79	31.29	42.83	35.74	27.82
2000	35.99	29.90	39.69	34.58	31.76
2001	39.03	50.15	41.33	37.96	36.89
2002	31.65	33.20	42.01	36.90	30.41
2003	43.60	38.52	41.57	34.74	36.53
2004	72.08	64.90	60.96	51.34	72.42
2005	60.54	70.12	89.33	62.91	61.84
2006	64.11	62.96	93.46	63.04	56.47
2007	88.79	51.16	88.24	69.86	84.57
2008	147.67	118.79	179.03	122.81	148.06
2009	70.66	68.08	167.82	110.11	78.81
2010	92.50	71.63	158.95	105.19	105.43
2011	121.52	87.38	229.12	136.21	125.74
2012	92.50	72.06	191.46	133.61	105.50

†Source: IHS McCloskey Northwest Europe prices for 1992-2000 are the average of the monthly marker, 2001-2012 the average of weekly prices. The Asian prices are the average of the monthly marker.

‡Source: Platts. Prices are for Central Appalachian 12,500Btu, 1.2 SO2 coal, fob. Prices for 1992-2000 are by coal price publication date, 2001-2012 by coal price assessment date. Note: cif = cost+insurance+freight (average prices); fob = free on board.

Reserves-to-production (R/P) ratios

Years

2012 by region

					300
					250
					200
					150
					100
					50
North	S. & Cent.	Europe &	Middle East	Asia	0
America	America	Eurasia	& Africa	Pacific

History

	North America				700
	North America				700
	S. & Cent. America


	Europe & Eurasia
	Europe & Eurasia
	Middle East & Africa
	Middle East & Africa
	Asia Pacific
					600
					600
	World
	World

					500

					400

					300

					200

					100

92	97	02	07	12	0

World proved reserves of coal in 2012 were sufficient to meet 109 years of global production, by far the largest R/P ratio for any fossil fuel. Europe & Eurasia holds the largest regional reserves while North America has the highest R/P ratio. The US holds the largest individual reserves, followed by Russia and China.

Distribution of proved reserves in 1992, 2002 and 2012

Percentage

Europe & Eurasia

Asia Paciﬁc

North America

Middle East & Africa

S. & Cent. America

		2.2	36.1
1.4	41.4	5.8
6.4
			3.8	1.5	35.4

1992	2002
	Total 984453
Total 981780		2012
	million tonnes
million tonnes		Total 860938

22.8			million tonnes
22.8
	26.2		28.5
			28.5
		29.7	30.9
			30.9
	27.9
			Source: Survey of Energy Resources 2010, World Energy Council.

