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ȽɅȺȼȺɋɈȼȿɊɒȿɇɋɌȼɈȼȺɇɂȿ
ɆȿɀȾɍɇȺɊɈȾɇɈȽɈɆȿɏȺɇɂɁɆȺɄɈɇɌɊɈɅə
ɋɈȻɅɘȾȿɇɂəɇȺɅɈȽɈȼɈȽɈɁȺɄɈɇɈȾȺɌȿɅɖɋɌȼȺ
ȻɨɪɶɛɚɈɗɋɊɢȿɋɫɧɟɞɨɛɪɨɫɨɜɟɫɬɧɨɣɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ
ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɰɢɟɣ
ȼɫɬɪɚɧɚɯɈɗɋɊ ɨɛɵɱɧɨɜɵɞɟɥɹɸɬ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟɞɜɟɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢ
ɡɥɨɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɣɜɫɮɟɪɟɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ
ɥɟɝɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɨɛɯɨɞɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɜ ©ɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟɧɚɥɨɝɨɜª
WD[ DYRLGDQFH ɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɫɨɤɪɚɳɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɞɥɟɠɚɳɟɣ ɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɸ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɦɛɚɡɵɡɚɤɨɧɧɵɦɢɦɟɬɨɞɚɦɢ
ɭɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɟ ɨɬ ɭɩɥɚɬɵ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ WD[ HYDVLRQ ɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ
ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɟ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɟ
ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣɩɨɨɛɦɚɧɭɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ
ɂɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɫɨɡɧɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ
ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹɧɚɥɨɝɨɩɥɚɬɟɥɶɳɢɤɨɜɩɨɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɸɜɫɜɨɢɯɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɚɯ
ɢɦɟɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɤɨɜ ɢ ɩɪɨɛɟɥɨɜ ɜ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɢ ɧɟ
ɩɪɟɫɥɟɞɭɟɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɟ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɧɨ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɨ ɧɚ
ɨɛɳɟɩɪɢɡɧɚɧɧɨɦɩɪɚɜɟ ɜɫɹɤɨɝɨ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɩɥɚɬɟɥɶɳɢɤɚ ɬɚɤɜɟɫɬɢ ɫɜɨɢ
ɞɟɥɚ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɫɨɡɞɚɜɚɬɶ ɞɥɹ ɫɟɛɹ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɩɨ
ɭɩɥɚɬɟɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ
Ȼɨɪɨɬɶɫɹ ɫ ɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟɦ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɵ ɦɨɝɭɬ
ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɭɬɟɦ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɢ
ɩɨɨɳɪɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɫɚɦɨɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧɵ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɩɥɚɬɟɥɶɳɢɤɨɜ
ɡɚɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɟɣ ɢɯ ɜɨɡɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɨɬ ɨɫɨɛɨ ɚɝɪɟɫɫɢɜɧɨɣ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɢ
ɨɛɯɨɞɚɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯɡɚɤɨɧɨɜ
ȼ ȼɟɥɢɤɨɛɪɢɬɚɧɢɢ ɟɳɟ ɝɨɞɭ ɜ ɞɟɥɟ ,5& Y 'XNH RI
:HVWPLQVWHU ɨɬɦɟɱɚɥɨɫɶ ɱɬɨ ɥɸɛɨɣ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶ
ɫɜɨɸɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɬɚɤɢɦɨɛɪɚɡɨɦɩɪɢɤɨɬɨɪɨɦɧɚɥɨɝɢɤɨɬɨɪɵɟɨɧ
ɭɩɥɚɬɢɬɜɛɸɞɠɟɬ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶɦɟɧɶɲɟɱɟɦ ɦɨɝɥɢɛɵɛɵɬɶ ɜɢɧɨɦ
ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ȿɫɥɢ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɩɥɚɬɟɥɶɳɢɤ ɫɦɨɝ ɞɨɛɢɬɶɫɹ ɭɩɥɚɬɵ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ
ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɧɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɧɵɦ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɦ ɬɨ ɟɝɨ ©ɭɦɟɧɢɟª ɛɭɞɟɬ
ɨɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɪɚɫɰɟɧɟɧɨ ɋɥɭɠɛɨɣ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɯ ɞɨɯɨɞɨɜ
ȼɟɥɢɤɨɛɪɢɬɚɧɢɢ ɢ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɞɪɭɝɢɦɢ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɩɥɚɬɟɥɶɳɢɤɚɦɢ ɧɨ
ɧɢɤɬɨ ɧɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɟɝɨ ɡɚɫɬɚɜɢɬɶ ɩɥɚɬɢɬɶ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɧɭɸ ɫɭɦɦɭ
ɧɚɥɨɝɚ
ȼɟɥɢɤɨɛɪɢɬɚɧɢɢɆɘɆɢɠɢɧɫɤɢɣɎɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɟɩɪɚɜɨௗʋɋ
Ɇɢɠɢɧɫɤɢɣ Ɇ ɘ Ȼɨɪɶɛɚ ɫ ɭɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɨɬ ɭɩɥɚɬɵ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣ ɨɩɵɬ
ɍɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɟ ɨɬ ɭɩɥɚɬɵ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ ɨɩɞɪɚɡɭɦɟɜɚɟɬ ɬɚɤɢɟ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ
ɤɚɤ ɭɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɟ ɨɬ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨ ɭɱɟɬɚ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ
ɨɬɱɟɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɨɤɪɵɬɢɟ ɨɬ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɯɨɞɨɜ ɢ ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɚ
ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɧɟɜɟɪɧɵɯ ɢɥɢ ɧɟɩɨɥɧɵɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɨ ɫɜɨɟɦ
ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɦ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɯɟɦ ɢ
ɦɨɞɟɥɟɣɨɛɯɨɞɚɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯɡɚɤɨɧɨɜɢɬɞ
ɉɪɢ ɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɟɧɢɢ ɭɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɹ ɨɬ ɭɩɥɚɬɵ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ ɨɛɵɱɧɨ
ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɦɟɪɵ ɭɝɨɥɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɇɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɵ ɦɨɝɭɬ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɛɨɪɶɛɟ ɩɪɨɬɢɜ ɭɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɹ ɨɬ ɭɩɥɚɬɵ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ ɜɫɟ
ɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɵɟɢɦ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɩɪɟɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɚɪɭɲɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɩɪɟɞɩɢɫɚɧɢɹ
ɡɚɩɪɟɬɵ ɲɬɪɚɮɵ ɢɫɤɢ ɜ ɫɭɞɚɯ ɚɪɟɫɬɵ ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɭɝɪɨɡɭ
ɬɸɪɟɦɧɨɝɨɡɚɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹɢɬɞ
ɉɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɜɨ ɜɫɟɯ ɫɬɪɚɧɚɯ ɝɞɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɚ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ
ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɡɚ ɭɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɟ ɨɬ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɟ
ɦɨɲɟɧɧɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ WD[ IUDXG ɜɥɟɱɟɬ ɭɝɨɥɨɜɧɨɟ ɧɚɤɚɡɚɧɢɟ ȼ
ɫɢɧɬɟɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɟ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɟ ɦɨɲɟɧɧɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɦɨɠɧɨ
ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɤɚɤ ɭɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɥɢɰɚ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɚ
ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ ɢ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɚɟɦɵɟ ɩɭɬɟɦ ɮɚɥɶɫɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ
ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɨɜɢɦɟɸɳɢɯɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟɞɥɹɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ
ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɜ ɜɢɞɭ ɧɟɨɞɧɨɡɧɚɱɧɨɫɬɶ
ɬɪɚɤɬɨɜɤɢɫɚɦɨɝɨɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ©ɦɨɲɟɧɧɢɱɟɫɬɜɨªɊɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟɩɨɞɯɨɞɵɤ
ɬɨɥɤɨɜɚɧɢɸɷɬɨɝɨɬɟɪɦɢɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɧɢɦɨɤɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɦɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹɦ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɞɚɠɟ ɜ ɫɬɪɚɧɚɯ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɬɪɚɞɢɰɢɨɧɧɨ ɨɬɧɨɫɹɬ ɤ
ɨɞɧɨɣ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣ ɫɟɦɶɟ ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɜ ȼɟɥɢɤɨɛɪɢɬɚɧɢɢ ɧɚ
ɞɨɤɬɪɢɧɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɦɨɲɟɧɧɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ
ɪɨɞɨɜɨɟ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɟ ɜɫɟɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɨɛɦɚɧɚ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɫ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɟɦ
ɥɸɛɨɣɜɵɝɨɞɵɢɥɢɩɪɢɱɢɧɟɧɢɟɦɭɳɟɪɛɚ
ȼ ɬɨ ɠɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɜ ɋɒȺ ɦɨɲɟɧɧɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɞɧɢɦ ɢɡ
ɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɜɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɹɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ
ȼ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɭɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɹ ɨɬ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ ɨɛɵɱɧɨ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɸɬ ɬɚɤɠɟ
ɧɟɧɚɦɟɪɟɧɧɵɟ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɩɨ ɧɟɡɧɚɧɢɸ ɧɟɛɪɟɠɧɨɫɬɢ
ɧɟɨɫɬɨɪɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɬɞ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɧɚɤɚɡɚɧɢɟɡɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ± ɷɬɨ
ɲɬɪɚɮɵ ɢɥɢ ɚɪɟɫɬ ɫɱɟɬɨɜ ɢ ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɟ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɹ ɢ
ɰɟɥɟɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɣ ɧɚɦɟɪɟɧɧɵɣ ɨɛɦɚɧ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ
ȿɥɢɧɫɤɢɣȺȼɈɩɵɬȼɟɥɢɤɨɛɪɢɬɚɧɢɢɢɋɒȺɩɨɪɚɡɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɸɡɚɤɨɧɧɨɣɢɧɟɡɚɤɨɧɧɨɣ
ɦɢɧɢɦɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɞɥɹ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɝɨ
ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɄɢɛɟɪɅɟɧɢɧɤɚ 85/ KWWSVF\EHUOHQLQNDUXDUWLFOHQS\WYHOLNREULWDQLLL
VVKDSRUD]JUDQLFKHQL\X]DNRQQR\LQH]DNRQQR\PLQLPL]DWVLLQDORJRYLHJR]QDFKHQLHGO\D
VRYHUVKHQVWYRYDQL\Dɞɚɬɚɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɟɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɤɚɪɚɬɶɫɹ ɤɨɧɮɢɫɤɚɰɢɟɣ
ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɚɢɥɢɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɢɫɪɨɤɚɦɢɬɸɪɟɦɧɨɝɨɡɚɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ
Ɉɬɬɨɤɞɟɧɟɝɢɡɫɬɪɚɧɵɜɰɟɥɹɯɭɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɹɨɬɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ
ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɦ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɫɨɛɥɸɞɚɸɬ
ɤɨɧɮɢɞɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɵɯ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɣ ɧɟɫɦɨɬɪɹ ɧɚ ɬɨ ɱɬɨ
ɡɚɤɥɸɱɢɥɢ ɰɟɥɵɣ ɪɹɞ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɨɜ ɨɛ ɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɢ ɞɜɨɣɧɨɝɨ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ
ȼ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɝɥɨɛɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɩɨ ɫɜɨɟɣ ɫɭɬɢ
ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɭ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɧɟɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ
ɜɧɟɲɧɟɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɝɥɨɛɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɟɪɟɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ
ɪɟɡɢɞɟɧɬɨɜ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɩɥɚɬɟɥɶɳɢɤɨɜ ȼɨɡɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɟ ɂɇɌȿɊɇȿɌȺ ɢ
ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɰɢɣ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɢɥɢ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɩɥɚɬɟɥɶɳɢɤɚɦ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɧɟɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɵɟ ɪɚɧɟɟ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɵ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨ ɩɥɚɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜɢɪɬɭɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɫ ɰɟɥɶɸ
ɭɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɹɨɬɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ
ȼɚɠɧɟɣɲɢɦ ɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɝɥɨɛɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɞɜɚ ɬɟɫɧɨ
ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɯɞɪɭɝɫɞɪɭɝɨɦɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ
ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɚɹɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɚɹɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɰɢɹɫɨɞɧɨɣɫɬɨɪɨɧɵɢ
ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɚɹɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɚɹɝɚɪɦɨɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ±ɫɞɪɭɝɨɣ
Ɇɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɚɹ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɚɹ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɰɢɹ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɧɨɜɵɦ
ɹɜɥɟɧɢɟɦɜɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɢɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯɫɢɫɬɟɦɫɬɪɚɧɱɥɟɧɨɜɈɗɋɊɜɤɨɧɰɟ
ɯɝɝɏɏɜɉɨɫɭɬɢɨɧɚɨɡɧɚɱɚɟɬɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɟɜɬɨɣɢɥɢɢɧɨɣɫɬɪɚɧɟ
ɩɪɨɬɟɤɰɢɨɧɢɫɬɫɤɢɯ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɢɜɥɟɱɟɧɢɹ
ɢɧɨɫɬɪɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɚɩɢɬɚɥɚ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɩɭɬɟɦ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɫɨɛɵɯ
ɥɶɝɨɬɧɟɪɟɡɢɞɟɧɬɚɦɩɨɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸɫɪɟɡɢɞɟɧɬɚɦɢ
Ɉɮɲɨɪ ± ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨ ɸɪɢɫɞɢɤɰɢɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɜ ɫɢɥɭ
ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɬɶ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫ
ɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɢɢɛɢɡɧɟɫɚɤɚɤɨɜɵɦɢɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ
©ɤɨɦɮɨɪɬɧɚɹ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɚɹ ©ɫɪɟɞɚ ɨɛɢɬɚɧɢɹª ɛɢɡɧɟɫɚ
ɜɵɪɚɠɚɸɳɚɹɫɹɜɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɢɭɫɥɨɜɢɣɞɥɹɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢɢɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɟɝɨ
ɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɛɢɡɧɟɫɚ ɧɚ ɭɩɪɨɳɟɧɧɨɣ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɭɩɪɨɳɟɧɢɟ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɝɨ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨ ɢ ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɞɡɨɪɚ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɡɪɚɱɧɨɫɬɢ
ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɦɵɯ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɣ ɢ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɬɶ ɚɧɨɧɢɦɧɨɫɬɶ
ɛɟɧɟɮɢɰɢɚɪɨɜ
ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɫɧɢɡɢɬɶ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɟ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ
ɩɥɚɬɟɠɢɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɫɜɟɪɯɩɪɢɛɵɥɶɨɮɲɨɪɧɨɣɤɨɦɩɚɧɢɢ
ɗɬɢɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɚɜɟɞɟɧɢɹɛɢɡɧɟɫɚɜɨɮɲɨɪɧɵɯɸɪɢɫɞɢɤɰɢɹɯ
ɩɨɪɨɠɞɚɸɬɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɭɨɮɲɨɪɨɜɜɰɟɥɨɦ
ɋ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɨɦɩɚɧɢɣ ɜ ɨɮɲɨɪɧɵɯ ɡɨɧɚɯ
ɸɪɢɫɞɢɤɰɢɹɯ±ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɤɨɪɩɨɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɣɫɜɟɪɯɩɪɢɛɵɥɢɢɨɞɢɧɢɡ
ɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɜɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣɨɩɬɢɦɢɡɚɰɢɢɋɞɪɭɝɨɣɫɬɨɪɨɧɵɨɮɲɨɪɵ±ɷɬɨ
ɩɪɹɦɚɹɭɝɪɨɡɚɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ
ȼ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ȿɋ ɢ ɈɗɋɊ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɜɚɠɧɟɣɲɢɯ ɤɪɢɬɟɪɢɟɜ
ɢɞɟɧɬɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ ©ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɝɚɜɚɧɟɣª ɤɚɤ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɢɡ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ
ɩɪɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɣ ©ɧɟɞɨɛɪɨɫɨɜɟɫɬɧɨɣª ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɰɢɢ ɛɵɥɢ
ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɵɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ
ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɢ
ɬɨɥɶɤɨ©ɧɨɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɯªɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯɫɬɚɜɨɤ
ɨɬɤɚɡ ɨɬ ɫɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɫ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɦɢ ɜɟɞɨɦɫɬɜɚɦɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ
ɫɬɪɚɧ
ɧɟɩɪɨɡɪɚɱɧɨɫɬɶɧɨɪɦɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢɬɪɚɧɡɚɤɰɢɣɬɨɟɫɬɶ
ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɩɨ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɸ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɣ ɧɟ ɫɨɡɞɚɸɳɢɯ
ɞɨɛɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɬɨɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɸɪɢɫɞɢɤɰɢɢ ɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɤɨɦɩɚɧɢɢ
ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɸɳɟɣ ɷɬɢ ɬɪɚɧɡɚɤɰɢɢ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɨɣ
ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɭ ɤɨɦɩɚɧɢɣ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɚɝɚɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɜ
©ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯɝɚɜɚɧɹɯª
ɋ ɫɟɪɟɞɢɧɵ ɯ ɝɨɞɨɜ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɚɹ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɰɢɹ ɫɬɚɥɚ
ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɬɶ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɧɟɝɚɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɧɚ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɡɚɧɹɬɨɫɬɶ ɉɪɨɬɢɜɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɷɬɨɦɭ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɸ
ɨɞɧɚ ɢɡ ɜɚɠɧɟɣɲɢɯ ɰɟɥɟɣ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɰɢɢ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɢ
ɪɚɡɜɢɬɵɯɫɬɪɚɧɫɤɨɧɰɚɯɝɨɞɨɜ
ɉɨɞ©ɜɪɟɞɨɧɨɫɧɨɣɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɨɣªɩɨɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹɩɪɟɠɞɟ
ɜɫɟɝɨ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɨɜ ɨɛɦɟɧɚ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɟɣ
ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɵɯɬɟɦɱɬɨɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɸɬɫɹɦɨɞɟɥɶɧɵɦɢɫɨɝɥɚɲɟɧɢɹɦɢ
ɈɗɋɊ
ȼ ɞɨɤɥɚɞɟ ɈɗɋɊ ©ȼɪɟɞɨɧɨɫɧɚɹ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɚɹ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɰɢɹ
ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɸɳɚɹɫɹ ɝɥɨɛɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɚª +DUPIXO 7D[ &RPSHWLWLRQ
$Q (PHUJLQJ *OREDO ,VVXH ɛɵɥɢ ɫɮɨɪɦɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɵ ɤɪɢɬɟɪɢɢ
©ɧɟɞɨɛɪɨɫɨɜɟɫɬɧɨɣ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɰɢɢª ɢ ɦɟɬɨɞɵ ɛɨɪɶɛɵ ɫ
ɧɟɣ ɝɨɞ ȼ ɩɟɪɟɱɟɧɶ ɫɬɪɚɧ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɭɸɳɢɯ ɷɬɭ
©ɜɪɟɞɨɧɨɫɧɭɸª ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɰɢɸ ɩɨɩɚɥɢ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ
ɨɮɲɨɪɧɵɟɸɪɢɫɞɢɤɰɢɢ ɧɨ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɫɬɪɚɧɵɫ ɥɶɝɨɬɧɵɦɢ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɦɢɪɟɠɢɦɚɦɢɜɬɨɦɱɢɫɥɟɱɥɟɧɵɈɗɋɊ
ɇɚɪɹɞɭ ɫ ɈɗɋɊ ɛɨɪɶɛɭ ɫ ɧɟɞɨɛɪɨɫɨɜɟɫɬɧɨɣ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ
ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɰɢɟɣ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɜɟɞɺɬ ȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɢɣ ɫɨɸɡ ɜ ɝɨɞɭ
ȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɚɹ ɤɨɦɢɫɫɢɹ ɢɡɞɚɥɚ ɞɨɤɥɚɞ ɨ ɜɪɟɞɨɧɨɫɧɨɣ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ
ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɰɢɢ ɜ ȿɋ ɚ ɜ ɢɸɥɟ ɝɨɞɚ ɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɪɚɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ
ɨɞɢɧɧɚɞɰɚɬɢ ɤɨɪɩɨɪɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɫɯɟɦ ɜ ɜɨɫɶɦɢ
ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚɯȿɋ
ɑɬɨ ɤɚɫɚɟɬɫɹ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɜ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɧɟɞɨɛɪɨɫɨɜɟɫɬɧɨɣ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɰɢɢ ɈɗɋɊ ɧɟ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ
ɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɢɣ ɧɚ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɤɚɤɢɯ ɥɢɛɨ ɫɚɧɤɰɢɣ ɤ ɜɢɧɨɜɧɵɦ ɜ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɰɢɢ ɫɬɪɚɧɚɦ ȿɞɢɧɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɦ
ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɵɦ ɈɗɋɊ ɨɫɬɚɺɬɫɹ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɬɪɚɧɚɦ
ɭɱɚɫɬɧɢɰɚɦ ɈɗɋɊ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɣ ɩɨ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɸ
ɧɟɞɨɛɪɨɫɨɜɟɫɬɧɨɣ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɰɢɢ ɗɬɢ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ
ɞɟɥɹɬɫɹɧɚɬɪɢɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯɜɢɞɚ
ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ
ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚɫɬɪɚɧɭɱɚɫɬɧɢɰɈɗɋɊ
ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ
ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɨɜ ɜ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɨ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɢ ɜ ɫɨɝɥɚɲɟɧɢɹ ɨɛ ɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɢ
ɞɜɨɣɧɨɝɨɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ ɩɨ ɨɛɦɟɧɭ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɟɣɢ
ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɸ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ
ɢɫɤɥɸɱɚɸɳɢɯɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚ ɨɮɲɨɪɧɵɦɢ ɤɨɦɩɚɧɢɹɦɢ ɢ
ɞɪ
ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɝɨ
ɫɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ
Ɉɞɧɢɦ ɢɡ ɝɥɨɛɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɨɜ ɈɗɋɊ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɢ
ɩɨɜɫɟɦɟɫɬɧɨɟ ɜɧɟɞɪɟɧɢɟ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ
©ɜɪɟɞɨɧɨɫɧɨɣ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɟª ©KDUPIXO WD[ SUDFWLFHVª ɢ
ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɜɫɟɯ ɫɬɪɚɧ ɢ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɣ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɫ
©ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɦɢɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɚɦɢɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣɩɪɨɡɪɚɱɧɨɫɬɢª
ȼ Ɇɨɞɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɤɨɧɜɟɧɰɢɸ ɈɗɋɊ ɩɨ ɧɚɥɨɝɚɦ ɩɨ ɧɚɥɨɝɚɦ ɧɚ
ɞɨɯɨɞɵɢɤɚɩɢɬɚɥ 0RGHOFRQYHQWLRQZLWK UHVSHFWWR WD[HVRQLQFRPH
DQG RQ FDSLWDO ɝ ɛɵɥɢ ɜɧɟɫɟɧɵ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ
ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟɭɠɟɫɬɨɱɢɥɢɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɨɪɚɫɤɪɵɬɢɢɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ
ȼ ɝ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɩɨɥɧɵɣ ɫɩɢɫɨɤ
ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ©ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɭɛɟɠɢɳª WD[ KDYHQV ɜɤɥɸɱɚɜɲɢɣ
ɫɬɪɚɧ ɢ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɣ ɛɵɥ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧ ɜ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɞɨɤɥɚɞ ɩɨɞ
ɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɟɦ ©ɇɚ ɩɭɬɢ ɤ ɝɥɨɛɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɦɭ ɫɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɱɟɫɬɜɭ
ɩɪɨɝɪɟɫɫ ɜ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɢ ɭɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɢ ɜɪɟɞɨɧɨɫɧɨɣ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ
ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɢª 7RZDUGV *OREDO 7D[ &RRSHUDWLRQ3URJUHVV LQ
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ɋɦ ɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɨ Ⱦɟɦɩɢɧɝ85/ KWWSHFRQRPLFGHILQLWLRQFRP ɞɚɬɚ ɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ
Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɩɟɪɟɱɧɹ ©ɤɥɚɫɫɢɱɟɫɤɢɯª ɨɮɲɨɪɨɜ ɞɨɤɥɚɞ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɥ
ɫɩɢɫɨɤ ɫɨɪɨɤɚ ɫɟɦɢ ɥɶɝɨɬɧɵɯ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ ɩɨ ɦɧɟɧɢɸ
ɚɜɬɨɪɨɜ ɞɨɤɥɚɞɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɧɟɞɨɛɪɨɫɨɜɟɫɬɧɨɣ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɰɢɢ Ʉɚɤ ɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɥɨ ɢɡ ɫɩɢɫɤɚ ɬɚɤɢɟ ɪɟɠɢɦɵ
ɞɟɣɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɢɜɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɈɗɋɊ
ɋɩɢɫɨɤ ɨɮɲɨɪɧɵɯ ɡɨɧ ɛɵɥ ɨɩɭɛɥɢɤɨɜɚɧ ɫɨ ɫɬɚɬɭɫɨɦ
©ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɣª ɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɩɪɨɫɬɨ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɥ ɩɟɪɟɱɟɧɶ ɫɬɪɚɧ
ɮɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɩɨɞɩɚɞɚɸɳɢɯ ɩɨɞ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɮɲɨɪɧɨɣ ɡɨɧɵ ȼɫɟɦ
ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɵɦ ɜ ɷɬɨɬ ɫɩɢɫɨɤ ɫɬɪɚɧɚɦ ɩɪɟɞɥɚɝɚɥɨɫɶ ɫɞɟɥɚɬɶ
ɨɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɡɚɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɨ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɢɢ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɨɜ ɞɨɤɥɚɞɚ
ɝɨɞɚ ɢ ɞɚɬɶ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɪɨɤɚ
ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɫɜɨɺ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɟ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɤ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɸ
ɢɫɤɥɸɱɚɸɳɟɦɭɧɟɞɨɛɪɨɫɨɜɟɫɬɧɭɸɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɭɸɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɰɢɸ
ɘɪɢɫɞɢɤɰɢɢ ɧɟ ɢɦɟɸɳɢɟ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɨɜ ɨɛɦɟɧɚ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ
ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɟɣ ɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɧɟ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɦ
ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɚɦ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɩɪɨɡɪɚɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɬɚɥɢ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ ©ɱɟɪɧɵɣ
ɫɩɢɫɨɤª ɈɗɋɊ ȿɫɥɢ ɸɪɢɫɞɢɤɰɢɹ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɵ ɨɛɦɟɧɚ
ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɟɣ ɧɨ ɜ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɦ ɨɛɴɟɦɟ ɨɧɚ ɩɨɩɚɞɚɟɬ ɜ ©ɫɟɪɵɣ
ɫɩɢɫɨɤª ɘɪɢɫɞɢɤɰɢɢ ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɚɦ
©ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣɩɪɨɡɪɚɱɧɨɫɬɢªɜɤɥɸɱɚɸɬɫɹɜ©ɛɟɥɵɣɫɩɢɫɨɤª
Ⱦɨɝɨɜɨɪɚɦɢ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɚɦ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ
ɩɪɨɡɪɚɱɧɨɫɬɢɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɵɫɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɟɩɨɥɸɛɨɦɭ
ɢɡɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯɨɛɪɚɡɰɨɜ
ɦɨɞɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɫɨɝɥɚɲɟɧɢɟ ɈɗɋɊ ɨɛ ɨɛɦɟɧɟ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɟɣ ɜ
ɫɮɟɪɟ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ $JUHHPHQW RQ ([FKDQJH RI ,QIRUPDWLRQ RQ
7D[0DWWHUVɢɥɢ7D[,QIRUPDWLRQ([FKDQJH$JUHHPHQWV
ɦɨɞɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɤɨɧɜɟɧɰɢɹ ɈɗɋɊ ɨɛ ɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɢ ɞɜɨɣɧɨɝɨ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɧɚɥɨɝɚɦ ɧɚ ɞɨɯɨɞɵ ɢ ɤɚɩɢɬɚɥ 0RGHO
FRQYHQWLRQZLWK UHVSHFW WR WD[HV RQ LQFRPH DQGRQ FDSLWDO ɫɬɚɬɶɹ
ɷɬɨɝɨ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚ ɩɨɫɜɹɳɟɧɚ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɚɦ ɨɛɦɟɧɚ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ
ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɟɣ
ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɝ ɧɚɱɚɥɚɫɶ ɦɚɫɫɨɜɚɹ ɪɚɬɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɹ
ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚɦɢɩɪɢɧɹɬɨɣ ɹɧɜɚɪɹ ɝɋɨɜɦɟɫɬɧɨɣ Ʉɨɧɜɟɧɰɢɢ
&ɨɜɟɬɚȿɜɪɨɩɵɢ ɈɗɋɊ ɨ ɜɡɚɢɦɧɨɣ ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɣɩɨɦɨɳɢɩɨ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɦɞɟɥɚɦɞɚɥɟɟɄɨɧɜɟɧɰɢɹɋɨɜɟɬɚȿɜɪɨɩɵ
ɋɨɜɦɟɫɬɧɚɹɄɨɧɜɟɧɰɢɹ &ɨɜɟɬɚȿɜɪɨɩɵɢɈɗɋɊ ɨ ɜɡɚɢɦɧɨɣɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɣɩɨɦɨɳɢ
ɩɨ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɦ ɞɟɥɚɦ (76 ʋ Ɂɚɤɥɸɱɟɧɚ ɜ ɝ ɋɬɪɚɫɛɭɪɝɟ
85/KWWSZZZFRQVXOWDQWUXɞɚɬɚɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ
ɋɬɢɦɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɚ ɸɪɢɫɞɢɤɰɢɣ ɜ ©ɛɟɥɵɣ ɫɩɢɫɨɤª
ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɭɝɪɨɡ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɯ
ɫɚɧɤɰɢɣ
ɇɚ ɤɨɧɟɰ ɝɨɞɚ ɜ ©Ȼɟɥɵɣ ɫɩɢɫɨɤª ɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɫɩɢɫɨɤ
ɸɪɢɫɞɢɤɰɢɣ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɜ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɢɦɩɥɟɦɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɥɢ
ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɟ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɟ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɵ ɜɯɨɞɢɬ ɫɬɪɚɧ ɫɪɟɞɢ
ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ Ȼɚɪɛɚɞɨɫ Ƚɟɪɧɫɢ Ⱦɠɟɪɫɢ ɂɪɥɚɧɞɢɹ Ʉɢɩɪ Ʉɢɬɚɣ
ɆɚɜɪɢɤɢɣɆɚɥɶɬɚɈɫɬɪɨɜɆɷɧɊɨɫɫɢɹɋɟɣɲɟɥɶɫɤɢɟɨɫɬɪɨɜɚȾɥɹ
ɬɨɝɨ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɩɨɩɚɫɬɶ ɜ ©ɛɟɥɵɣ ɫɩɢɫɨɤª ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɢɬɶ ɫɨ
ɫɬɪɚɧɚɦɢɭɱɚɫɬɧɢɰɚɦɢ ɈɗɋɊ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɨɜ
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɚɦ ©ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɣ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ
ɩɪɨɡɪɚɱɧɨɫɬɢª
ȼ ©ɫɟɪɵɣ ɫɩɢɫɨɤª ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɵ ɸɪɢɫɞɢɤɰɢɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɜɡɹɥɢ ɧɚ
ɫɟɛɹ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɩɨ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɢɸ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ
ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɨɜ ɧɨ ɩɨɤɚ ɧɟ ɜ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɦɟɪɟ ɢɯ ɢɦɩɥɟɦɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɥɢ
Ⱥɧɬɢɥɶɹ ɂɧɞɨɧɟɡɢɹ Ʉɸɪɚɫɚɨ Ɇɚɪɲɚɥɥɨɜɵ Ɉɫɬɪɨɜɚ ɋɢɧɬ
ɆɚɚɪɬɟɧɌɭɪɰɢɹəɦɚɣɤɚɩɨɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɸɧɚɤɨɧɟɰɝɨɞɚ
ȼ ©ɱɟɪɧɵɣ ɫɩɢɫɨɤª ɈɗɋɊ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɵ ɫɬɪɚɧɵ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɟ
ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨɤɨɬɨɪɵɯɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬɪɟɡɢɞɟɧɬɚɦɞɪɭɝɢɯɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜ
ɭɤɥɨɧɹɬɶɫɹ ɨɬ ɭɩɥɚɬɵ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ ɜ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɩɢɫɤɟ ɩɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɸ ɧɚ
ɤɨɧɟɰɝɨɞɚɬɨɥɶɤɨɌɪɢɧɢɞɚɞɢɌɨɛɚɝɨ
Ɋɚɡɜɢɬɢɟɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɝɨɨɛɦɟɧɚɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɟɣ
ɉɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɧɚ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɧɟɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɫɨɡɞɚɬɶ
ɧɚɞɟɠɧɵɣ ɜɫɟɨɛɴɟɦɥɸɳɢɣ ɛɚɪɶɟɪ ɩɪɨɬɢɜ ɭɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɹ ɨɬ ɭɩɥɚɬɵ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ ɢ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨ ɩɥɚɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɨɮɲɨɪɧɵɯ
ɸɪɢɫɞɢɤɰɢɣ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɦ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɫɬɚɥɚ
ɦɟɠɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɚɹ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɰɢɹ ɫɬɪɚɧɵɱɥɟɧɨɜ ɈɗɋɊ ɜ ɷɬɨɦ
ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ
ȿɳɟ ɧɚ ɨɦ ɤɨɧɝɪɟɫɫɟ Ɇɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɣ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ
ɚɫɫɨɰɢɚɰɢɢ ,)$ ɨɬɦɟɱɚɥɨɫɶ ɱɬɨ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ
ɫɨɝɥɚɲɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɰɟɥɹɯ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɥɭɱɚɟɜ ɜɡɚɢɦɧɨɝɨ ɧɟɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ
ɋɦ ɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɨ Ɇɟɠɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɨɛɦɟɧ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɟɣ ɦɢɪɨɜɵɟ
ɬɟɧɞɟɧɰɢɢ ɢ ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɢɟ ɩɟɪɫɩɟɤɬɢɜɵ Ɇɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɣ ɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɢ
©Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɟ ɢ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɟ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɧɨɜɚɹ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɚɹ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɚ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɢ
ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹªɚɩɪɟɥɹɝ85/KWWSOHJDOLQVLJKWUXUXVVLDQDQGLQWHUQDWLRQDOWD[DWLRQɞɚɬɚ
ɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ
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ɞɨɯɨɞɨɜ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɫɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɜ
ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɢɢɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯɩɪɚɜɨɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɣɦɨɝɭɬɛɵɬɶɪɟɲɟɧɵɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ
ɨɛɳɟɣ ɝɚɪɦɨɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɭɧɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜ
ɪɹɞɚɫɬɪɚɧ
ɂɡɜɟɫɬɧɵɣ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɫɬ ɥɚɭɪɟɚɬ ɇɨɛɟɥɟɜɫɤɨɣ ɩɪɟɦɢɢ Ⱦɠ
ɋɬɢɝɥɢɰ ɜ ɝ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɥ ɡɧɚɱɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɦɟɪɵ ɤɚɤ ɭɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɟ
ɛɚɧɤɨɜɫɤɨɣ ɬɚɣɧɵ ɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ
ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɯɫɨɝɥɚɲɟɧɢɣ ɫ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟɦ ɤɚɤ ɪɚɡɜɢɜɚɸɳɢɯɫɹɬɚɤ ɢ
ɪɚɡɜɢɬɵɯ ɫɬɪɚɧ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɪɢɨɪɢɬɟɬɧɭɸ ɪɨɥɶ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢ
ɞɨɛɪɨɜɨɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɦɟɧɚ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɟɣ ɦɟɠɞɭ
ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚɦɢ ɱɬɨ ɩɨ ɟɝɨ ɦɧɟɧɢɸ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɧɟ
ɬɨɥɶɤɨɢɫɤɨɪɟɧɟɧɢɸɭɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɹɨɬɭɩɥɚɬɵɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɢɤɨɪɪɭɩɰɢɢɧɨ
ɢɪɟɩɚɬɪɢɚɰɢɢɧɟɡɚɤɨɧɧɨɜɵɜɟɡɟɧɧɵɯɤɚɩɢɬɚɥɨɜ
ɋ ɝ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɱɥɟɧɵ ɈɗɋɊ ɧɚɱɚɥɢ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶ
ɲɢɪɨɤɢɣ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫ ɦɟɪ ɩɨ ɞɟɨɮɲɨɪɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɢ ȼ ɋɒȺ
ɝɝ ɂɬɚɥɢɢ ± ɝɝ ȼɟɥɢɤɨɛɪɢɬɚɧɢɢ ±
ɝɝ ɛɵɥɢ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɭɫɩɟɲɧɵɟ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɟ ɚɦɧɢɫɬɢɢ ɫ ɰɟɥɶɸ
ɜɨɡɜɪɚɬɚɤɚɩɢɬɚɥɨɜɢɡɨɮɲɨɪɨɜ
ȼɋɒȺɜɦɚɪɬɟɝɛɵɥɩɪɢɧɹɬ©Ɂɚɤɨɧɨɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ
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)$7&$ ɋɭɬɶ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɚ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ
ɋɥɭɠɛɟ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɯ ɞɨɯɨɞɨɜ ɋɒȺ ,56 ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɨ ɫɱɟɬɚɯ
ɚɦɟɪɢɤɚɧɫɤɢɯ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɩɥɚɬɟɥɶɳɢɤɨɜ ɡɚ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɟɣ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫɱɟɬɚɯ
ɤɨɦɩɚɧɢɣɤɨɬɨɪɵɟɧɚɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɢɪɭɸɬɫɹɚɦɟɪɢɤɚɧɰɚɦɢ ɩɪɹɦɨ
ɢɥɢɤɨɫɜɟɧɧɨ
Ɂɚɤɨɧ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦ ɨɛɹɡɵɜɚɸɳɢɣ ɢɧɨɫɬɪɚɧɧɵɟ
ɛɚɧɤɢ ɪɚɫɤɪɵɜɚɬɶ ɬɚɤɭɸ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɸ ɋɒȺ ɜ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ
ɪɟɠɢɦɟ Ȼɚɧɤɢ ɛɪɨɤɟɪɵ ɢɧɜɟɫɬɢɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɮɨɧɞɵ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ
ɫɬɪɚɯɨɜɳɢɤɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɢɬɶ ɫɨɝɥɚɲɟɧɢɟ F ,56 ɢ ɜɵɫɬɭɩɚɬɶ ɜ
ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯɚɝɟɧɬɨɜɢɧɚɱɟɭɧɢɯɛɭɞɟɬɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɬɶɫɹɫ
ɥɸɛɵɯ ɬɪɚɧɡɚɤɰɢɣ ɩɪɨɯɨɞɹɳɢɯ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɋɒȺ ɬɚɤɠɟ
ɤɨɪɪɟɫɩɨɧɞɟɧɬɫɤɢɟ ɫɱɟɬɚ ɛɚɧɤɨɜ©ɧɚɪɭɲɢɬɟɥɟɣª ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶ
ɡɚɛɥɨɤɢɪɨɜɚɧɵ
ɨɣɤɨɧɝɪɟɫɫɆɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɣɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣɚɫɫɨɰɢɚɰɢɢ,)$ɇɚɥɨɝɨɜɚɹɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɚɢ
ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɚʋɋ
ɋɦ ɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɨ ɏɚɫɛɭɥɚɬɨɜ Ɋ Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡ ɞɨɤɥɚɞɚ Ⱦɠ ɋɬɢɝɥɢɰɚ Ʉɨɦɢɫɫɢɢ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɵɯ
ɷɤɫɩɟɪɬɨɜ ɈɈɇ ©Ɉ ɪɟɮɨɪɦɟ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɣ ɜɚɥɸɬɧɨɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɭɪɨɤɢ
ɝɥɨɛɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɤɪɢɡɢɫɚªɫɬɚɬɶɹɜɬɨɪɚɹɆɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɚɹɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɚʋɋ±
Ⱥɦɟɪɢɤɚɧɫɤɢɣ ɡɚɤɨɧ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɹɟɬ ɫɜɨɟ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɧɚ ɜɫɟ
ɧɟɚɦɟɪɢɤɚɧɫɤɢɟɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɵɟɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ
ɉɨɫɥɟ ɝ ɧɚɱɚɥɚɫɶ ɦɚɫɫɨɜɚɹ ɪɚɬɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɹ ɭɩɨɦɹɧɭɬɨɣ
ɜɵɲɟɄɨɧɜɟɧɰɢɢ ɋɨɜɟɬɚȿɜɪɨɩɵ Ɉɧɚ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɬɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ
ɮɨɪɦɵɫɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɱɟɫɬɜɚɩɨɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɦɜɨɩɪɨɫɚɦ±ɧɚɪɹɞɭɫɨɛɦɟɧɨɦ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɟɣ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɫɬɪɚɧɚɦɢ ɷɬɨ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ
ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɧɵɯ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɨɤ ɜɡɵɫɤɚɧɢɟ ɬɪɚɧɫɝɪɚɧɢɱɧɨɣ
ɡɚɞɨɥɠɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɨɝɞɚ ɤɨɦɩɚɧɢɹ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɟ ɞɨɥɝɢ ɜ ɨɞɧɨɦ
ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɚɟɟɚɤɬɢɜɵɧɚɯɨɞɹɬɫɹɜɞɪɭɝɨɦ
ȼ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ Ʉɨɧɜɟɧɰɢɟɣ ɋɨɜɟɬɚ ȿɜɪɨɩɵ ɨɛɦɟɧ
ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɟɣɦɨɠɟɬɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶɫɹɬɪɟɦɹɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɦɢɫɩɨɫɨɛɚɦɢ
ɧɚɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɢɡɚɩɪɨɫɚɜɢɧɨɫɬɪɚɧɧɵɟɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɟɨɪɝɚɧɵ
ɫɩɨɦɨɳɶɸɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɨɛɦɟɧɚɫɜɟɞɟɧɢɹɦɢ
ɩɭɬɟɦɫɩɨɧɬɚɧɧɨɝɨɨɛɦɟɧɚɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɟɣ
Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɢɜɲɢɟ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɫɨɝɥɚɲɟɧɢɹ ɫ
ɨɮɲɨɪɧɵɦɢ ɡɨɧɚɦɢ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɚɝɚɸɬ ɲɢɪɨɤɢɦɢ ɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɢɹɦɢ ɜ
ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɢɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢɨɛɢɯɪɟɡɢɞɟɧɬɚɯɞɚɠɟɟɫɥɢɨɧɚ
ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɛɚɧɤɨɜɫɤɭɸɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɭɸɢɥɢɢɧɭɸɬɚɣɧɭ
ɋɨɝɥɚɲɟɧɢɹ ɨɛ ɨɛɦɟɧɟ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɟɣ ɩɨɞɩɢɫɚɥɢ ɢ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ
ɨɮɲɨɪɵ Ȼɪɢɬɚɧɫɤɢɟ ȼɢɪɝɢɧɫɤɢɟ ɨɫɬɪɨɜɚ ɢ ɋɢɧɝɚɩɭɪ ɋɬɪɚɧɵ
ɱɥɟɧɵ ɈɗɋɊ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɢɜɲɢɟ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɫɨɝɥɚɲɟɧɢɹ ɫ
