Sound [g]

If you go digging in the garden don't forget to get your old grey gloves.

5) Ship or Sheep U – 29

6) Listening U – 6a

7) Pronunciation Tasks U –14

8)

Sound [s]

Sister Suzie sits and sews sailor's skirts.

9) Ship or Sheep U – 30

10) Listening II U - 6a

Control Questions:

1) What tones, types of head, pr – head, tail do you know?

2) Pronounce the phrases with different intonation contours.

3) Draw a tonogramme. Find a pre – head, head and tail. Use different types of them and state the effect of it.

Literature:

1) Antipova E. English Intonation.

2) Arakin V.D. Practical Course of English. M., 1978

3) Vasiliev V.A. English Intonation. M., 1980, pp. 100 – 118

4) O'Connor. Better English Pronunciation

UNIT 31 – 33

RHYTM AND TEMPO

Main Theoretical Concepts:

Rhythm in speech is the recurrence of the stressed syllables in a sense – group at certain intervals of time. In connected English speech stressed syllables have a strong tendency to follow each other as nearly as possible at equal intervals of time between the stressed syllables.

A stressed syllables pronounced together with the unstressed syllables forms a rhythmic group. A sense – group may consist of one or more rhythmic groups. If there are several rhythmic groups in a sense – group, each of them takes the same time to pronounce.

Changes in the tempo of English speech caused by the regularity of its rhythm are closely connected with changes in the length of English sounds, especially vowels.

The characteristic features of English speech rhythm may be summed up as follows:

1. The regular recurrence of stressed syllables, which results in:

a) the pronunciation of each rhythmic group in a sentence – group in the same period of time, irrespective of the number of unstressed syllables in it;

b) the influence of this feature of English speech rhythm upon the tempo of speech and the length of sounds.

2. The alternation of stressed and unstressed syllables, which results in the influence of rhythm upon word – stress and sentence – stress.

Practical Tasks:

1) Copy out the following sentence, mark their intonation and read them.

2) Read the following exercises keeping a steady rhythm.

3) Practice the following poem.

This is the house that Jack built.

This is the malt that lay in the house that Jack built.

This is the rat that ate the malt that lay in the house that Jack built.

This is the cat that killed the rat that ate the malt that lay in the house that Jack built.

This is the dog that worried the cat that killed the rat that ate the malt that lay in the house that Jack built.

This is the caw with the crumpled horn that tossed the dog that worried the cat that killed the rat that ate the malt that lay in the house that Jack built.

4)

Sound [z]

The lazy zebra called Desmond is dozing at the Zoo.

5) Ship or Sheep U – 31

6) Listening II U – 7a

7)

Sound [s]

She sells the sea – shells on the sea shore.

The shells that she sells are sea – shells, I'm sure.

8) Ship or Sheep U – 32

9) Listening II U – 7b

10) Pronunciation Tasks U – 32, 33, 34

11)