Production*

												Change	2012
												2012 over	share of
Million tonnes oil equivalent	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2011	total
US	570.1	553.6	572.4	580.2	595.1	587.7	596.7	540.8	551.2	556.1	515.9	-7.5%	13.4%
Canada	34.3	31.8	33.9	35.3	34.8	35.7	35.6	33.1	35.4	35.5	35.2	-1.1%	0.9%
Mexico	5.3	4.6	4.7	5.2	5.5	6.0	5.5	5.0	5.8	7.0	6.6	-5.3%	0.2%
Total North America	609.6	590.1	611.0	620.7	635.4	629.4	637.8	578.9	592.4	598.5	557.7	-7.1%	14.5%
Brazil	1.9	1.8	2.0	2.4	2.2	2.3	2.5	1.9	2.0	2.1	2.2	5.7%	0.1%
Colombia	25.7	32.5	34.9	38.4	42.6	45.4	47.8	47.3	48.3	55.8	58.0	3.7%	1.5%
Venezuela	5.9	5.1	5.9	5.3	5.7	4.5	3.6	2.4	2.0	1.7	1.2	-27.9%
Venezuela	5.9	5.1	5.9	5.3	5.7	4.5	3.6	2.4	2.0	1.7	1.2	-27.9%
Other S. & Cent. America	0.4	0.5	0.2	0.3	0.6	0.3	0.4	0.5	0.3	0.4	0.5	9.3%
Other S. & Cent. America	0.4	0.5	0.2	0.3	0.6	0.3	0.4	0.5	0.3	0.4	0.5	9.3%
Total S. & Cent. America	33.9	39.9	43.0	46.3	51.2	52.5	54.3	52.2	52.7	59.9	61.8	2.9%	1.6%
Bulgaria	4.3	4.5	4.4	4.1	4.2	4.7	4.8	4.5	4.9	6.1	5.4	-12.1%	0.1%
Czech Republic	24.3	24.2	23.5	23.5	23.8	23.6	22.8	21.0	20.8	21.6	20.7	-4.2%	0.5%
France	1.1	1.3	0.4	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	†	0.1	0.1	0.1	-0.3%
France	1.1	1.3	0.4	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	†	0.1	0.1	0.1	-0.3%
Germany	55.0	54.1	54.7	53.2	50.3	51.5	47.7	44.4	43.7	44.6	45.7	2.0%	1.2%
Greece	9.1	9.0	9.6	9.4	8.6	9.0	8.8	8.6	7.8	7.9	7.9	-0.5%	0.2%
Hungary	2.7	2.8	2.4	2.0	2.1	2.0	1.9	1.9	1.9	2.0	1.9	-3.0%
Hungary	2.7	2.8	2.4	2.0	2.1	2.0	1.9	1.9	1.9	2.0	1.9	-3.0%
Kazakhstan	37.8	43.3	44.4	44.2	49.1	50.0	56.8	51.5	54.0	56.2	58.8	4.2%	1.5%
Poland	71.3	71.4	70.5	68.7	67.0	62.3	60.5	56.4	55.5	56.6	58.8	3.6%	1.5%
Romania	6.6	7.0	6.7	6.6	6.5	6.7	6.7	6.4	5.8	6.7	6.4	-4.3%	0.2%
Russian Federation	117.3	127.1	131.7	139.2	145.1	148.0	153.4	142.1	151.1	158.0	168.1	6.1%	4.4%
Spain	7.2	6.8	6.7	6.4	6.1	5.7	4.1	3.8	3.4	2.5	2.4	-5.5%	0.1%
Turkey	11.5	10.4	10.1	12.6	13.7	16.0	16.8	17.1	15.8	16.3	15.4	-5.6%	0.4%
Ukraine	42.8	41.6	42.2	41.0	41.7	39.9	41.3	38.4	39.9	44.0	45.9	4.0%	1.2%
United Kingdom	18.2	17.2	15.3	12.5	11.3	10.3	11.0	10.9	11.2	11.3	10.2	-10.1%	0.3%
Other Europe & Eurasia	17.9	19.0	18.5	17.7	18.5	20.6	21.0	20.3	20.1	21.5	21.2	-1.5%	0.6%
Total Europe & Eurasia	427.2	439.8	441.0	441.2	448.2	450.7	457.8	427.2	436.0	455.5	469.0	2.7%	12.2%
