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174
Metals in Medicine, Volume 2
6.1 INORGANIC NANOPARTICLES
 -
           
    
1,2
Inorganic
nanoparticles such as Ag and Au NPs, magnetic nanoparticles, metal-oxide-
    
dots, nanorods, nanosheets, nanocomposites, and other structures gain




capabilities make them advanced materials, especially in sensor applica-

3
Nano-structured metal-oxide semiconductors had
potential in toxic gas and combustible gas sensor applications due to their
 
        
metal-oxide nanoparticles has a role in the optical, electrical, and thermal
    
2
nanoparticles have been

ammonia, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen gases because


small nanocomposites and SnO
2


Sampath et al.
4

into SnO
2


and decreasing band gap energy. Furthermore, the photocatalytic activity
       
untreated SnO
2
nanoparticles.
4
Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been
        
      -




hyperthermia, magnetic imaging system, controlled drug release systems,
and sensor studies.
5
  
https://t.me/med1917
Silver/Gold Nanoparticle for Photothermal Therapy of Cancer
175
      
ceramic nanosheets in packaging systems has been extensively investigated
       

     -
    
0D and 1D nanocomposites. Moreover, it is possible to increase the barrier
        


6



      -

-


        

  
specic characteristic

6.2 GREEN METHODOLOGIES OF Ag/Au NPs
         


       
 
          
    
       
    

        
uneven distribution. Chemical processes use both inorganic and organic
reducing agents. Compared to physical methods, they provide nanoparticle
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
components can exhibit toxic and corrosive properties. Due to global
         
        -


        



        

        
synthesis using microorganisms as they do not require complex and special-


7
 

natural materials.
FIGURE 6.1         
natural materials.
Ag NPs have properties that vary depending on pH and temperature.
        

https://t.me/med1917
Silver/Gold Nanoparticle for Photothermal Therapy of Cancer
177

          
) to
Ag
0
      
       
phenols, proteins, and amino groups) contained in the plant extracts actively
  
8
Due to their excellent
characteristics such as optical, physical, electrical, morphology, chemical,


have other advantages, such as non-cytotoxicity and chemical inertness. In
   -

Recently , microbial-based Ag and Au NPs have been investigated in various
      

et al.,
9
Pseu-
domonas indica       

   
3
)

            -

property against Mucor racemosus, Syncephalastrum racemosum, and
Rhizopus microsporus       

9
Mistry et al.
10

Aspergillus brunneoviolaceus


-
−
10

11
used
Beauveria bassiana
        
study, Shunmugam et al.
12
Vibrio alginolyticus, marine bacterium,

  
         
 
   -

https://t.me/med1917
178
Metals in Medicine, Volume 2
          


50
        
   

lines, in conclusion.
12

    




It has been underlined that using plant extract-based methods rather than
         

       
With recent green trends, Ovas et al. investigated Conocarpus lancifolius

3

3


ions to Ag
0

    
3
precipi-
   





         Rhizopus
stolonifer and Aspergillus avus
   
MDA MB-231 breast cancer cell lines.
13
In 2021, Sellami et al.
14
carried out

Olea europaea O. eur opaea

4



 

https://t.me/med1917
Silver/Gold Nanoparticle for Photothermal Therapy of Cancer
179

method, these nanoparticles have cytotoxic potential against MCF-7 cancer
       


14
Natural sources
      

TABLE 6.1 
Material Nanoparticles Size
Pseudomonas indica Ag NPs 2.3–53.5 nm
Aspergillus brunneoviolaceus Ag NPs 0.72 and 15.21 nm
Beauveria bassiana Ag NPs 10–50 nm
Vibrio alginolyticus Au NPs 100–150 nm
Conocarpus lancifolius Ag NPs 21–173 nm
Olea europaea Au NPs 40 nm
Pleurotus sajor-caju Au NPs-Ag NPs 15–20 nm
Pandanus canaranus Au NPs-Ag NPs 37.44 nm and 6.33–24.43 nm, respectively
Commiphora wightii Au NPs 20.2 nm
Waste banana stalks Au NPs-Ag NPs
37.44 nm and 6.33–24.43 nm,
respectively
6.3 SURFACE CHARACTERIZATION

      
interparticle interactions. For this purpose, various techniques, such as
     -

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscope
      
, and dynamic light scattering (DLS), have
         
nanosystems. For example, Abid et al.
15
  
       
     


https://t.me/med1917
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Metals in Medicine, Volume 2
-


15
In another study , Magogotya
et al.
16

polyethylene glycol (PEG)-liganded -carboxyl, -hydroxyl, and -amine Au
       
  
 


positively

-

16
In 2020, Chand et al.
17

2
NPs using Acacia catechu
  


       





       -
     


17
Zhang et al.
18




-
  



   

https://t.me/med1917
Silver/Gold Nanoparticle for Photothermal Therapy of Cancer
181

-


18
6.4 PROPERTIES OF Ag NPs AND Au NPs
       
-
           
examined.
19

-
     


        
           
      


uses in engineering, biotechnology , and especially medicine, considering the
       

20


          
         
      
applications in BiFeO
3


therapy.
21
   
22
    
polydispersity and homogeneous dispersion could be produced in a sodium
         

-
bial activity as compared to the tested microorganisms. For this reason, Au


https://t.me/med1917
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Metals in Medicine, Volume 2
         
 
22
In another study, Doan et
al.
23
     

strains demonstrated very robust bioactivity against the green Ag NPs. It

against Bacillus cereus (4.0 ppm) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) (2.0 ppm).


24
),
    Ganoderma lucidum mushroom


detection and

-
     





4

       
-










including Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis),
Bacillus cereus (B. cereus), Escherichia coli (E. coli), and Pseudomonas
aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa). In ecological, toxicological, biomedical, and


over GL-Au NPs.
24
-
-


their antimicrobial properties. In biomedical applications, Ag NPs-based
https://t.me/med1917
Silver/Gold Nanoparticle for Photothermal Therapy of Cancer
183
        -
    

     

    -

25
6.5 Ag AND Au NPs FOR DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS
        

kinetic models have been calculated to better understand drug release


26



  
phytocomponents, the green nanoparticles are extremely stable in aqueous
dispersions. According to the in vivo and in vitro experimental results, the
  

-



empirical observations.
26
In 2018, Jabir et al.
27



      



  
NPs had great potential in antimicrobial drug delivery systems.
27
Chaturyedi
et al.
28
        
Pleurotus sajor-caju 

https://t.me/med1917