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ɞɨɯɨɞɨɜ ɜ ɰɟɥɹɯ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɦɢɧɢɦɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɨɜ ɧɚ
ɜɡɢɦɚɧɢɟɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ
Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɜ
ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɦɟɪɨɣ ɩɨɥɧɨɬɵ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɣ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ ɜ ɛɸɞɠɟɬ ɢ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶɸ ɢɫɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɜɫɟɯ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɞɭɪ ɬɟɦ ɧɚɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɨɰɟɧɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɢ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɦ ɛɚɡɵ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɚ
ɬɚɤɠɟ ɭɪɨɜɧɟɦ ɡɚɬɪɚɬ ɧɚ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɫɚɦɨɝɨ ɮɢɫɤɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ
ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɚ
ȼ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɬɟɨɪɢɹɦɢ ɡɚɩɚɞɧɵɯ
ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɫɬɨɜ ɨɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ
ɭɞɨɜɥɟɬɜɨɪɹɬɶɬɪɟɦɜɚɠɧɟɣɲɢɦɤɪɢɬɟɪɢɹɦ
ɫɩɪɚɜɟɞɥɢɜɨɫɬɶ
ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɚɹɪɵɧɨɱɧɚɹɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ
ɛɸɞɠɟɬɧɚɹ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɦɢɧɢɦɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɨɜ ɧɚ
ɜɡɢɦɚɧɢɟɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ
ɉɟɪɜɵɟ ɞɜɚ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɨ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɧɨ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɟɟ ɝɥɚɜɧɨɟ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɪɟɱɢɟ
ɫɩɪɚɜɟɞɥɢɜɨɫɬɶ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɠɢɡɧɶ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɜɚɠɧɵɯ
ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɰɟɥɟɣ ɜ ɩɟɪɜɭɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ ɨɫɥɚɛɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ
ɧɟɪɚɜɟɧɫɬɜɚ ɚ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ± ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɦɟɲɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ
ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɜ ɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɟɧɧɭɸ ɠɢɡɧɶ ©ɧɟɣɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹª ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɩɪɨɝɪɟɫɫɢɜɧɚɹ ɲɤɚɥɚ ɩɨɞɨɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ
ɧɚɥɨɝɚɨɬɜɟɱɚɟɬɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣɫɩɪɚɜɟɞɥɢɜɨɫɬɢɧɨɩɥɨɯɨ
ɜɥɢɹɟɬɧɚɫɬɢɦɭɥɵɤɬɪɭɞɭ
ɗɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɚ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ
ɨɰɟɧɤɢɫɩɪɚɜɟɞɥɢɜɨɫɬɶɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɟɬɫɹɨɛɳɢɦɢɫɨɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɹɦɢɨ
ɪɚɜɟɧɫɬɜɟ
ɗɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶɬɪɟɛɭɟɬɭɞɨɛɫɬɜɚɜɡɢɦɚɧɢɹ ɢɭɩɥɚɬɵɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ
ɩɪɨɫɬɨɬɵ ɢ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ȼ ɫɜɨɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ
ɭɩɪɨɳɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɩɨɜɵɲɚɟɬ ɟɝɨ
ɫɩɪɚɜɟɞɥɢɜɨɫɬɶ ɫ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ± ɧɟ ɜɫɟɝɞɚ ɞɚɟɬ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɭɱɟɫɬɶ
ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟɚɫɩɟɤɬɵɩɪɢɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ
ɋɦ ɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɨɇɟɫɬɟɪɨɜ ȽȽ ɉɨɩɨɧɨɜɚɇȺɌɟɪɡɢɞɢ Ⱥȼɇɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɣɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶ± ɟ
ɢɡɞɩɟɪɟɪɚɛɢɞɨɩɭɱɟɛɩɨɫɨɛɢɟɆɗɤɫɦɨȽɥɚɜɚ
ɋɩɪɚɜɟɞɥɢɜɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɢ
ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɵɯ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ ɱɚɫɬɨ
ɜɡɚɢɦɨɢɫɤɥɸɱɚɸɬɞɪɭɝɞɪɭɝɚ
ɉɢ ɨɰɟɧɤɟ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɨ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɬɚɤɠɟ
ɞɢɧɚɦɢɤɚɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɣ
ɭɞɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɜɟɫ ɨɛɳɟɣ ɫɭɦɦɵ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ ɜ ɜɚɥɨɜɨɦɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɦ
ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɟ
ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɧɨɝɨ ɞɟɮɢɰɢɬɚ ɩɨ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɸ ɤ ɜɚɥɨɜɨɦɭ
ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɦɭɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɭ
ɨɛɴɟɦɵɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚɜɰɟɥɨɦɢɩɨɨɬɪɚɫɥɹɦ
ɨɛɴɟɦɵɤɚɩɢɬɚɥɶɧɵɯɜɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ
ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɵɯ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɜ ɰɟɥɨɦ ɩɨ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɟ ɢ ɩɨ
ɨɬɪɚɫɥɹɦ
ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶɢɧɮɥɹɰɢɢɢɬɞ
ɇɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɟ ɛɪɟɦɹ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɚɹ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɞɧɢɦ ɢɡ
ɤɥɸɱɟɜɵɯ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɸɳɢɯ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɢ
ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɨɞɧɢɦ ɢɡ
ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ
ȼɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟɜɪɟɦɹɩɨɧɹɬɢɟɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨɛɪɟɦɟɧɢɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ
ɩɪɢɨɛɫɭɠɞɟɧɢɢ ɬɚɤɢɯɚɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɢɤɚɤ ɬɟɦɩɵ
ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɨɫɬɚ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɦɚɥɨɝɨ ɛɢɡɧɟɫɚ
ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯɪɟɮɨɪɦɢɞɪ
Ɉɛɵɱɧɨ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɟ ɛɪɟɦɹ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɭɸ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɭ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬ
ɤɚɤ©ɦɟɪɭ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɣ ɫɨɡɞɚɜɚɟɦɵɯ ɨɬɱɢɫɥɟɧɢɟɦ
ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɧɚɭɩɥɚɬɭɧɚɥɨɝɚɢɥɢɧɚɥɨɝɨɜª
Ɇɨɠɧɨ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɢɬɶɫɹ ɫ ɦɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɂɇ Ⱦɚɧɢɧɨɣ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ
ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬ ɟɟ ɤɚɤ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɹ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɟ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ ɢ ɫɬɢɦɭɥɵ
ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹɧɚɦɚɤɪɨɭɪɨɜɧɟ
ɉɪɢɷɬɨɦɜɵɫɨɤɚɹɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɚɹɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɚɜ
ɬɟɤɭɳɟɦɩɟɪɢɨɞɟɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɬɫɹɤɚɤɮɚɤɬɨɪɫɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɸɳɢɣɪɨɫɬ
ɞɨɯɨɞɨɜɛɸɞɠɟɬɚɜɫɪɟɞɧɟɫɪɨɱɧɨɦɢɞɨɥɝɨɫɪɨɱɧɨɦɩɟɪɢɨɞɚɯ
ɋɦ ɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɨ Ƚɨɪɫɤɢɣ ɂȼ Ɇɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɵ ɤ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɇɚɥɨɝɨɜɚɹɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɚɢ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɚ± ʋ±ɋ
±
ȻɟɪɧɚɪɂɜɄɨɥɥɢ ɀɄ Ɍɨɥɤɨɜɵɣ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɢɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɵɣ ɫɥɨɜɚɪɶ ɮɪɚɧɰɭɡɫɤɚɹ
ɪɭɫɫɤɚɹ ɚɧɝɥɢɣɫɤɚɹ ɢɫɩɚɧɫɤɚɹ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɨɥɨɝɢɹ ȼ ɯ ɬɬ ɉɟɪ ɫ ɮɪ Ɇ Ɇɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɟ
ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹɌɋ
ɋɦ Ɇɚɥɨɜɚ ɘȼ Ɇɨɫɤɚɥɟɜɚ ȿȽ Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɧɚ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɟ
ɫɜɟɬɨɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɗɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɚ ɢ ɫɨɰɢɭɦ ʋ 85/
KWWSZZZLXSUUXGRPDLQVBGDWDILOHV]XUQDOB0DORYD<X9SGI ɞɚɬɚ ɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ
ȼ ɧɚɭɱɧɵɯ ɩɭɛɥɢɤɚɰɢɹɯ ɩɨɦɢɦɨ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɪɟɦɟɧɢ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɬɚɤɢɟ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɵ ɤɚɤ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɚɹɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɚɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɁɚɱɚɫɬɭɸɷɬɢ
ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɢ ɢɦɟɹ ɪɚɡɧɵɟ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɹ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɵ ɩɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɭ
ɢɫɱɢɫɥɟɧɢɹ
ɇɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɵ ɩɪɟɞɥɚɝɚɸɬ ɪɚɡɝɪɚɧɢɱɢɜɚɬɶ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ
©ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɟ ɛɪɟɦɹª ɢ ©ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɚɹ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɚª ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɩɨɞ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɦ ɛɪɟɦɟɧɟɦ ɩɪɟɞɥɚɝɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɬɶ ɫ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ
ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɸɳɢɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɚɦɢ ɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ
ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨɦ ɩɨ ɭɩɥɚɬɟ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɩɥɚɬɟɠɟɣ ɫ
ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɭ ɨɬɪɚɠɚɸɳɭɸ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɟ
ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɧɚ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɭ ɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ
ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɨɜ Ⱥ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɚɹ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɚ ɷɬɨ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɶ
ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɸɳɢɣɮɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣɭɪɨɜɟɧɶɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ
ȼ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɪɟɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ
ɩɨɧɹɬɢɟ ©ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɟ ɛɪɟɦɹª ɜ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ
ɷɜɨɥɸɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɥɨɤɛɨɥɟɟɦɹɝɤɨɦɭɩɨɧɹɬɢɸ©ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɚɹɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɚª
ɉɪɢɦɟɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɤ ɞɚɧɧɨɦɭ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɛɭɞɟɦ ɫɱɢɬɚɬɶ ɷɬɢ
ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹɢɞɟɧɬɢɱɧɵɦɢ
ȼɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ ɫɨɜɨɤɭɩɧɨɣ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨ
ɛɪɟɦɟɧɢɧɚɦɚɤɪɨɭɪɨɜɧɟɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹɞɨɥɟɣɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯɞɨɯɨɞɨɜɜ
ȼȼɉ ɢɫɯɨɞɹ ɢɡ ɫɭɦɦɵ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɢɜɲɢɯ ɮɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɭɩɥɚɱɟɧɧɵɯ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ ɇɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɟ ɞɨɯɨɞɵ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ
ɤɚɤ ɫɭɦɦɚ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɣ ɜɫɟɯ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ ɢ ɫɛɨɪɨɜ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ
ɩɨɲɥɢɧ ɫɬɪɚɯɨɜɵɯ ɜɡɧɨɫɨɜ ɧɚ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ
ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɟɫɬɪɚɯɨɜɚɧɢɟɢɩɪɨɱɢɯɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯɩɥɚɬɟɠɟɣ
Ɏɚɤɬɨɪɵ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɜɥɢɹɸɬ ɧɚ ȼȼɉ ɢ ɨɛɴɟɦ ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ
ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬ ɢ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɭ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɛɚɡɵ ɜ ɰɟɥɨɦ ɩɨ
ɫɬɪɚɧɟ
ɇɚ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɣ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɤɚ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ
ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɚ ɜ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚɯ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɫɹ ɫɨɜɨɤɭɩɧɨɫɬɶ
ɩɨɫɬɭɩɚɸɳɢɯ ɜ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɛɸɞɠɟɬ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ ɢ ɫɛɨɪɨɜ ɢ
ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɫɹ ɤ ȼɊɉ Ⱦɚɧɧɵɣ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɶ ɜ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɧɟ ɨɬɪɚɠɚɟɬ
ɪɟɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɪɚɡɦɟɪ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ ɢɡɡɚ
ɦɟɠɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɢɣ ɜ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɟ ȼɊɉ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɟɜɨɣ
ɅɚɡɭɬɢɧɚȾȼɇɚɥɨɝɨɜɚɹɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɚɢɦɟɬɨɞɵɟɟɪɚɫɱɟɬɚȺɜɬɨɪɟɮɞɢɫɫɤɷɧ
Ɍɸɦɟɧɶ
85/KWWSSURYL]LWNXUXDYWRUHIDYWBBOD]XWLQDBGBYBBQDORJRYDMDBQDJUX]NDBLBPHWRG\BHHBUDVFKH
WDBBWMXPHQBBBBBVKWPOɞɚɬɚɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ
ɩɪɢɧɚɞɥɟɠɧɨɫɬɢɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɦɨɣ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɦɢɢ ɦɟɫɬɧɵɦɢ
ɜɥɚɫɬɹɦɢɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɢɢɩɪɨɱɢɯɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ
ɋ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ
ɪɟɲɚɬɶ ɞɜɟ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɨɥɨɠɧɵɟ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɞɨɯɨɞɵ
ɛɸɞɠɟɬɚ ɫ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɢ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨ
ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɬɶ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɟ ɛɪɟɦɹ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɩɥɚɬɟɥɶɳɢɤɚɦɢ ± ɫ
ɞɪɭɝɨɣɉɪɢɷɬɨɦɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɞɨɥɠɧɚɫɬɢɦɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ
ɢɥɢ ɩɨ ɦɟɧɶɲɟɣ ɦɟɪɟ ɧɟ ɩɨɞɚɜɥɹɬɶ ɫɬɪɟɦɥɟɧɢɟ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɩɥɚɬɟɥɶɳɢɤɨɜɤɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɨɣɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢɚɬɚɤɠɟ
ɫɬɢɦɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯɨɬɪɚɫɥɟɣɢɪɟɝɢɨɧɨɜ
Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɧɚɣɬɢ ©ɡɨɥɨɬɭɸ
ɫɟɪɟɞɢɧɭª ɦɟɠɞɭ ɮɢɫɤɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɢ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦɢ
ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɜ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɟ ɨɞɢɧ ɢɡ
ɤɥɸɱɟɜɵɯ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɨɜ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɢ Ʉɪɢɬɟɪɢɹɦɢ
ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɢɢɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɦɨɝɭɬɜɵɫɬɭɩɚɬɶ
ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɢ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɚ ɧɢɠɧɹɹ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚ ɢ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ
ɩɥɚɬɟɠɟɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɢɧɚɥɨɝɨɩɥɚɬɟɥɶɳɢɤɨɜɜɟɪɯɧɢɣɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ
Ʉɚɤ ɨɬɦɟɱɚɟɬ ȼɢɬɨ Ɍɚɧɰɢ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ
ɫɟɤɬɨɪ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɬɶ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɰɟɥɟɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɩɪɢ
ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹɯ ɪɵɧɤɚ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɧɢɡɤɨɦ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɦ
ɛɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɞɥɹ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɩɥɚɬɟɥɶɳɢɤɨɜ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ
ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɥɭɠɚɳɢɯ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɯ
ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɨɜ ɢ ɩɪɢ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɢ
ɪɵɧɨɱɧɵɯɫɢɥ
ɉɪɟɞɟɥɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢɧɚ ɦɚɤɪɨɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬɜɩɟɪɜɭɸ
ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶɨɬɞɢɧɚɦɢɤɢɢɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɪɨɫɬɚ
Ⱦɥɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɣ ɩɨɞ
ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟɦ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɳɢɯ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ ɜ
ɦɚɤɪɨɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɷɥɚɫɬɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ
ɗ
ɝɞɟ ɯ ² ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɟɦɨɝɨ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɚ ¨ɯ ²
ɩɪɢɪɨɫɬɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɟɦɨɝɨ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɚɭ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɵɣɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɣ ɜɫɟɯ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ ɢɥɢ
ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɨɝɨɧɚɥɨɝɚ¨ɭɩɪɢɪɨɫɬɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɣ
ȼ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ
ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɷɥɚɫɬɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨ ɦɨɞɭɥɸ ɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɞɚɧɧɵɣ
Ɍɚɧɰɢ ȼɢɬɨ Ɋɨɥɶ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɟɤɬɨɪɚ 3ROLWHNRQRP
ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɝɟɪɦɚɧɫɤɢɣɠɭɪɧɚɥɩɨɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɬɟɨɪɢɢɢɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɟ±±ʋ
ɋ
ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɶ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɨɦ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ
ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɢɪɭɸɳɟɝɨɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɹɨɬɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɣɜɥɢɹɸɳɢɯɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ
Ʉɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɷɥɚɫɬɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɧɚ ɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ
ɩɪɨɰɟɧɬɨɜ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɟ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɢ
ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɳɟɝɨ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɚ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ȼȼɉ ɡɚɪɚɛɨɬɧɨɣ ɩɥɚɬɵ ɧɚ
ȿɫɥɢ ¨ɯ ɯ ɬɨ ɗ ¨ɭɭ ɉɪɢ ¨ɭ ɭ ɗ
Ɍɚɤɨɣ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɶ ɷɥɚɫɬɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɨ ɬɨɦ ɱɬɨ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɟ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɛɸɞɠɟɬ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɩɪɨɩɨɪɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨ
ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɸɚɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɟɦɨɝɨɮɚɤɬɨɪɚ
ɉɪɢ ¨ɭ ɭ ɗ ɧɚɥɨɝɢ ɧɟɷɥɚɫɬɢɱɧɵ ɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɟ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɦɟɧɶɲɟɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɱɟɦ
ɚɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɟɦɵɣɮɚɤɬɨɪ
ɉɪɢ¨ɭ!ɭɗ!ɧɚɥɨɝɢɷɥɚɫɬɢɱɧɵɬɨɟɫɬɶɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɟ
ɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɛɵɫɬɪɵɦɢ
ɬɟɦɩɚɦɢɱɟɦɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚɚɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɟɦɨɝɨɮɚɤɬɨɪɚ
Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɞɚɧɧɵɣ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ
ɪɚɜɟɧ ɢɥɢ ɦɟɧɶɲɟ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɵ ȿɫɥɢ ɨɧ ɪɚɜɟɧ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɟ ɬɨ ɞɨɥɹ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯɞɨɯɨɞɨɜɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚɜ ȼɇɉɨɫɬɚɟɬɫɹɫɬɚɛɢɥɶɧɨɣ Ɍɚɤ ɜ
ɎɊȽɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɷɥɚɫɬɢɱɧɨɫɬɢɜɫɟɯ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ ɧɚɩɪɨɬɹɠɟɧɢɢ ɞɜɭɯ
ɞɟɫɹɬɢɥɟɬɢɣɪɚɜɟɧɟɞɢɧɢɰɟȿɫɥɢɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɛɨɥɶɲɟɟɞɢɧɢɰɵɬɨ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɟ ɞɨɯɨɞɵ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɛɵɫɬɪɵɦɢ ɬɟɦɩɚɦɢ ɱɟɦ
ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚɟɬ ȼɇɉ ɢ ɭɞɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɜɟɫ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɞɨɯɨɞɨɜ ɜ ȼɇɉ
ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚɟɬ ɉɪɢ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɟ ɦɟɧɶɲɟ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɵ ɞɨɥɹ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ
ɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɣɜȼɇɉɫɧɢɠɚɟɬɫɹ
ɂɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɷɥɚɫɬɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ ɩɪɢ
ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɧɚɣɬɢ ɟɟ
ɨɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɳɢɣ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɢɡɚɰɢɸ
ɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɣ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ ɩɪɢ ɡɚɞɚɧɧɨɦ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɦ ɛɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɢɥɢ
ɦɢɧɢɦɢɡɚɰɢɸɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨɛɪɟɦɟɧɢɩɪɢɡɚɞɚɧɧɨɦɭɪɨɜɧɟɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ
ɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɣ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɜ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ
ɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹɧɚɥɨɝɚɧɚɩɪɢɛɵɥɶɢɧɚɥɨɝɚɧɚɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɧɟɞɪɚɦɢ
Ɍɚɤɢɟɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɬɬɚɤɠɟɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɶɨɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɟɫɬɨɱɤɢ
ɡɪɟɧɢɹɪɨɫɬɚɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɣɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ
ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɚɯ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ
ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬɨɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɭɥɭɱɲɟɧɢɹ
ɟɝɨ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɟɧɢɹ ɝɪɚɧɢɰ ɬɨɜɚɪɧɨɝɨ ɪɵɧɤɚ ɞɚɟɬ
ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɬɶɫɛɨɪɧɚɥɨɝɚɫɩɪɨɞɚɠ
ɇɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɟ ɛɪɟɦɹ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɣ ɝɧɟɬ ȼɫɹ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɚɹ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚ ɏɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɩɪɚɜɨ 85/
KWWSZZZELEOLRWHNDUUXKR]\D\VWYHQQRHSUDYRKWPȾɚɬɚɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ
ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɪɹɞ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɨ ɬɨɦ ɱɬɨ ɧɚ
ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɷɬɚɩɟ ɪɵɧɨɱɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɧɚ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ
ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɟ
ɞɟɦɨɤɪɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢɧɫɬɢɬɭɬɨɜ ɱɬɨ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɭ
ɚɤɤɭɦɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɛɸɞɠɟɬ ɜ
ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɦɚɤɪɨɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɩɪɨɡɪɚɱɧɨɫɬɢ
ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɉɪɢ ɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɟɦ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɢ
ɞɟɦɨɤɪɚɬɢɢ ɢɧɫɬɢɬɭɬɨɜ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ
ɩɪɟɞɩɨɫɵɥɤɢ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɢɜɚɸɳɢɟ ɪɨɫɬ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɟɤɬɨɪɚ ɢ
ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢɧɚɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɭɫɧɢɠɚɟɬɫɹ
ɋɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɱɬɨ ɧɢɡɤɢɣ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨ
ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɥɚɛɵɣ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶ ɡɚ ɞɟɧɟɠɧɵɦɢ ɩɨɬɨɤɚɦɢ ɢ
ɧɢɡɤɢɣ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɫɨɛɢɪɚɟɦɨɫɬɢ ɧɚɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ ɜ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ
ɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɡɚɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɛɚɡɵ ɧɟɢɡɛɟɠɧɨ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɥɢ ɤ ɡɚɜɵɲɟɧɢɸ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ
ɫɬɚɜɨɤ ɗɬɨɦɭ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɨ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɟ ɱɢɫɥɨ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ
ɥɶɝɨɬ
ɉɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɶ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɨɝɨ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɩɥɚɬɟɥɶɳɢɤɚ ɨɬɪɚɠɚɟɬ ɞɨɥɸ ɟɝɨ ɫɨɜɨɤɭɩɧɨɝɨ ɞɨɯɨɞɚ
ɜɵɪɭɱɤɢ ɨɬ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɢ ɩɪɨɱɟɣ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ
ɢɡɵɦɚɟɦɭɸɜɛɸɞɠɟɬɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯɢɡɴɹɬɢɣ
Ʉɚɤ ɨɬɦɟɱɚɟɬ Ⱦȼ Ɇɚɫɥɨɜɚ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫ
ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚɤɚɤɛɟɧɟɮɢɰɢɚɪɚ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹɜ
ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɢ ɢ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɟɧɢɢ ɫɨɜɨɤɭɩɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɚ
ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɢ ɩɨɞ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɦ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɛɥɚɝɚɟɦɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɶ ȼȼɉ
ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɹ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɣ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɧɚ
ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɛɢɡɧɟɫɚ ɢ ɞɨɦɨɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜ ɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɢ
ɇɚ ɧɚɲ ɜɡɝɥɹɞ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɧɚ
ɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɦ
ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɦ
ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜ ɨɡɧɚɱɚɟɬ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ
ɭɩɥɚɬɵɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɨɣɫɭɦɦɵɞɟɧɟɝɩɪɹɦɨɟɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ
ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɟ ɧɟɫɟɬ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɵ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɫ
ɭɩɥɚɬɨɣ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɧɚ ɩɪɢɜɥɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ
ɤɨɧɫɭɥɶɬɚɧɬɨɜɜɟɞɟɧɢɟɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨɭɱɟɬɚɤɨɫɜɟɧɧɨɟɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ
Ɇɚɫɥɨɜɚ Ⱦȼ Ɇɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨ ɫɬɢɦɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɨɫɬɚ ɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ
ɨɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɛɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɬɨɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɂɡɜɟɫɬɧɵɟ ɭɱɟɧɵɟ 85/
KWWSZZZIDPRXVVFLHQWLVWVUXOLVWɞɚɬɚɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ
ɩɨɞɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɟɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɬ
ɬɟɢɥɢɢɧɵɟɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟɪɟɲɟɧɢɹɤɨɬɨɪɵɟɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɛɵɥɢɛɵ
ɞɪɭɝɢɦɢ ɛɟɡ ɭɱɟɬɚ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɧɚ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ
ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɜ ɩɟɪɜɭɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ ɧɚ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɢɟ
ɢɧɜɟɫɬɢɰɢɨɧɧɵɯɪɟɲɟɧɢɣ
Ɉɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɦ ɫɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɜ
ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯɫɬɪɚɧɚɯɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɧɚ ɢɧɜɟɫɬɢɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɟ ɜ
ɰɟɥɨɦ ɥɢɛɨ ɜ ɤɚɤɨɣɥɢɛɨ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɨɣ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɢ ɫ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɨɰɟɧɤɢ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨ ɤɥɢɦɚɬɚ ɜ ɬɨɣ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɨɣ ɫɬɪɚɧɟ ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ ɧɚ ɢɧɜɟɫɬɢɰɢɢ ɧɟ ɢɫɱɟɪɩɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ
ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɭɪɨɜɧɟɦɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɂɦɟɟɬɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟɬɚɤɠɟ
ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤɪɚɫɱɟɬɚɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣɛɚɡɵɢɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɬɚɤɢɟɮɚɤɬɨɪɵ
ɤɚɤɩɨɪɹɞɨɤɫɩɢɫɚɧɢɹɚɦɨɪɬɢɡɚɰɢɢɧɚɥɢɱɢɟɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯɩɪɚɜɢɥɢ
ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɥɶɝɨɬ ɜ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ
ɮɨɪɦɚɯɢɬɩ
ɋɱɢɬɚɟɬɫɹ ɱɬɨ ɱɟɦ ɜɵɲɟ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɪɟɦɟɧɢ
ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɜ ɫɨɱɟɬɚɧɢɢ ɫɨ ɫɥɚɛɵɦ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɦ ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ
ɬɟɦ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɢ ɭɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɟ ɨɬ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ ɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɬɟɧɟɜɨɝɨ ɫɟɤɬɨɪɚ
ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɢ
Ɍɟɦ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɭɪɨɜɧɟɦ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨ
ɛɪɟɦɟɧɢɢ ɫɨɛɢɪɚɟɦɨɫɬɶɸɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɧɟɫɬɨɥɶɨɞɧɨɡɧɚɱɧɚ
ȼɵɫɨɤɢɣ
ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨɛɪɟɦɟɧɢɦɨɠɟɬɫɨɱɟɬɚɬɶɫɹɫɜɵɫɨɤɨɣɫɬɟɩɟɧɶɸ
ɡɚɤɨɧɨɩɨɫɥɭɲɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɩɥɚɬɟɥɶɳɢɤɨɜ Ⱦɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɵɣ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɨɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɩɥɚɬɟɥɶɳɢɤɨɦ
ɬɨɝɨ ɜ ɤɚɤɨɣ ɦɟɪɟ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɚɹ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɚ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɭɟɬ
ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɟɝɨ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜ ɨɬ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɹ
ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɜ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɚɯ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧ ɧɚ ɨɩɥɚɬɭ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ
ɤɨɦɦɭɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɢɯ
ɢɧɜɟɫɬɢɰɢɨɧɧɵɯɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯɢɞɪɭɝɢɯɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚɯ
Ʉɪɨɦɟɬɨɝɨɧɟɥɶɡɹɫɛɪɚɫɵɜɚɬɶɫɨɫɱɟɬɨɜɢɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɭɸɦɨɪɚɥɶ
Ʉɚɤ ɨɬɦɟɱɚɟɬ Ƚɸɧɬɟɪ ɒɦɟɥɶɞɟɪɫ ©ɭɫɩɟɲɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ
ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ ɢ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɜ ɰɟɥɨɦ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ
ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɤɢ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ ɤ ɧɢɦ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɫɬɪɚɧ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɜ
ɋɦ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ Ɏɟɞɨɬɨɜ Ⱦɘ ȼɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɧɚ ɬɟɧɟɜɭɸ
ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɭɎɢɧɚɧɫɵɢɤɪɟɞɢɬ± ʋ85/KWWSVF\EHUOHQLQNDUXDUWLFOHYYOL\DQLH
QDORJRYR\VLVWHP\QDWHQHYX\XHNRQRPLNXɞɚɬɚɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ
ɫɜɨɸɨɱɟɪɟɞɶɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɭɸɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɭɚɨɧɚɦɨɠɟɬɜɟɫɶɦɚ
ɨɬɥɢɱɚɬɶɫɹɨɬɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɯɡɚɤɨɧɨɦɧɨɪɦª
Ɍɚɤ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɒɜɟɰɢɢ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɞɧɢɦ ɢɡ
ɫɚɦɵɯ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɯ ɜ ɦɢɪɟ ɜ ɝ ɇɨ ɷɬɨ ɜ ɩɨɥɧɨɣ ɦɟɪɟ
ɤɨɦɩɟɧɫɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɛɟɫɩɪɟɰɟɞɟɧɬɧɨ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶɸ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ
ɡɚɳɢɳɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɪɟɡɤɢɯ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɫɬɨɜ ɦɟɠɞɭ
ɛɨɝɚɬɵɦɢ ɢ ɛɟɞɧɵɦɢ ɢ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɣ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɢ
ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɜ ɒɜɟɰɢɢ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶ
ɞɨɛɪɨɜɨɥɶɧɨɝɨɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɹɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ±ɨɞɧɚɢɡ
ɫɚɦɵɯɜɵɫɨɤɢɯɜɦɢɪɟ
Ɋɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɢɦ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɤɭ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɜ ɊɎ ɧɚ
ɦɚɤɪɨɭɪɨɜɧɟ
ȼɚɠɧɨɣ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɶɸ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɬɨ ɱɬɨ ɨɛɳɚɹ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɚɹɛɚɡɚɢɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɨɛɴɟɦɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɣɜ
ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɡɚɜɢɫɹɬ ɤɚɤ ɨɬ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɤɭɪɫɚ
ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣɜɚɥɸɬɵɢɞɢɧɚɦɢɤɢɰɟɧɧɚɷɧɟɪɝɨɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɢɬɚɤɢɨɬ
ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɤɭɪɫ ɜɚɥɸɬɵ ɢ
ɞɢɧɚɦɢɤɚɰɟɧɧɚɧɟɮɬɶ±ɬɪɭɞɧɨɩɪɨɝɧɨɡɢɪɭɟɦɵɟɮɚɤɬɨɪɵ
Ɇɚɫɲɬɚɛɧɵɟ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɟ ɪɟɮɨɪɦɵ ɝɝ ɛɵɥɢ
ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɝɥɚɜɧɵɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɧɚ ɫɨɤɪɚɳɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɪɟɦɟɧɢ
ȼɷɬɨɬ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɟɝɨ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶɤɨɥɟɛɚɥɫɹ ɜɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɯ ȼ ±
ɝɝ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɞɨɫɬɢɝ ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦɩɨ
ɞɚɧɧɵɦɪɹɞɚɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣɜɩɨɫɥɟɤɪɢɡɢɫɧɵɣɩɟɪɢɨɞ±
ɝɝ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɹ ɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɵɯ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ
ɢɡɴɹɬɢɣ ɬɨɱɤɚ ɩɟɪɟɝɢɛɚ ɤɪɢɜɨɣ Ʌɚɮɮɟɪɚ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɥɨ ±
ȼȼɉ ɱɬɨ ɨɛɴɹɫɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɟɨɛɥɚɞɚɧɢɟɦ ɜ ɬɨɬ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɷɤɫɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɵɯ
ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɨɫɬɚ
ȼ ɝ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɚɹ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɚ
ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɥɚɜɝ
ɋɨɤɪɚɳɟɧɢɟɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢɞɨ ɜ ɝ ɢ ɜ
ɝ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɨ ɝɥɚɜɧɵɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɫ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɹɦɢ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɝɨ
ɤɪɢɡɢɫɚȼɩɟɪɜɭɸɨɱɟɪɟɞɶɪɟɡɤɨɫɨɤɪɚɬɢɥɢɫɶɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ
ɢɫɛɨɪɨɜɤɨɬɨɪɵɟɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɡɚɜɢɫɹɬɨɬɤɨɧɴɸɧɤɬɭɪɵɰɟɧ ɢ
ɫɩɪɨɫɚ ɧɚ ɢɦɩɨɪɬɧɵɟ ɬɨɜɚɪɵ ± ɇȾɉɂ ɢ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɨɲɥɢɧ
Ɂɚɬɟɦ ɨɛɳɚɹ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɚɹ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɚ ɜɧɨɜɶ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ
ɩɟɪɜɭɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ ɢɡɡɚ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɬɪɚɯɨɜɵɯ ɜɡɧɨɫɨɜ ɫɬɚɜɨɤ
ɒɦɟɥɶɞɟɪɫ Ƚ ɇɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɣ ɦɟɧɬɚɥɢɬɟɬ ɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɧɚɪɨɞɨɜ 3ROLWHNRQRP ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨ
ɝɟɪɦɚɧɫɤɢɣɠɭɪɧɚɥɩɨɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɬɟɨɪɢɢɢɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɟ±±ʋɋ
ɍɲɜɢɰɤɢɣ Ʌɂ Ɇɚɫɥɨɜɚ Ⱦȼ ɗɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɵ ɫɬɨɪɨɧ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ
ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣɇɚɥɨɝɨɜɚɹɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɢɢɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɚʋ±ɋ
ɚɤɰɢɡɨɜɚɬɚɤɠɟɇȾɉɂ
Ⱦɨɯɨɞɵ ɨɬ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ ɢ ɩɨɲɥɢɧ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɫ ɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɟɦ
ɫɵɪɶɟɜɨɝɨ ɫɟɤɬɨɪɚ
ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɧɨ ɨɬ ɨɛɳɟɣ
ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɢɡɴɹɬɢɣ Ⱦɨɥɹ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ ɧɚ ɫɵɪɶɟɜɨɣ ɫɟɤɬɨɪ
ɜɨɡɪɨɫɥɚɫȼȼɉɜɝɞɨȼȼɉɜɝ
Ⱦɨɯɨɞɵ ɨɬ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ ɧɚ ɫɵɪɶɟɜɨɣ ɫɟɤɬɨɪ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚɥɢ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜ
ɝɝ ɢ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɫɧɢɡɢɥɢɫɶ ɜ ɝɝ ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ
ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯɢɡɴɹɬɢɣɢɡɦɟɪɹɟɦɵɣɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟɦɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ
ɞɨɯɨɞɨɜ ɩɨ ɜɢɞɭ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɤ ɜɚɥɨɜɨɦɭ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɭ ɩɨ ɜɢɞɭ
ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɧɟɮɬɟɝɚɡɨɜɨɦ ɫɟɤɬɨɪɟ ɜ ɬɪɢ ɫ ɥɢɲɧɢɦ ɪɚɡɚ ɜɵɲɟ
ɱɟɦ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɵɟ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɢ ɜ ɨɫɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɜɢɞɚɯ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ
ɝ±ɢɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ
ɉɨ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚɦ ɪɹɞɚ ɚɜɬɨɪɨɜ ȿ ɉɟɧɭɯɢɧɚ Ⱦ Ȼɟɥɨɭɫɨɜ Ʉ
Ɇɢɯɚɣɥɟɧɤɨɫɩɨɝɝɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɚɹɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɚɧɚɛɢɡɧɟɫɩɪɢ
ɟɟ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɟ ɭɱɬɟɧɵ ɧɚɥɨɝ ɧɚ ɩɪɢɛɵɥɶ ɚɤɰɢɡɵ ɤɪɨɦɟ ɚɤɰɢɡɨɜ ɧɚ
ɢɦɩɨɪɬɚɬɚɤɠɟɇȾɋɧɚɬɨɜɚɪɵ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɝɨɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚɧɚɥɨɝɢ
ɧɚ ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɨ ɢ ȿɋɇ ɩɨɫɬɟɩɟɧɧɨ ɫɧɢɠɚɥɚɫɶ Ɍɟɦ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ
ɭɞɚɥɨɫɶ ɧɟ ɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɬɶ ɫɠɚɬɢɹ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɵɯ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɨɜ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɢ
ɞɚɠɟɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɬɶɛɸɞɠɟɬɧɵɣɩɪɨɮɢɰɢɬɱɬɨɛɵɥɨɫɜɹɡɚɧɨɫɪɨɫɬɨɦ
ɰɟɧ ɧɚ ɧɟɮɬɶ ɉɨ ɨɰɟɧɤɟ ɜɵɲɟɭɩɨɦɹɧɭɬɵɯ ɚɜɬɨɪɨɜ ɤɚɠɞɵɣ
ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɞɨɥɥɚɪ ɪɨɫɬɚ ɦɢɪɨɜɵɯ ɰɟɧ ɧɚ ɧɟɮɬɶ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɥ ɤ
ɪɚɫɲɢɪɟɧɢɸ ɞɨɯɨɞɨɜ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɩɨ ɜɫɟɦ ɤɚɧɚɥɚɦ ɧɚ
ɰɟɧɬɚ
ɇɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɟ ɞɨɯɨɞɵ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵɡɚ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɟ ɱɟɬɵɪɟ
ɝɨɞɚɫɩɨɝɝɨɫɬɚɜɚɥɢɫɶɩɪɢɦɟɪɧɨɧɚɨɞɧɨɦɭɪɨɜɧɟɜ
ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧɟ ȼȼɉ ɬɚɛɥ ȼ ɰɟɥɨɦ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ
ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɜ ɊɎ ɫɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɢɦ ɫɨ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɣ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɨɣ ɜ
ɫɬɪɚɧɚɯ Ɉɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ
ɈɗɋɊ ɚ ɛɟɡ ɭɱɟɬɚ ɧɟɮɬɟɝɚɡɨɜɵɯ ɞɨɯɨɞɨɜ ɷɬɨɬ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɧɚɦɧɨɝɨ
ɧɢɠɟɱɟɦɜɈɗɋɊ
ɉɨ ɦɧɟɧɢɸ ɪɹɞɚ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɨɜ ɋ Ⱦɪɨɛɵɲɟɜɫɤɢɣ Ɍ
Ɇɚɥɢɧɢɧɚ ɋ ɋɢɧɟɥɶɧɢɤɨɜɆɭɪɵɥɟɜ ɞɥɹ ɨɰɟɧɤɢ ɞɨɥɝɨɫɪɨɱɧɨɣ
ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɨɫɬɢ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɤɨɪɪɟɤɬɧɨ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɬɶ ɧɟ ɞɨɥɸ
ɧɟɮɬɟɝɚɡɨɜɵɯɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ ɚ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɭɸ ɢ ɰɢɤɥɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɵ
ɞɨɯɨɞɨɜɉɪɢɷɬɨɦɞɥɹɊɨɫɫɢɢɰɢɤɥɢɱɟɫɤɚɹɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚɪɚɡɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ
ȼɤɥɸɱɚɸɬɇȾɉɂɧɚɧɟɮɬɶɝɚɡɢɝɚɡɨɜɵɣɤɨɧɞɟɧɫɚɬɷɤɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɟɩɨɲɥɢɧɵɧɚɧɟɮɬɶɝɚɡ
ɢɧɟɮɬɟɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɵɚɤɰɢɡɵɧɚɧɟɮɬɶɢɝɚɡɞɨɨɬɦɟɧɵɢɧɟɮɬɟɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɵ
ɉɟɧɭɯɢɧɚ ȿ Ȼɟɥɨɭɫɨɜ Ⱦ Ɇɢɯɚɣɥɟɧɤɨ Ʉ ɍɤɚɡ ɫɨɱ 85/
KWWSZZZIRUHFDVWUXB$5&+,9($QDOLWLFV9RSU(FRQRP(3SGI ɞɚɬɚ ɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ
ɧɚɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɰɢɤɥɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɭɸɫ ɮɚɡɨɣ ɞɟɥɨɜɨɝɨɰɢɤɥɚ ɢ
ɤɨɧɴɸɧɤɬɭɪɧɭɸ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣ ɰɟɧ ɧɚ ɧɟɮɬɶ ɧɚ
ɦɢɪɨɜɨɦ ɪɵɧɤɟ ɍɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɵɦɢ ɢɥɢ ©ɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦɢª ɧɚ
ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɦ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɟ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɫɱɢɬɚɬɶ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ
ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɵɟɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɟɞɨɯɨɞɵɛɸɞɠɟɬɚ
Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ
Ⱦɨɯɨɞɵɛɸɞɠɟɬɚɪɚɫɲɢɪɟɧɧɨɝɨɩɪɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ
ɊɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣɎɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢɜɝɝȼȼɉ
Ⱦɨɯɨɞɵɜɫɟɝɨ
ɇɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɟ ɞɨɯɨɞɵ
ɢɩɥɚɬɟɠɢ
ɋ ɬɨɱɤɢ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɚ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ
ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɟɟ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɜ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɦ ɪɚɡɪɟɡɟ
ɧɚɥɨɝɢɧɚɬɪɭɞɇȾɎɅȿɋɇɜɡɧɨɫɵɧɚɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɟɫɬɪɚɯɨɜɚɧɢɟ
ɧɚɥɨɝɢɧɚɢɦɩɨɪɬ±ɇȾɋɧɚɜɜɨɡɢɦɵɟɬɨɜɚɪɵ ɚɤɰɢɡɵ ɧɚɢɦɩɨɪɬɢ
ɜɜɨɡɧɵɟɩɨɲɥɢɧɵɧɚɥɨɝɢɧɚɫɵɪɶɟɜɨɣɫɟɤɬɨɪɩɪɨɱɢɟɧɚɥɨɝɢ±ɜɫɟ
ɨɫɬɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɧɚɥɨɝɢ ɜ ɤɨɧɫɨɥɢɞɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɛɸɞɠɟɬ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ
ɧɚɥɨɝɢ ɧɚ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɟ ɇȾɋ ɚɤɰɢɡɵ ɧɚɥɨɝ ɧɚ ɩɪɢɛɵɥɶ ɧɚ
ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɨɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣɢɞɪ
ɉɨɫɥɟ ɤɪɢɡɢɫɚ ɝ ɜ ɫɬɪɚɧɟ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɶɧɨ ɩɨɜɵɲɚɥɢɫɶ
ɡɚɪɩɥɚɬɵ ɩɨɞ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟɦ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɤɥɸɱɟɜɵɯ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ ɤɚɤ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ
ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɪɭɞɨɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɚ
ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɚɹ ɧɚ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɟ ɡɚɪɩɥɚɬɵ ɜ
ɛɸɞɠɟɬɧɨɦɫɟɤɬɨɪɟ
ȼ ɢɬɨɝɟ ɜ ɝ ɩɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ ɫ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɦ ɩɪɟɞɤɪɢɡɢɫɧɵɦ
ɝɨɞɨɦ ɞɨɥɹ ɞɨɯɨɞɨɜ ɨɬ ɫɵɪɶɟɜɨɝɨ ɫɟɤɬɨɪɚ ɜ ɫɨɜɨɤɭɩɧɨɦ
ɛɸɞɠɟɬɟɊɨɫɫɢɢ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɥɚɫɶɫ ɞɨ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ ɧɚ ɬɪɭɞ
ɜɨɡɪɨɫɥɚɩɨɱɬɢɜɞɜɨɟ± ɞɨ ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹɨɬɇȾɎɅ
ɜɩɟɪɜɵɟɩɪɟɜɵɫɢɥɢɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹɧɚɥɨɝɚɧɚɩɪɢɛɵɥɶɁɚɷɬɨɬɩɟɪɢɨɞ
Ⱦɪɨɛɵɲɟɜɫɤɢɣ ɋ Ɇɚɥɢɧɢɧɚ Ɍ ɋɢɧɟɥɶɧɢɤɨɜɆɭɪɵɥɟɜ ɋ Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ
ɪɟɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɧɚ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɫɪɨɱɧɭɸ ɩɟɪɫɩɟɤɬɢɜɭ ɗɤɫɩɟɪɬɧɵɣ ɫɚɣɬ
ȼɵɫɲɟɣ ɲɤɨɥɵ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɢ 85/ KWWSZZZRSHFUXKWPO ɞɚɬɚ ɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ
Ʉɚɤ Ɇɢɧɮɢɧ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɢɥ ɞɨɧɚɫɬɪɨɢɬɶ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɭɸ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɊȻɄ
KWWSVZZZUEFUXHFRQRPLFVEIDE ɞɚɬɚ ɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ
ɇɚɥɨɝɢ ɧɚ ɬɪɭɞ ɨɩɟɪɟɞɢɥɢ ɧɟɮɬɶ ɢ ɝɚɡ ɫɪɟɞɢ ɝɥɚɜɧɵɯ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɜ ɞɨɯɨɞɨɜ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɚ
ɅɟɧɬɚɊɭ85/KWWSOHQWDUXQHZVWD[HVɞɚɬɚɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ
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