Total Middle East	0.6	0.7	0.8	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	0.7	0.6	0.7	0.7	-0.3%
Total Middle East	0.6	0.7	0.8	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	0.7	0.6	0.7	0.7	-0.3%
South Africa	124.1	134.1	137.2	137.7	138.0	139.6	142.4	141.2	145.0	141.8	146.6	3.1%	3.8%
Zimbabwe	2.5	1.8	2.4	2.2	1.4	1.3	1.0	1.1	1.7	1.7	1.7	-0.3%
Zimbabwe	2.5	1.8	2.4	2.2	1.4	1.3	1.0	1.1	1.7	1.7	1.7	-0.3%
Other Africa	1.3	1.6	1.3	1.2	1.3	1.0	1.0	0.9	1.1	1.1	1.1	-0.3%
Other Africa	1.3	1.6	1.3	1.2	1.3	1.0	1.0	0.9	1.1	1.1	1.1	-0.3%
Total Africa	128.0	137.5	140.9	141.1	140.6	141.9	144.4	143.2	147.8	144.5	149.3	3.0%	3.9%
Australia	184.3	189.4	196.8	205.7	210.8	217.1	224.1	232.1	236.0	230.8	241.1	4.2%	6.3%
China	775.2	917.4	1061.3	1174.8	1264.3	1345.8	1401.0	1486.5	1617.5	1758.0	1825.0	3.5%	47.5%
India	138.5	144.4	155.7	162.1	170.2	181.0	195.6	210.8	217.5	215.7	228.8	5.8%	6.0%
Indonesia	63.5	70.3	81.4	93.9	119.2	133.4	147.8	157.6	169.2	217.3	237.4	9.0%	6.2%
Japan	0.8	0.7	0.7	0.6	0.7	0.8	0.7	0.7	0.5	0.7	0.7	3.6%
Japan	0.8	0.7	0.7	0.6	0.7	0.8	0.7	0.7	0.5	0.7	0.7	3.6%
New Zealand	2.8	3.2	3.3	3.3	3.6	3.0	3.0	2.8	3.3	3.1	3.1	-0.3%	0.1%
Pakistan	1.6	1.5	1.5	1.6	1.7	1.6	1.8	1.6	1.5	1.4	1.2	-13.5%
Pakistan	1.6	1.5	1.5	1.6	1.7	1.6	1.8	1.6	1.5	1.4	1.2	-13.5%
South Korea	1.5	1.5	1.4	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.2	1.1	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.1%
South Korea	1.5	1.5	1.4	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.2	1.1	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.1%
Thailand	5.7	5.3	5.6	5.8	5.3	5.1	5.0	5.0	5.1	6.0	5.1	-14.3%	0.1%
Vietnam	9.2	10.8	14.7	18.3	21.8	22.4	23.0	25.2	24.6	24.9	23.5	-6.1%	0.6%
Other Asia Paciﬁc	19.6	20.3	22.1	24.9	25.3	24.0	25.8	28.8	36.9	41.1	40.0	-3.1%	1.0%
Total Asia Paciﬁc	1202.7	1364.9	1544.5	1692.2	1824.2	1935.6	2028.9	2152.1	2313.2	2499.9	2606.8	4.0%	67.8%
Total World	2401.9	2572.7	2781.3	2942.4	3100.7	3211.1	3324.2	3354.3	3542.7	3759.1	3845.3	2.0%	100.0%
of which: OECD	1006.3	990.0	1013.4	1026.1	1041.4	1040.3	1048.0	986.7	1000.2	1003.7	973.4	-3.3%	25.3%
Non-OECD	1395.6	1582.7	1767.9	1916.3	2059.3	2170.8	2276.2	2367.6	2542.5	2755.4	2871.9	3.9%	74.7%
European Union	205.0	203.8	199.1	191.3	184.6	181.3	173.4	162.7	160.5	165.0	165.1	-0.2%	4.3%
Former Soviet Union	201.4	215.8	222.2	228.5	239.9	242.5	256.2	236.5	250.1	263.8	278.6	5.3%	7.2%

*Commercial solid fuels only, i.e. bituminous coal and anthracite (hard coal), and lignite and brown (sub-bituminous) coal.Less than 0.05%.

Notes: Coal production data expressed in million tonnes is available at bp.com/statisticalreview.

Growth rates are adjusted for leap years.

Consumption*

												Change	2012
												2012 over	share of
Million tonnes oil equivalent	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2011	total

US	552.0	562.5	566.1	574.2	565.7	573.3	564.1	496.2	523.9	495.5	437.8	-11.9%	11.7%
Canada	31.8	31.7	29.8	30.9	29.9	31.3	29.6	24.4	25.0	22.3	21.9	-2.2%	0.6%
Mexico	6.8	7.9	6.6	8.2	8.2	8.2	6.7	7.7	8.5	8.9	8.8	-0.7%	0.2%
Total North America	590.5	602.1	602.6	613.3	603.7	612.7	600.4	528.4	557.5	526.7	468.5	-11.3%	12.6%
Argentina	0.5	0.7	0.8	0.9	0.3	0.4	1.1	1.2	1.0	0.9	1.0	4.4%
Argentina	0.5	0.7	0.8	0.9	0.3	0.4	1.1	1.2	1.0	0.9	1.0	4.4%
Brazil	10.8	11.1	12.0	11.9	11.8	12.6	12.7	10.8	13.3	14.1	13.5	-4.4%	0.4%
Chile	2.4	2.3	2.6	2.6	3.2	3.8	4.1	3.7	4.2	5.3	6.7	25.1%	0.2%
Colombia	2.2	2.4	2.0	2.7	2.4	2.4	2.8	3.5	4.0	4.3	4.0	-7.3%	0.1%
Ecuador	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Peru	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.8	0.6	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.7	0.8	6.0%
Peru	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.8	0.6	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.7	0.8	6.0%
Trinidad & Tobago	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Venezuela	†	†	–	†	†	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	5.3%
Venezuela	†	†	–	†	†	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	5.3%
Other S. & Cent. America	0.9	2.0	1.8	1.6	1.8	1.9	2.0	1.9	2.0	2.0	2.0	2.5%	0.1%
Total S. & Cent. America	17.5	19.2	20.0	20.5	20.2	22.0	23.5	22.0	25.4	27.6	28.2	2.0%	0.8%
Austria	3.0	3.3	3.3	3.1	3.1	3.0	2.8	2.3	2.5	2.6	2.0	-23.8%	0.1%
Azerbaijan	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	3.8%
Azerbaijan	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	3.8%
Belarus	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	†	†	†	†	†	†	1.2%
Belarus	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	†	†	†	†	†	†	1.2%
Belgium	6.0	5.8	5.6	5.0	4.8	4.4	3.9	3.1	3.3	3.3	3.0	-9.5%	0.1%
Bulgaria	6.5	7.2	7.1	6.8	6.9	7.7	7.5	6.4	6.8	8.1	7.0	-13.4%	0.2%
Czech Republic	20.6	20.8	20.9	20.4	21.1	21.2	19.9	17.4	18.2	18.0	16.6	-7.8%	0.4%
Denmark	4.2	5.7	4.6	3.7	5.6	4.7	4.1	4.0	3.8	3.2	2.5	-23.4%	0.1%
Finland	4.1	5.5	5.0	2.9	4.7	4.4	3.0	3.3	4.3	3.4	2.9	-15.1%	0.1%
France	12.7	13.6	13.5	13.8	12.5	13.4	12.7	10.5	11.3	9.5	11.4	20.1%	0.3%
Germany	84.6	87.2	85.4	82.1	83.5	85.7	80.1	71.7	76.6	76.0	79.2	3.9%	2.1%
Greece	9.8	9.4	9.0	8.8	8.1	8.5	8.1	8.1	7.4	7.5	7.5	-0.5%	0.2%
Hungary	3.4	3.6	3.3	3.0	3.2	3.4	3.3	2.7	3.0	3.0	3.0	-1.9%	0.1%
Republic of Ireland	1.8	1.7	1.8	1.9	1.6	1.6	1.4	1.2	1.2	1.3	1.5	16.9%
Republic of Ireland	1.8	1.7	1.8	1.9	1.6	1.6	1.4	1.2	1.2	1.3	1.5	16.9%
Italy	13.3	14.0	16.0	16.0	16.4	16.6	16.4	12.9	14.3	16.1	16.2	0.3%	0.4%
Kazakhstan	22.8	25.2	26.5	27.2	29.8	31.7	33.4	32.6	31.6	34.0	35.0	2.6%	0.9%
Lithuania	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2	-5.5%
Lithuania	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2	-5.5%
Netherlands	8.9	9.1	9.1	8.7	8.5	9.0	8.5	7.9	7.9	7.8	8.5	8.2%	0.2%
Norway	0.8	0.7	0.8	0.7	0.6	0.7	0.7	0.5	0.6	0.7	0.7	-0.5%
Norway	0.8	0.7	0.8	0.7	0.6	0.7	0.7	0.5	0.6	0.7	0.7	-0.5%
Poland	56.7	57.7	57.3	55.7	58.0	57.9	56.0	51.9	56.4	56.1	54.0	-4.0%	1.4%
Portugal	4.1	3.8	3.7	3.8	3.8	3.3	2.5	2.9	1.7	2.2	2.9	31.4%	0.1%
Romania	7.6	7.8	7.4	7.6	8.5	7.4	7.4	6.6	6.1	7.3	6.7	-9.5%	0.2%
Russian Federation	103.0	104.0	99.5	94.2	96.7	93.4	100.4	91.9	90.2	93.7	93.9		2.5%
Russian Federation	103.0	104.0	99.5	94.2	96.7	93.4	100.4	91.9	90.2	93.7	93.9		2.5%
Slovakia	4.0	4.2	4.1	3.9	3.8	3.8	3.7	3.5	3.4	3.3	3.2	-3.5%	0.1%
Spain	22.7	21.0	22.0	22.5	19.8	21.9	15.5	11.8	9.8	15.5	19.3	24.2%	0.5%
Sweden	2.2	2.2	2.3	2.2	2.3	2.2	2.0	1.6	2.1	2.0	1.5	-25.7%
Sweden	2.2	2.2	2.3	2.2	2.3	2.2	2.0	1.6	2.1	2.0	1.5	-25.7%
