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ɍɪɚɥɶɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɤɪɭɝɚ ʋɎ ɨɬ ɩɨ ɞɟɥɭ ʋȺ
ɞɚɥɟɟ ɉɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɟ Ⱥɋ ɍɪɚɥɶɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɤɪɭɝɚʋɎ
ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɨ ɬɨɦ ɱɬɨ ɤɚɤ ɢ ɪɚɧɶɲɟ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ
ɫɞɟɥɤɢ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɪɟɲɚɸɳɢɦ ɚɪɝɭɦɟɧɬɨɦ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦ
ɪɟɲɟɧɢɸɞɟɥɚɜɩɨɥɶɡɭɧɚɥɨɝɨɩɥɚɬɟɥɶɳɢɤɚ
Ɍɚɤ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɵ ɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɚɥɢ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɢ
ɮɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɨɨɛɨɪɨɬɚ ɢ ɧɟɩɪɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɩɥɚɬɟɥɶɳɢɤɨɦɞɨɥɠɧɨɣɨɫɦɨɬɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ
ɫɪɟɞɧɟɫɩɢɫɨɱɧɚɹɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɶɪɚɛɨɬɧɢɤɨɜɱɟɥɨɜɟɤ
ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɭɸɬɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟɚɤɬɢɜɵ
ɫɤɥɚɞɫɤɢɟɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹɢɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬ
ɤɨɧɬɪɚɝɟɧɬ ɧɟ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɚɞɪɟɫɭ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ
ɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɚɰɢɢ
ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɩɥɚɬɟɠɢ ɩɨɞɬɜɟɪɠɞɚɸɳɢɟ ɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ
ɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɵɩɥɚɬɚ ɡɚɪɚɛɨɬɧɨɣ ɩɥɚɬɵ
ɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɭɠɞɵ ɡɚ ɚɪɟɧɞɭ ɧɟɞɜɢɠɢɦɨɝɨ ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɚ
ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɡɚ ɤɚɧɰɟɥɹɪɫɤɢɟ ɩɪɢɧɚɞɥɟɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ
ɭɫɥɭɝɢ
ɬɪɚɧɡɢɬɧɵɣɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹɞɟɧɟɠɧɵɯɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ
ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɝɟɧɬɨɜ ɡɜɟɧɚ ɨɛɥɚɞɚɸɳɢɯ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɚɦɢ
ɚɧɨɧɢɦɧɵɯɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪ
ɧɭɥɟɜɚɹɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɚɹɨɬɱɟɬɧɨɫɬɶɡɚɩɪɨɜɟɪɹɟɦɵɣɩɟɪɢɨɞ
ɦɚɫɫɨɜɵɣ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɩɨɞɬɜɟɪɞɢɥ ɫɜɨɸ
ɮɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɢɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɚɰɢɸɮɢɪɦɵɡɚɜɨɡɧɚɝɪɚɠɞɟɧɢɟ
ɇɟɫɦɨɬɪɹ ɧɚ ɷɬɢ ɨɛɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɩɥɚɬɟɥɶɳɢɤ
ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɥɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟɞɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚɪɟɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢɫɞɟɥɤɢ
ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɫɱɟɬɚɮɚɤɬɭɪɵ ɬɨɜɚɪɧɵɟ
ɧɚɤɥɚɞɧɵɟ ɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɵ ɛɭɯɝɚɥɬɟɪɫɤɨɝɨ ɭɱɟɬɚ ɢ ɨɩɪɢɯɨɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ
ɫɩɨɪɧɨɣɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ
ɬɨɜɚɪ ɜ ɚɞɪɟɫ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɮɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɚɹ
ɢɧɫɩɟɤɰɢɹ ɧɟ ɨɩɪɨɜɟɪɝɥɚ ɮɚɤɬ ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɬɟɧɢɹ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɨɦ ɢ
ɧɟ ɞɨɤɚɡɚɥɚ ɱɬɨ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɩɥɚɬɟɥɶɳɢɤ ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɥ ɬɨɜɚɪ ɧɟ ɭ
ɤɨɧɬɪɚɝɟɧɬɚɚɭɢɧɨɝɨɥɢɰɚ
ɩɪɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɨɣ ɨɫɦɨɬɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ
ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚ ɫɩɨɪɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɝɟɧɬɚ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɢɥɢ ɩɨ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɦ
ɉɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɟ Ⱥɋ ɍɪɚɥɶɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɤɪɭɝɚ ʋɎ ɨɬ ɝ ɩɨ ɞɟɥɭ ʋȺ
Ⱦɨɤɭɦɟɧɬ ɨɩɭɛɥɢɤɨɜɚɧ ɧɟ ɛɵɥ 85/
KWWSZZZFRQVXOWDQWUXFRQVFJLRQOLQHFJL"UHT GRFEDVH $85Q
ɛɚɡɚɦ©ɄɨɧɬɭɪªɢɨɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɦɭɫɚɣɬɭɎɇɋɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɨɡɚɩɪɨɫɢɥɨɭ
ɤɨɧɬɪɚɝɟɧɬɚ ɩɚɤɟɬ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɩɨɞɬɜɟɪɠɞɚɸɳɢɣ ɟɝɨ
ɩɪɚɜɨɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɶ
ɚɞɪɟɫ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɝɟɧɬɚ ɧɟ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɚɞɪɟɫɨɦ ɦɚɫɫɨɜɨɣ
ɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɚɰɢɢɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹɧɟɧɚɯɨɞɢɥɚɫɶɜɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟɪɟɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ
ɢɥɢ ɥɢɤɜɢɞɚɰɢɢ ɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɢɹ ɞɢɪɟɤɬɨɪɚ ɛɵɥɢ ɩɨɞɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɵ
ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨ ɞɢɪɟɤɬɨɪ ɧɟ ɱɢɫɥɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɩɢɫɤɟ
ɞɢɫɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɥɢɰ ɜɢɞɵ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɝɟɧɬɚ
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɬɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɭɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚ
Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɉɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɸ Ⱥɋ ɍɪɚɥɶɫɤɨɝɨ
ɨɤɪɭɝɚ ʋɎ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɣ
ɩɨɞɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɚɬɨɜɚɪɮɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɞɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɩɨɫɬɚɜɤɢ
ɟɝɨ ɧɟ ɫɩɨɪɧɵɦ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɳɢɤɨɦ ɚ ɢɧɵɦɢ ɥɢɰɚɦɢ ɧɟ ɢɦɟɟɬɫɹ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɩɥɚɬɟɥɶɳɢɤɨɦ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɟɧɚ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɚɹ ɨɫɦɨɬɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ
ɩɪɢɡɚɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɢɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚ
ȿɫɥɢɜɝɨɞɭɎɇɋɜɵɢɝɪɵɜɚɥɚɫɭɞɟɛɧɵɯɪɟɲɟɧɢɣɬɨ
ɩɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɸ ɧɚ ɢɸɧɶ ɝɨɞɚ ɷɬɚ ɞɨɥɹ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɞɨ
ɇɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɵ ɫɬɚɥɢ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɹ ɭɞɟɥɹɬɶ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɭ
ɫɨɛɪɚɧɧɨɝɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚɜɬɨɦɱɢɫɥɟɞɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚɦɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɦɫ
ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢɫ Ɇɟɬɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ
ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɹɦɢɨɬ1ȿȾ#
ɉɪɨɜɟɪɹɸɳɢɟ ɩɪɢɨɛɳɚɸɬ ɤ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚɦ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɨɤ
ɞɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ
ɱɬɨ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɩɨɞɤɪɟɩɥɹɟɬ ɢɯ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɸ ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɣ
ɨɪɝɚɧ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɥ ɜ ɫɭɞ ɜɵɝɪɭɡɤɭ ɢɡ ȺɋɄ ɇȾɋ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɞɪɟɜɚ
ɫɜɹɡɟɣ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦɭ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɩɥɚɬɟɥɶɳɢɤ ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɥ ɬɨɜɚɪ ɭ
ɤɨɧɬɪɚɝɟɧɬɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɜ ɫɜɨɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɥ ɟɝɨ ɭ ɮɢɪɦ
©ɨɞɧɨɞɧɟɜɨɤªɭɩɥɚɱɢɜɚɸɳɢɯɧɚɥɨɝɢɜɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɯɨɛɴɟɦɚ
ɋɥɟɞɭɟɬɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶɱɬɨɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɟɨɪɝɚɧɵɢɧɨɝɞɚɨɬɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ
ɩɪɢɡɧɚɬɶ ɩɪɚɜɨɦɟɪɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɜɵɱɟɬɨɜ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ
ɩɨɞɨɡɪɟɧɢɟɦ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɹɸɳɢɯ ɧɚ ɮɢɤɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɫɞɟɥɤɢ ɧɨ ɜ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ
ɤɚɤɢɦɢɥɢɛɨ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɜ ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɢ ɛɭɯɝɚɥɬɟɪɫɤɢɯ
ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ ȼ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɷɬɢɦ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚɟɬ ɪɨɥɶ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ
ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɩɥɚɬɟɥɶɳɢɤɚɦɢ ɜ ɰɟɥɹɯ ɦɢɧɢɦɢɡɚɰɢɢ
ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɯɫɩɨɪɨɜɫɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɦɢɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ
ɋɦ ɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɨ Ɇɚɪɬɵɧɟɧɤɨ ɉ Ɍɟɧɞɟɧɰɢɢ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɫɩɨɪɨɜ ɜ ɝɨɞɭ
ɇɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɟ ɫɩɨɪɵ 85/ KWWSVSUDYRUJUXUXEULFVTXHVWLRQɞɚɬɚ ɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ
ȽɅȺȼȺɉɊɈȻɅȿɆɕȼɁȺɂɆɈȾȿɃɋɌȼɂə
ɇȺɅɈȽɈȼɕɏɂɉɊȺȼɈɈɏɊȺɇɂɌȿɅɖɇɕɏɈɊȽȺɇɈȼ
Ⱦɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɭɸ ɧɚ ɩɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ
ɪɚɫɤɪɵɬɢɟ ɢ ɪɚɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɩɪɚɜɨɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɣ ɢ
ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɣ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɸɬ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɵ Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ
ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɵɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɢɣɦɟɠɞɭɩɪɚɜɨɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ
ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɪɚɫɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɟ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ
ɮɢɫɤɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɫɥɭɠɛɚɦɢ ɜɵɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɧɵɟ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɨɣ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ
ɫɬɪɚɧɦɨɝɭɬɛɵɬɶɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵɜɜɢɞɟɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯɦɨɞɟɥɟɣ
Ɇɨɞɟɥɶ 1:ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɚɹɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɰɢɹɨɬɜɟɱɚɟɬɡɚɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨɢ
ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ Ⱦɚɧɧɚɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ
Ⱥɜɫɬɪɚɥɢɢ Ʉɚɧɚɞɟ Ƚɟɪɦɚɧɢɢ Ƚɪɟɰɢɢ ɂɧɞɢɢ ɂɪɥɚɧɞɢɢ Ʉɨɪɟɟ
ɇɨɜɨɣ Ɂɟɥɚɧɞɢɢ ɘɠɧɨɣ Ⱥɮɪɢɤɟ ɒɜɟɣɰɚɪɢɢ ȼɟɥɢɤɨɛɪɢɬɚɧɢɢ ɢ
ɋɒȺ
Ɇɨɞɟɥɶ 2: ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɚɹ ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɰɢɹ ɨɬɜɟɱɚɟɬ ɡɚ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ
ɪɚɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɩɨɞ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɤɭɪɨɪɚ
ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ Ⱥɜɫɬɪɢɢ ɑɢɥɢ Ƚɨɥɥɚɧɞɢɢ ɉɨɪɬɭɝɚɥɢɢ ɒɜɟɰɢɢ
ɂɫɩɚɧɢɢɢɋɒȺ
Ɇɨɞɟɥɶ 3: ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɣ ɨɪɝɚɧ ɩɨɞ
ɧɚɞɡɨɪɨɦ Ɇɢɧɢɫɬɟɪɫɬɜɚ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜ ɧɨ ɧɟ ɜɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ ɜ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɭɸ
ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɰɢɸ ɨɬɜɟɱɚɟɬ ɡɚ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ
ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹɜȽɪɟɰɢɢɂɫɥɚɧɞɢɢɢɌɭɪɰɢɢ
Ɇɨɞɟɥɶ 4: ɩɨɥɢɰɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɩɪɨɤɭɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɨɬɜɟɱɚɸɬ ɡɚ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ
ɪɚɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ Ⱦɚɧɧɚɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ Ȼɟɥɶɝɢɢ ɑɟɯɢɢ
Ⱦɚɧɢɢ Ɏɢɧɥɹɧɞɢɢ Ɏɪɚɧɰɢɢ əɩɨɧɢɢ Ʌɸɤɫɟɦɛɭɪɝɟ Ɇɟɤɫɢɤɟ
ɇɨɪɜɟɝɢɢɋɥɨɜɚɤɢɢɢɋɥɨɜɟɧɢɢ
ȼ ɂɬɚɥɢɢ ɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɢɹ ɩɨ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɸ ɪɚɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ
ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɵɯ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɣ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɹ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɟ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ
ɩɟɪɟɞɚɧɵɎɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɣɝɜɚɪɞɢɢGuardia di Finanzaɤɨɬɨɪɚɹɦɨɠɟɬ
ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɬɚɤɢɟ ɪɚɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤɚɤ ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨ ɬɚɤ ɢ ɩɨɞ
ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨɦɝɟɧɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɩɪɨɤɭɪɨɪɚ
ȼɵɛɨɪ ɬɨɣ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɢ
ɩɪɚɜɨɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯɨɪɝɚɧɨɜɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬɫɨɜɨɤɭɩɧɨɫɬɢɰɟɥɨɝɨ ɪɹɞɚ
ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜɫɪɟɞɢɤɨɬɨɪɵɯɦɨɠɧɨɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ
Ɂɨɥɨɬɚɪɟɜɚ Ⱥ Ʉɢɪɟɟɜɚ Ⱥ Ʉɨɪɧɢɟɧɤɨ ɇ ɇɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɟ ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ
ɢɬɨɝɢ ɪɟɮɨɪɦɵ ɩɨɞ ɪɟɞ ɞɷɧ ɋɢɧɟɥɶɧɢɤɨɜɚɆɭɪɵɥɟɜɚ ɋȽ ɢ ɤɷɧ Ɍɪɭɧɢɧɚ ɂȼ ±
Ɇɂɗɉɉ ɂɧɫɬɢɬɭɬ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɢ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɚ 85/ KWWSVZZZLHSUX
ɞɚɬɚɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ
ɛɸɞɠɟɬɧɨɟɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ
ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨɢɭɝɨɥɨɜɧɨɝɨɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚɦɨɞɟɥɶ
ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹɩɪɚɜɨɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ
ɩɪɢɨɪɢɬɟɬɵ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɢ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɭɝɨɥɨɜɧɨɣ
ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɢɜɫɮɟɪɟɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ
ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɫɬɪɚɧɵ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶ ɟɟ
ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɨɫɬɢɫɬɪɚɧɵɜɦɢɪɨɜɭɸɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɭ
ɬɟɧɞɟɧɰɢɢ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɪɨɥɶ
ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚɜɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɟɢɮɢɧɚɧɫɚɯ
ɫɥɨɠɢɜɲɢɟɫɹɢɫɬɨɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢɬɪɚɞɢɰɢɢ
ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɤɪɢɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ
ɫɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜ
ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶɤɨɪɪɭɩɰɢɢɜɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟ
Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢɬɨɝɨɢɥɢɢɧɨɝɨɨɪɝɚɧɚɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ
ɧɟɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɨɬ ɟɝɨɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɢ ɩɨɞɱɢɧɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɨɢ ɨɬ ɤɚɞɪɨɜɨɝɨ ɢ
ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɶɧɨɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹɚɬɚɤɠɟɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɢɡɦɚ
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɫɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɤɨɜ Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ
ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɢɩɪɚɜɨɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɜɫɜɨɸ
ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ ɜ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɜɥɢɹɟɬ ɧɚ ɬɚɤɢɟ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɢ ɤɚɤ
ɫɨɛɢɪɚɟɦɨɫɬɶ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ ɢ ɪɚɫɤɪɵɜɚɟɦɨɫɬɶ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ
ɩɪɚɜɨɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɣɚɬɚɤɠɟɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɬɟɩɟɧɶɭɞɨɛɫɬɜɚɰɟɥɨɝɨɪɹɞɚ
ɩɪɨɰɟɞɭɪ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨ ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɫɚɦɢɯ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɩɥɚɬɟɥɶɳɢɤɨɜ
ȼɊɨɫɫɢɢɫɝɛɵɥɢɚɩɪɨɛɢɪɨɜɚɧɵɜɫɟɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɵ
ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɪɚɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɟɦɵɟ ɜ
ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚɯ ȼ ɝɩɪɢ Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ
ɫɥɭɠɛɟ ɊɎ ɛɵɥɨ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɨ Ƚɥɚɜɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ
ɪɚɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɛɵɥɨɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɨ ɜ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɞɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ
ɢɧɚɞɟɥɟɧɨɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɢɹɦɢɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɚɈɊȾɋɝɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɩɨ
ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɢ ɪɚɫɤɪɵɬɢɸ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɣ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɥ
Ⱦɟɩɚɪɬɚɦɟɧɬ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɩɨɥɢɰɢɢ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɜɲɢɣ ɧɚ ɩɪɚɜɚɯ
Ƚɨɫɤɨɦɢɬɟɬɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɜ ɝ ɛɵɥ ɩɟɪɟɢɦɟɧɨɜɚɧ ɜ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɭɸ
ɫɥɭɠɛɭɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣɩɨɥɢɰɢɢɞɚɥɟɟɎɋɇɉȼɝɷɬɚɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ
ɛɵɥɚ ɭɩɪɚɡɞɧɟɧɚ ɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɢɹ ɩɨ ɪɚɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ
ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɣɛɵɥɢɩɟɪɟɞɚɧɵɈȼȾɦɢɥɢɰɢɢɡɚɬɟɦɩɨɥɢɰɢɢɚɫ
ɝ ɋɥɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɦɭ Ʉɨɦɢɬɟɬɭ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɞɚɥɟɟ ±
ɋɄɊ
ɋɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ ɱɬɨ ɜ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ Ɏɋɇɉ
Ɋɨɫɫɢɢɱɢɫɥɨɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɣɧɟɭɤɥɨɧɧɨ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚɥɨɌɚɤ
ɜ ɝ ɱɢɫɥɨ ɡɚɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɣ
ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɥɨɜɝɜɝɜɝɜ
ɝɜɝɜɝɜɝɜ
ɝɛɨɥɟɟɬɵɫɹɱɈɞɧɚɤɨɜɝɱɢɫɥɨɷɬɢɯɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɣ
ɭɦɟɧɶɲɢɥɨɫɶ ɩɨɱɬɢ ɜ ɞɜɚ ɪɚɡɚ ɩɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ ɫ ɝ ȼ ɝ
ɛɵɥɨɡɚɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɨɜɫɟɝɨɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɣ
ɂɦɟɧɧɨ ɜɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟ ɬɨɝɨ ɱɬɨ ɜ ɤɨɦɩɟɬɟɧɰɢɸ Ɏɋɇɉ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ
ɜɯɨɞɢɥɨ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɪɨɡɵɫɤɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɷɬɨɣ
ɫɥɭɠɛɟ ɭɞɚɜɚɥɨɫɶ ɞɨɛɢɬɶɫɹ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɛɨɪɶɛɵ ɫ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɧɨɫɬɶɸ
ɜɨɦɧɨɝɨɪɚɡɩɪɟɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɯɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟɜɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟɜɪɟɦɹ
ȼ ɬɨ ɠɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɤɚɤ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɨ ɧɟɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɩɨɥɢɰɢɢ ɩɪɟɠɞɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɜ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɜɨɡɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ
ɩɪɢɱɢɧɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɳɟɪɛɚ ɢ ɩɨɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɯɨɞɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɚ ɚ
ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫɨɤɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ©ɬɟɧɟɜɨɝɨª ɫɟɤɬɨɪɚ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɢ ɛɵɥɚ
ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɟɧɚ ɞɜɭɦɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɦɢ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɚɦɢ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ
ɧɟɭɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɢ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ Ɏɋɇɉ ɢ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɢɨɪɢɬɟɬɧɵɯ
ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɩɨɥɢɰɢɢ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ
ɤɨɧɴɸɧɤɬɭɪɵ
ɌɚɤɜɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɧɨɦɩɪɢɤɚɡɟɆɢɧɢɫɬɟɪɫɬɜɚɩɨɧɚɥɨɝɚɦɢɫɛɨɪɚɦ
ɊɎɢɎɋɇɉɊɎɨɬ1ȻȽ
ɨɬɦɟɱɚɥɨɫɶ©ɇɟ
ɪɚɡɪɟɲɟɧɚɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɚ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɚɹ ɫ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɟɦ ɭɝɨɥɨɜɧɵɯ ɞɟɥ ɩɨ
ɩɟɪɟɞɚɧɧɵɦ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɜ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɵ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɩɨɥɢɰɢɢ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚɦ ɨ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɹɯ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɨ
ɧɚɥɨɝɚɯ ɢ ɫɛɨɪɚɯ ɜ ɤɪɭɩɧɵɯ ɢ ɜ ɨɫɨɛɨ ɤɪɭɩɧɵɯ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɚɯ
Ɉɬɦɟɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɩɨ
Ⱦɚɧɧɵɟ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɩɨ ɏɚɪɢɫɨɜ ɂɎ ɗɜɨɥɸɰɢɹ ɩɨɞɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ
ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɣ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɬ ɍɝɨɥɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɞɟɤɫɚ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɉɪɚɜɨɜɨɣ
ɰɟɧɬɪ ©ɉɪɚɜɵɣ ɛɟɪɟɝª 85/ KWWSZZZFHQWHUEHUHJUXKWPO ɞɚɬɚ
ɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ
ɋɦ ɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɨ ɋɦɢɪɧɨɜ Ƚ Ⱦɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɚɜɨɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ
ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɧɵɣ ɤɪɢɡɢɫ 85/
KWWSEORJSUDYRUXSURILOHɞɚɬɚɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ
ɋɦ ɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɨ Ȼɨɪɢɫɨɜ Ⱥ Ɇ Ʉ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɭ ɨ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɭɝɨɥɨɜɧɨɣ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɢ ɧɚ
ɡɚɳɢɬɭ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚɇɚɥɨɝɢ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ
ɠɭɪɧɚɥʋɋ±
©Ɉɛɨɛɴɹɜɥɟɧɢɢɪɟɲɟɧɢɹȼɫɟɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɝɨɫɨɜɟɳɚɧɢɹɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɟɣɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ
ɢ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɩɨɥɢɰɢɢ ɨɬ ©Ɉ ɦɟɪɚɯ ɩɨ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɸ
ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɡɚ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ ɢ ɫɛɨɪɨɜ ɜ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɧɭɸ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ
Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɛɨɪɶɛɵ ɫ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɦɢ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɢ ɩɪɚɜɨɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɹɦɢª
ɉɪɢɤɚɡ Ɇɇɋ ɊɎ Ɏɋɇɉ ɊɎ ɨɬ 1 ȻȽ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɢɣ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɣ
ɤɭɪɶɟɪ1ɭɬɪɚɬɢɥɫɢɥɭ
ɤɨɬɨɪɵɦ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɩɨɥɢɰɢɢ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɨ
ɩɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɛ ɨɬɤɚɡɟ ɜ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɢ ɭɝɨɥɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɞɟɥɚ
ɜɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɹɫɨɫɬɚɜɚ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ« ɤɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɭ
ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɧɵɯɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣɩɨɥɢɰɢɢɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜª
ɉɪɨɛɥɟɦɚ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɧɟɭɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɚ
ɪɟɲɟɧɚ ɫ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɟɣ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ Ɏɋɇɉ ɈȼȾ ȼɨɩɪɨɫɵ
ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɢ ɈȼȾ ɧɟ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɥɢ
ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣ ɛɚɡɟ
Ɂɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ
ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɢɫɱɟɪɩɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɬɚɬɶɹɦɢ ɢ ɇɄ ɊɎ ȼ ɧɢɯ
ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɫɹ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɨɛ ɨɛɹɡɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɈȼȾ ɩɨ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɟ
ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɦ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɢ ɈȼȾ ɜ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɢ
ɜɵɟɡɞɧɵɯ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɨɤ ɩɨ ɡɚɩɪɨɫɭ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɚ
ɬɚɤɠɟ ɨɛ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɈȼȾ ɡɚ ɭɛɵɬɤɢ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɟɧɧɵɟ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɩɥɚɬɟɥɶɳɢɤɭ ɜɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟ ɢɯ ɧɟɩɪɚɜɨɦɟɪɧɵɯ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ
ɛɟɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ
ȼ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ Ɂɚɤɨɧɨɦ ɊɎ ɨɬ 1 , ©Ɉ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯɨɪɝɚɧɚɯɊɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢª ɫɬ
ɨɪɝɚɧɵɆȼȾ
ɨɛɹɡɚɧɵ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɬɶ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɩɨɦɨɳɶ ɪɚɛɨɬɧɢɤɚɦ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ
ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜɩɪɢɢɫɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɢɢɦɢɫɥɭɠɟɛɧɵɯɨɛɹɡɚɧɧɨɫɬɟɣɜɬɨɦɱɢɫɥɟ
ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɬɶɩɪɢɜɥɟɱɟɧɢɟɤɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢɥɢɰɩɪɟɩɹɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ
ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɸ ɪɚɛɨɬɧɢɤɚɦɢ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɫɜɨɢɯ ɞɨɥɠɧɨɫɬɧɵɯ
ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ
Ɉɞɧɨɣɢɡɮɨɪɦɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɨɛɦɟɧɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɟɣ
Ɍɟɦ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɟ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɧɟ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɬ
ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɹɟɞɢɧɨɣɫɢɫɬɟɦɵɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨɨɛɦɟɧɚ
ɉɪɨɰɟɞɭɪɚ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɢɡ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɜ
ɈȼȾɩɨɥɭɱɢɥɚ ɛɨɥɟɟɱɟɬɤɭɸ ɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɸ ɫɩɪɢɧɹɬɢɟɦ ɉɪɢɤɚɡɚ
ɆȼȾʋɢɎɇɋ1ɆɆɨɬ©Ɉɛɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɢɢ
ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɯ ɞɟɥ ɢ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ
ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜɩɨ ɩɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɸɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɢ ɩɪɟɫɟɱɟɧɢɸɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ
ɩɪɚɜɨɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɣɢɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɣªɞɚɥɟɟɉɪɢɤɚɡɆȼȾɊɨɫɫɢɢʋ
ɍɥɭɱɲɢɥɨɫɶ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɜɚɟɦɵɯ ɜ ɩɪɚɜɨɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ
ɨɪɝɚɧɵɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ
Ɉ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɯ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢª Ɂɚɤɨɧ Ɋɨɫ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɨɬ 1
,ɪɟɞɨɬɫɢɡɦɢɞɨɩɜɫɬɭɩɜɫɢɥɭɫȼɟɞɨɦɨɫɬɢɋɇȾɢȼɋ
ɊɋɎɋɊ1ɫɬ
©Ɉɛ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɢɢ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɯ ɞɟɥ ɢ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ
ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɩɨ ɩɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɸ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɢ ɩɪɟɫɟɱɟɧɢɸ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɩɪɚɜɨɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɣ ɢ
Ɍɟɦɧɟɦɟɧɟɟ ɩɨɞɡɚɤɨɧɧɵɟɚɤɬɵ ɜɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ± ɉɪɢɤɚɡɆȼȾ
Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ʋ ɧɟ ɫɨɡɞɚɸɬ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɪɚɜ ɢ ɨɛɹɡɚɧɧɨɫɬɟɣ
ɫɬɨɪɨɧ
Ⱦɥɹ ɫɟɪɟɞɢɧɵ ɯ ɝɝ ɩɨ ɦɧɟɧɢɸ ɩɚɪɬɧɟɪɚ ɤɨɦɩɚɧɢɢ
©ȾɠɨɧɌɚɣɧɟɪɢ ɩɚɪɬɧɟɪɵªȼȼ Ɍɭɬɵɯɢɧɚɛɵɥɚ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɚɬɚɤɚɹ
ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɤɚ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɞɟɥ ɤɨɝɞɚ ©ɩɪɚɜɨɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɵ
ɩɵɬɚɸɬɫɹ ɭɣɬɢ ɨɬ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɚ ɩɪɚɜɨɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɜɢɧɹɹ
ɤɨɦɩɚɧɢɸ ɜ ɦɨɲɟɧɧɢɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɩɨɞɞɟɥɤɟ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɯɢɳɟɧɢɢ ɢɡ
ɛɸɞɠɟɬɚ ɥɠɟɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɟ ɇɚɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɬɚɤɢɦ
ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹɦɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɠɟɫɬɱɟª
Ƚɥɚɜɚ ɋɄɊ Ⱥɥɟɤɫɚɧɞɪ Ȼɚɫɬɪɵɤɢɧ ɨɬɦɟɱɚɥ ɱɬɨ ɨɪɝɚɧɵ
ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɯɞɟɥɫɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɥɢɫɜɨɢɭɫɢɥɢɹɧɚɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɢɢɥɢɲɶ
ɩɪɨɫɬɟɣɲɢɯ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɜ ɭɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɹ ɨɬ ɭɩɥɚɬɵ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɜ
ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɦ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɭɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɦɚɥɨɝɨ ɢ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɝɨ ɛɢɡɧɟɫɚ
ɋɥɨɠɧɵɟ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɬɪɚɧɫɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɭɯɨɞɚ ɨɬ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɧɚ ɯɨɥɞɢɧɝɨɜɵɯ ɦɨɞɟɥɹɯ ɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ
ɛɢɡɧɟɫɚɚ ɬɚɤɠɟɧɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɤɨɦɩɚɧɢɣɡɚɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ
ɜ ɨɮɲɨɪɧɵɯ ɸɪɢɫɞɢɤɰɢɹɯ« ɜ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɵɟ
ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɢɩɨɩɚɞɚɥɢɤɪɚɣɧɟɪɟɞɤɨ
ȼ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ Ɏɇɋ ɊɎ ɢ ɈȼȾ ɊɎ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɸɬ
ɦɟɪɵ ɩɨ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɢ ɩɪɟɫɟɱɟɧɢɸɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɣ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɨ
ɧɚɥɨɝɚɯ ɢ ɫɛɨɪɚɯ ɧɟɩɪɚɜɨɦɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɢɡ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ
ɛɸɞɠɟɬɚ ɧɚɥɨɝɚ ɧɚ ɞɨɛɚɜɥɟɧɧɭɸ ɫɬɨɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɨ
ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɥɢɰ ɢ ɛɚɧɤɪɨɬɫɬɜɟ ɚ
ɬɚɤɠɟɩɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɸɤɨɪɪɭɩɰɢɢ
Ɂɚɞɚɱɢ ɋɄɊ ɪɚɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɭɝɨɥɨɜɧɵɯ ɞɟɥ ɨ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ
ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹɯ ɢ ɩɪɢɜɥɟɱɟɧɢɸ ɤ ɭɝɨɥɨɜɧɨɣ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ
ɧɟɞɨɛɪɨɫɨɜɟɫɬɧɵɯ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɩɥɚɬɟɥɶɳɢɤɨɜ ȼ ɝ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɋɄɊ ɢ
Ɏɇɋ ɛɵɥɨ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɟɧɨ Ɇɟɠɜɟɞɨɦɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɫɨɝɥɚɲɟɧɢɟ ɨ
ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɢ
ɩɨ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɚɦ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹɦ
ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɣªɉɪɢɤɚɡɆȼȾɊɨɫɫɢɢɢɎɇɋɊɨɫɫɢɢɨɬʋɆɆɪɟɞ
ɨɬɊɨɫɝɚɡɫɟɧɬɹɛɪɹʋ
ɋɟɥɢɜɚɧɨɜɚ Ɇ ɋɚɜɤɢɧ Ⱥ Ɋɨɫɫɢɹ ɢɞɟɬ ɩɨ ɩɭɬɢ ɭɠɟɫɬɨɱɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ ɡɚ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɟ
ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɉɟɧɡɟɧɫɤɢɣ Ⱦɟɥɨɜɨɣ ɉɨɪɬɚɥ Ɉɩɭɛɥɢɤɨɜɚɧɨ
Ƚɚɡɟɬɚ©ȻɢɡɧɟɫªȾɨɤɭɦɟɧɬ85/ KWWSZZZSHQ]DMREUXYLHZKWPOɞɚɬɚ
ɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ
Ⱦɟɧɶɝɢ ɢɡ ɨɮɲɨɪɨɜ ɜɟɪɧɟɬ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɸ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɚɹ ɩɨɥɢɰɢɹ ZZZEEFFRP
ɞɚɬɚɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ
ɋɨɝɥɚɲɟɧɢɟɨ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɢɦɟɠɞɭɋɥɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦ ɤɨɦɢɬɟɬɨɦɊɨɫɫɢɢɢɎɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɫɥɭɠɛɨɣ Ɂɚɤɥɸɱɟɧɨ 1 ɆɆȼ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬ
ɨɩɭɛɥɢɤɨɜɚɧɧɟɛɵɥ85/KWWSZZZFRQVXOWDQWUX
ɫɨɜɟɪɲɚɟɦɵɦ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɨɛɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɞɚɥɟɟ
Ɇɟɠɜɟɞɨɦɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɫɨɝɥɚɲɟɧɢɟ ɨ ɫɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɋ ɝɨɞɚ ɫ
ɷɬɢɦɢ ɜɟɞɨɦɫɬɜɚɦɢ ɫɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɱɚɟɬ ɬɚɤɠɟ Ƚɟɧɟɪɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɩɪɨɤɭɪɚɬɭɪɚ
ɊɎɢɟɟɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɚɥɶɧɵɟɨɪɝɚɧɵɈɫɧɨɜɧɚɹɡɚɞɚɱɚɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ
ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɭɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɸ ɨɬ ɭɩɥɚɬɵ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ
ɧɟɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɧɨɦɭɜɨɡɦɟɳɟɧɢɸɧɚɥɨɝɚɧɚɞɨɛɚɜɥɟɧɧɭɸɫɬɨɢɦɨɫɬɶ
ɉɨɪɹɞɨɤɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹɎɇɋɢɩɪɚɜɨɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ
ɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧ ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɧɵɦ ɩɪɢɤɚɡɨɦ ɷɬɢɯ ɜɟɞɨɦɫɬɜ ɨɬ
ȼɨɬɥɢɱɢɟɨɬɎɋɇɉɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɨɪɝɚɧɨɜɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɯɞɟɥɩɨ
ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɩɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɸ ɢ ɪɚɫɤɪɵɬɢɸ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ
ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɩɪɚɜɨɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ
ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɦ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨɦ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ
ɤɨɬɨɪɵɦ ɩɨ ɡɚɩɪɨɫɭ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɨɪɝɚɧɵ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɯ ɞɟɥ
ɭɱɚɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɜɦɟɫɬɟ ɫ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɜ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɦɵɯ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɜɵɟɡɞɧɵɯ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɚɯ ȼɇɉ ɗɬɢ
ɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɢɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɸɬɫɹɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɜɵɫɨɤɨɣɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶɸ
Ʉɚɤ ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɨɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɤɢ Ɏɇɋ
ɮɨɪɦɚ ɇɄ ɫɭɦɦɚ ɞɨɧɚɱɢɫɥɟɧɢɣ ɩɨ ȼɇɉ ɫ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟɦ ɈȼȾ ɜ
ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɫ ɩɨ ɝɝ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɥɚɫɶ ɡɚ
ɢɫɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɦɝɨɞɚ
Ʉ ɬɢɩɢɱɧɵɦ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɹɦ ɜɵɹɜɥɹɟɦɵɦ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɦɢ ɢ
ɩɪɚɜɨɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɜ ɯɨɞɟ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɢ ɤɪɭɩɧɵɯ
ɤɨɦɩɚɧɢɣɨɬɧɨɫɹɬɫɹ
ɭɯɨɞ ɨɬ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɡɚɪɭɛɟɠɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɩɚɧɢɣ
ɨɮɮɲɨɪɨɜ
ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɟ ɧɟɩɪɚɜɞɨɩɨɞɨɛɧɵɯ ɫɪɨɤɨɜ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚɬɨɜɚɪɨɜ
ɩɨɞɩɚɞɚɸɳɢɯɩɨɞɥɶɝɨɬɧɭɸɫɬɚɜɤɭɇȾɋɢɝɪɭɲɤɢɞɟɬɫɤɚɹɨɛɭɜɶ
ɫɰɟɥɶɸɜɨɡɦɟɳɟɧɢɹɇȾɋɢɡɛɸɞɠɟɬɚ
ɧɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɟ ɡɚɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɦɵɯ
ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɹɦɢɩɨɡɚɩɪɨɫɭɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɮɢɪɦɨɞɧɨɞɧɟɜɨɤ
ɜɡɚɢɦɨɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɶɫɬɨɪɨɧɭɱɚɫɬɧɢɤɨɜɫɞɟɥɤɢ
ɉɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ
ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɯ ɞɟɥ ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɥɢ ɨɫɨɛɭɸ ɡɧɚɱɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɨɬɦɟɧɨɣ
©Ɉɛ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɢɢ ɂɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɩɨɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹɡɚɮɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɜɨɡɦɟɳɟɧɢɟɦ
ɭɳɟɪɛɚɩɪɢɱɢɧɟɧɧɨɝɨɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɦɢɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹɦɢªɉɪɢɤɚɡȽɟɧɩɪɨɤɭɪɚɬɭɪɵɊɨɫɫɢɢʋ
ɎɇɋɊɨɫɫɢɢʋɆɆȼ#ɆȼȾɊɨɫɫɢɢʋɋɄɊɨɫɫɢɢʋɨɬ
KWWSZZZFRQVXOWDQWUXFRQVFJLRQOLQHFJL"UHT GRFEDVH /$:Q IOG GVW
UQG
ɩɪɚɜ ɈȼȾ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɨɤ ɢ ɪɟɜɢɡɢɣ
ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɩɥɚɬɟɥɶɳɢɤɨɜ
ɞɟɤɪɢɦɢɧɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɟɣ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɣ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɦɨɣ ɜ
ɊɨɫɫɢɢɫɝɪɟɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟɦɜɫɟɣɫɢɫɬɟɦɵɈȼȾ
ɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨɨɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɤɟɧɚɩɪɨɬɹɠɟɧɢɢɦɧɨɝɢɯɥɟɬ
ɩɨ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɨɤ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɜɵɹɜɥɹɥɨɫɶ ɧɟ ɛɨɥɟɟ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɣ ɉɨɞɚɜɥɹɸɳɟɟ ɠɟ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɧɫɬɜɨ
ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɣ ɨɤɨɥɨ ɜɵɹɜɥɹɥɨɫɶ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɯ ɞɟɥ
ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɛɵɥɢ ɭɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɟɧɵ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɪɨɡɵɫɤɧɭɸ
ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ
ȼ ɰɟɥɹɯ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɩɨɥɧɨɝɨ ɫɛɨɪɚ ɞɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ
ɛɚɡɵ ɩɨ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɹɦ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɨ ɧɚɥɨɝɚɯ ɢ ɫɛɨɪɚɯ
ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɹ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ Ɏɇɋ ɜ ɩɢɫɶɦɟ ɨɬ
1 Ⱥɋ
ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɨɜɚɥɚ ɢɧɢɰɢɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ
ɩɪɢɜɥɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɤɨɜ ɈȼȾ ɞɥɹ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɹ ɜ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɦɵɯ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɜɵɟɡɞɧɵɯ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɚɯ ɜ
ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ
ɩɪɢ ɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɟɧɢɢ ɨɛɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɫɬɜ ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɨ
ɧɟɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɧɨɦ ɜɨɡɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ ɇȾɋ ɚɤɰɢɡɚ ɡɚɱɟɬɚ ɢɥɢ ɜɨɡɜɪɚɬɚ
ɢɧɨɝɨɧɚɥɨɝɚɢɥɢ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɨɜɧɟɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɞɴɹɜɥɟɧɢɹɇȾɋ
ɚɤɰɢɡɚɤɜɨɡɦɟɳɟɧɢɸ
ɩɪɢ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɫɯɟɦ ɭɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɹ ɨɬ ɭɩɥɚɬɵ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ
ɩɨɞɩɚɞɚɸɳɢɯ ɩɨɞ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɢ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɣ
ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɧɵɯɫɬɚɬɶɹɦɢɍɄɊɎɜɬɨɦɱɢɫɥɟ
ɟɫɥɢ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɜɵɧɟɫɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɦ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɦ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɨ
ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɢȼɇɉɧɚɥɨɝɨɩɥɚɬɟɥɶɳɢɤɨɦɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɸɬɫɹɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ
ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɚ ɭɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɟ ɨɬ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɧɚ
ɡɚɬɪɭɞɧɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɥɢɛɨ ɢɧɵɟ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɢɦɟɸɳɢɟ
ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɸ ȼɇɉ
©ɦɢɝɪɚɰɢɹª ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɫɦɟɧɚ ɭɱɪɟɞɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɢ ɢɥɢ
ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɪɟɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɥɢɤɜɢɞɚɰɢɹ
ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢɢɬɞ
ɩɪɢ ɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɟɧɢɢ ɜ ɯɨɞɟ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɨɜɟɪɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɢɥɢ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɢ ɜ ɰɟɩɨɱɤɟ ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɬɟɧɢɹɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɬɨɜɚɪɨɜ
ɈɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɹɯɩɨɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɸɜɵɟɡɞɧɵɯɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯɩɪɨɜɟɪɨɤªɉɢɫɶɦɨɎɇɋɊɨɫɫɢɢ
ɨɬ 1 ȺɋɈɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɵ 1
1111
ɪɚɛɨɬ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɮɢɪɦ ©