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Файл:Ординатура / Хирургия / Библиотека им академика М.И. Перельмана / Книга_5672_Библиотеки_им_академика_М_И_Перельмана
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4
Metals in Medicine, Volume 2
18
-
are attached to the nanocarriers either physically (e.g., by encapsulation) or
inside the malignant cells. For instance, one selective intracellular drug
prompts glutathione to supersede the therapeutic molecules conjugated
19
FIGURE 1.1
Source
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Gold-based Nanoparticles and Their Applications in Cancer Therapy
5
-
20
therapeutic peptides,
21
and synthetic and coordination compounds.
22,23
and limited solubility.
24
Nonetheless, conjugating these molecules to AuNPs
through permanent chemical (covalent) bonds (e.g., amino, carboxylate
25
In general, PEGylated AuNPs improve the tumor
26
27
Moreover, the
28
this enabled the AuNPs
-
sulating them in hydrophobic pockets, and to release them into the cells by
-
proteins, and improves gene repairs and cell division. Despite their potential
therapeutic characteristics, RNA is prone to environmental degradation
1,30
tumor-suppressive miRNA has been attached to spherical AuNPs.
31
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Metals in Medicine, Volume 2
-
ERα and HER2.
32
DNA-AuNPs conjugates have the potential to provide photothermal therapy
33,34
Moreover, AuNPs can be
35
exposing AuNPs to laser irradiation, the generated heat releases the attached
DNA molecules.
36
exposure to pulsed NIR laser causes Au-S bond breakage, and consequently,
the entire DNA molecules are released
37
FIGURE 1.2
Source
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Gold-based Nanoparticles and Their Applications in Cancer Therapy
7
38
FIGURE 1.3
strand DNA.
Source
Upon exposure to thermal stress (42°C–45°C), cancer cells experience
apoptosis, the high temperature causes irreversible damage to the mitochon-
dria.
24
39
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Metals in Medicine, Volume 2
and nanocarbons,
40,41
targeted tumors.
42
-
-
43
FIGURE 1.4
spectrometry.
44
Source
980
max s urr dis
A
)
(hS(T -T )-Q )
I(1 10
η
−
−
=
(1.1)
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Gold-based Nanoparticles and Their Applications in Cancer Therapy
9
hST
max
is
T
surr
is the ambient temperature
Q
dis
-
Given the selectivity AuNPs provide in targeting tumors, anti-human
45
Moreover,
in in-vivo studies conducted on immune-competent mice, murine colon
-
ment, the tumors experienced complete regression, and the treated animal
treatment.
46
Another polymer that is used to coat AuNPs is Chitosan, thanks
to its excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability.
47
Chitosan is capable
chitosan, the nanocarriers exhibited good tumor accumulation, long circula-
-
48
Further, the
49
healthy tissues.
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Metals in Medicine, Volume 2
TABLE 1.1
AuNP type Geometry Efficiency of
conversion
Laser properties Strategy Medicinal therapy Mechanism
Gold
nano-rods
17 × 56 nm
2
, 808 nm
10 × 38 nm
laser, 809 nm
13 × 44 nm 815 nm
laden macrophages.
7 × 26 nm
2
in-vitro cell eradication,
(in-vivo and in-vitro),
Gold
nano-cages
Wall thickness
nm length
2
(In-vivo and in-vitro),
-
Gold nano-
spheres
20 nm 0.28W, continuous
antibodies.
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Gold-based Nanoparticles and Their Applications in Cancer Therapy
11
AuNP type Geometry Efficiency of
conversion
Laser properties Strategy Medicinal therapy Mechanism
Gold
nanoshell
50 nm 815 nm PEGylated, targeted, NIR
145 nm
2
In-vitro cell eradication
154 nm 815 nm
(in-vitro)
macrophages and monocytes.
152 nm
cm
2
delivery, cells eradication
Gold nano-
145 × 123 ×
10 nm
2
and in-vitro)
Gold
nano-rings
400 nm
laser, 700–900 nm,
2
Source
TABLE 1.1
(Continued)
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Metals in Medicine, Volume 2
metastasis.
50
AuNPs that enable combined therapeutic strategies such as radiation and
chemotherapy.
51,52
-
thermal treatment or chemotherapy alone.
51–54
to several high-temperature characteristics that encourage the combination
55
the thermal stress induces high
56
created by chemotherapy agents.
57
When exposed to NIR laser, the nanoparticles exerted an enhanced suppres-
incurred due to exposure to radiation.
52
Moreover, applying thermal stress
59
Further, mild hyperthermia
60
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Gold-based Nanoparticles and Their Applications in Cancer Therapy
13
and oxygen.
61
oxygen, the molecules in the triplet state experience photochemical reac-
stress that destructs the cancer cells.
62
the PSs to AuNPs.
24
63
-
lial system.
64,65
66
primarily by the damage occurred to the vasculature. PEGylated AuNPs are
therapeutic drugs across highly selective semipermeable borders (e.g., the
pep
pep
-PEG-AuNPs-Pc 4). Furthermore, the Pc 4 delivery
67
Combining photodynamic and photothermal therapies can enhance the
https://t.me/med1917
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