Switzerland	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	6.5%
Switzerland	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	6.5%
Turkey	19.3	20.7	21.8	21.8	25.9	28.9	29.2	30.4	30.9	33.1	31.3	-5.6%	0.8%
Turkmenistan	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–-	–
Ukraine	38.9	40.3	39.1	37.4	39.7	39.7	40.2	35.1	37.9	41.5	44.6	6.9%	1.2%
United Kingdom	35.7	38.1	36.6	37.4	40.9	38.4	35.6	29.9	31.0	31.5	39.1	24.0%	1.0%
Uzbekistan	1.0	0.7	1.2	1.2	1.7	1.4	1.4	1.1	1.1	1.2	1.2	-0.3%
Uzbekistan	1.0	0.7	1.2	1.2	1.7	1.4	1.4	1.1	1.1	1.2	1.2	-0.3%
Other Europe & Eurasia	21.9	23.1	23.7	22.1	19.2	20.5	21.0	19.7	21.1	22.5	22.2	-1.7%	0.6%
Total Europe & Eurasia	520.1	536.9	531.2	514.5	531.3	535.1	521.0	471.4	484.8	504.6	516.9	2.2%	13.9%
Iran	1.1	1.1	1.2	1.3	1.2	1.3	0.9	1.0	0.9	0.9	0.9	-2.1%
Iran	1.1	1.1	1.2	1.3	1.2	1.3	0.9	1.0	0.9	0.9	0.9	-2.1%
Israel	7.6	7.9	8.0	7.9	7.8	8.0	7.9	7.7	7.7	7.9	8.8	10.8%	0.2%
Kuwait	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Qatar	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Saudi Arabia	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
United Arab Emirates	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Other Middle East	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2	-2.6%
Other Middle East	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2	-2.6%
Total Middle East	8.9	9.1	9.2	9.3	9.2	9.5	9.0	8.9	8.8	9.0	9.9	9.2%	0.3%
Algeria	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.2	–	–	–	–	–
Egypt	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.9%
Egypt	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.9%
South Africa	76.2	81.4	85.2	84.4	85.4	90.1	96.9	92.9	90.0	89.1	89.8	0.5%	2.4%
Other Africa	7.1	6.3	7.1	7.3	6.8	6.2	6.4	5.4	6.4	6.5	6.6	1.1%	0.2%
Total Africa	85.1	89.5	94.2	93.5	94.0	98.0	105.0	99.7	97.4	96.7	97.5	0.6%	2.6%
Australia	51.1	49.4	50.8	53.5	56.0	54.1	54.6	54.5	51.6	51.7	49.3	-4.9%	1.3%
Bangladesh	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.5	0.4	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.7	0.7	5.8%
Bangladesh	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.5	0.4	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.7	0.7	5.8%
China	728.4	868.2	1019.9	1128.3	1250.4	1320.3	1369.2	1470.7	1609.7	1760.8	1873.3	6.1%	50.2%
China Hong Kong SAR	5.4	6.6	6.6	6.7	7.0	7.5	7.0	7.6	6.3	7.7	7.6	-1.7%	0.2%
India	151.8	156.8	172.3	184.4	195.4	210.3	230.4	251.5	262.7	270.6	298.3	9.9%	8.0%
Indonesia	18.0	24.2	22.2	25.4	30.1	37.8	30.1	34.6	41.2	48.9	50.4	2.8%	1.4%
Japan	106.6	112.2	120.8	121.3	119.1	125.3	128.7	108.8	123.7	117.7	124.4	5.4%	3.3%
Malaysia	3.6	5.3	6.6	6.9	7.3	8.8	9.8	10.6	14.8	14.8	14.3	-3.2%	0.4%
New Zealand	1.4	2.0	2.1	2.3	2.2	1.7	2.1	1.6	1.4	1.4	1.7	21.3%
New Zealand	1.4	2.0	2.1	2.3	2.2	1.7	2.1	1.6	1.4	1.4	1.7	21.3%
Pakistan	2.4	2.9	3.8	4.1	4.2	5.1	5.3	4.7	4.5	4.3	4.3	-1.8%	0.1%
Philippines	4.7	4.7	5.0	5.7	5.5	5.9	7.0	6.7	7.7	8.3	9.4	13.2%	0.3%
Singapore	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
South Korea	49.1	51.1	53.1	54.8	54.8	59.7	66.1	68.6	75.9	83.6	81.8	-2.4%	2.2%
Taiwan	32.7	35.1	36.6	38.1	39.6	41.8	40.2	38.7	40.3	41.5	41.1	-1.2%	1.1%
Thailand	9.2	9.4	10.4	11.2	12.4	14.1	15.3	14.5	15.3	16.0	16.0	-0.3%	0.4%
Vietnam	5.3	5.5	8.2	8.0	9.5	10.1	10.0	14.0	13.9	15.0	14.9	-0.8%	0.4%
Other Asia Paciﬁc	19.0	19.5	19.6	21.0	22.6	19.3	21.2	20.7	20.6	21.2	21.6	1.6%	0.6%
Total Asia Paciﬁc	1188.9	1353.2	1538.1	1672.1	1816.8	1922.4	1997.4	2108.4	2290.2	2464.2	2609.1	5.6%	69.9%
Total World	2411.0	2610.0	2795.2	2923.2	3075.1	3199.8	3256.3	3238.7	3464.0	3628.8	3730.1	2.5%	100.0%
of which: OECD	1131.1	1160.2	1171.1	1178.1	1180.2	1204.0	1178.4	1055.7	1117.2	1096.1	1053.1	-4.2%	28.2%
Non-OECD	1279.9	1449.8	1624.1	1745.1	1894.9	1995.8	2077.9	2183.0	2346.8	2532.7	2677.0	5.4%	71.8%
European Union	316.6	326.9	323.1	314.4	322.2	324.1	299.7	264.4	276.7	283.4	293.7	3.4%	7.9%
Former Soviet Union	169.5	174.5	170.9	164.2	171.9	170.9	180.0	164.8	166.1	175.9	180.2	2.2%	4.8%

*Commercial solid fuels only, i.e. bituminous coal and anthracite (hard coal), and lignite and brown (sub-bituminous) coal. †Less than 0.05.

Less than 0.05%.

Notes: Differences between these world consumption figures and the world production statistics are accounted for by stock changes, and unavoidable disparities in the definition, measurement or conversion of coal supply and demand data.

Growth rates are adjusted for leap years.

Production by region

Million tonnes oil equivalent

	Asia Pacific	4000
	Asia Pacific
	Africa
	Middle East
	Europe & Eurasia
	Europe & Eurasia	3500
	S. & Cent. America	3500
	S. & Cent. America
	North America

		3000

		2500

		2000

		1500

		1000

		500

Consumption by region

Million tonnes oil equivalent

	Asia Pacific	4000
	Asia Pacific
	Africa
	Middle East
	Europe & Eurasia
	Europe & Eurasia	3500
	S. & Cent. America	3500
	S. & Cent. America
	North America

		3000

		2500

		2000

		1500

		1000

		500


87	92	97	02	07	12	0	87		92	97	02	07	12	0

Global coal production grew by 2%. The Asia Pacific region accounted for all of the net increase, offsetting a large decline in the US. The Asia Pacific region now accounts for more than two-thirds of global output. Coal consumption increased by a below-average 2.5%. The Asia Pacific region was also responsible for all of the net growth in global consumption. A second consecutive large decline in North America (-11.3%) more than offset growth in other regions; EU consumption grew for a third consecutive year.

Consumption per capita 2012

Tonnes oil equivalent

0-0.25

0.25-0.5

0.5-1.0

1.0-1.5 > 1.5

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