ɨɮɲɨɪɧɵɦɢ ɡɨɧɚɦɢ ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɬɚɥɢ ɲɢɪɨɤɢɟ ɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɢɹ ɜ
ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɤɚɫɚɸɳɟɣɫɹ ɢɯ
ɪɟɡɢɞɟɧɬɨɜ ɉɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɸ ɧɚ ɹɧɜɚɪɶ ɝɨɞɚ Ʉɨɧɜɟɧɰɢɹ ɋɨɜɟɬɚ
ȿɜɪɨɩɵɚɞɚɩɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɚɜɸɪɢɫɞɢɤɰɢɹɯ
Ʉɨɧɜɟɧɰɢɹ ɋɨɜɟɬɚ ȿɜɪɨɩɵ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɬ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ
ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɨɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɨɤ ɫɬɪɚɧɚɦɢ
ɭɱɚɫɬɧɢɰɚɦɢɄɨɧɜɟɧɰɢɢ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟɩɨɦɨɳɶ ɩɨ ɜɡɢɦɚɧɢɸ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ
ɧɚɢɯɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ
ɋɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɛɨɪɶɛɵ ɫ ɨɬɦɵɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɞɟɧɟɝ ɢ ɭɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɨɬ
ɭɩɥɚɬɵ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ ɜ ɡɚɪɭɛɟɠɧɵɯ ɫɬɪɚɧɚɯ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɫɟ ɛɨɥɶɲɟɟ
ɪɚɡɦɵɜɚɧɢɟ ɛɚɧɤɨɜɫɤɨɣ ɬɚɣɧɵ Ⱦɚɠɟ ɒɜɟɣɰɚɪɢɹ ɨɞɧɚ ɢɡ
ɝɥɚɜɧɵɯ ɨɮɮɲɨɪɧɵɯ ɸɪɢɫɞɢɤɰɢɣ ± ɜ ɝɨɞɭ ɩɨɞɩɢɫɚɥɚ
Ʉɨɧɜɟɧɰɢɸ&ɨɜɟɬɚȿɜɪɨɩɵɱɬɨɩɨɦɧɟɧɢɸɉɚɫɤɚɥɹɋɟɧɬȺɦɚɧɚ
ɞɢɪɟɤɬɨɪɚɰɟɧɬɪɚɈɗɋɊɩɨ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɟɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ©ɨɞɧɢɦ
ɢɡ ɫɚɦɵɯ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɷɬɚɩɨɜ ɜ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɣ ɛɨɪɶɛɟ ɫ
ɭɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɟɦɨɬɭɩɥɚɬɵɧɚɥɨɝɨɜª
Ʉɨɦɦɟɪɫɚɧɬ 85/ KWWSNRPPHUVDQWUXGRF ɞɚɬɚ ɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ
ɋ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ©ɩɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɢ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ
ɩɪɢɟɦɥɟɦɨɫɬɢ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɧɨɣ ɤɨɧɫɨɥɢɞɚɰɢɢª ɜ ɦɚɟ ɝɨɞɚ
ȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɢɣɋɨɜɟɬɢɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɵ©ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɢɥɢɫɶɭɫɤɨɪɢɬɶɪɚɛɨɬɭɩɨ
ɛɨɪɶɛɟ ɫ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɦ ɦɨɲɟɧɧɢɱɟɫɬɜɨɦ ɭɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɨɬ ɭɩɥɚɬɵ
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ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɥɚɡɟɟɤ ɜ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɟ ɞɥɹ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ
ɪɹɞɨɦ ɤɨɪɩɨɪɚɰɢɣ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɬ ɜ ȿɋ ȼ ɢɯ ɱɢɫɥɟ
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ɜ ɋɟɜɟɪɧɨɣ ɂɪɥɚɧɞɢɢ ɩɪɢɡɜɚɥɢ ɤ ɤɚɪɞɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹɦ ɜ
ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚɯ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɪɩɨɪɚɰɢɣ Ȼɵɥɚ
ɩɪɢɧɹɬɚ Ʌɨɯɗɪɧɫɤɚɹ ɞɟɤɥɚɪɚɰɢɹ ɨɬ ȼ ɞɟɤɥɚɪɚɰɢɢ
ɨɬɦɟɱɚɥɨɫɶ ɱɬɨ ɬɪɚɧɫɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɤɨɪɩɨɪɚɰɢɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ
ɨɬɱɢɬɵɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɦɢ ɜɥɚɫɬɹɦɢ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɤɚɤɢɟ ɢɦɟɧɧɨ
ɧɚɥɨɝɢ ɢ ɫ ɤɚɤɢɯ ɩɪɢɛɵɥɟɣ ɨɧɢɩɥɚɬɹɬ ɩɱɬɨ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ ɩɨ
ɡɚɤɨɧɚɦɛɸɞɠɟɬɚɦɪɚɫɯɨɞɚɦɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɤɟɨɜɵɛɨɪɚɯ
ɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɤɬɚɯ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ ɥɟɝɤɨɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɨɣ ɞɥɹ
ɱɬɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɩɨɜɬɨɪɧɨɝɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɟ ɦɨɝɥɢ
ɩɪɢɡɜɚɬɶɜɥɚɫɬɢɤɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢɩ
ȼ ɢɸɥɟ ɝ ɝɟɧɫɟɤ ɈɗɋɊ Ⱥɧɯɟɥɶ Ƚɭɪɪɢɚ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɥ
ɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɦ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜ ©Ȼɨɥɶɲɨɣ ɞɜɚɞɰɚɬɤɢª ɩɥɚɧ ɩɨ ɜɧɟɞɪɟɧɢɸ
ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɚ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɛɦɟɧɚ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ
ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɟɣ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɟɞɢɧɵɯ ɮɨɪɦɚɬɨɜ ɈɗɋɊ ɩɥɚɧ ɛɨɪɶɛɵ ɫ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɦ ɚɪɛɢɬɪɚɠɟɦ ɝɥɚɜɧɨɣ ɡɚɞɚɱɟɣ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɛɵɥ ɫɛɨɪ
ɫɜɟɞɟɧɢɣ ɨ ɛɢɡɧɟɫɟ ɋɬɪɚɧɚɦ ɈɗɋɊ ɩɪɟɞɥɚɝɚɥɨɫɶ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶɢɥɢ
ɭɠɟɫɬɨɱɢɬɶ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɢɪɭɟɦɵɯ
ɢɧɨɫɬɪɚɧɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɩɚɧɢɣ ɞɚɥɟɟ ɄɂɄ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ
ɬɪɚɧɫɮɟɪɬɧɵɯɰɟɧɚɬɚɤɠɟɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢɜɟɞɢɧɵɣɮɨɪɦɚɬɫɨɝɥɚɲɟɧɢɹ
ɨɛɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɢɞɜɨɣɧɨɝɨɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ
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ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜ ɢ ɩɪɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜ ɫɬɪɚɧ * ɛɵɥ ɨɞɨɛɪɟɧ ɉɥɚɧ ɩɨ
ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɸ ɪɚɡɦɵɜɚɧɢɸ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɚɝɚɟɦɨɣ ɛɚɡɵ ɢ
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Ʌɟɨɧɟɧɤɨ ɇ ȿɜɪɨɩɚ ɛɨɪɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɧɟɭɩɥɚɬɨɣ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ ɢ ɤɨɧɮɢɞɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɤɥɢɟɧɬɨɜ
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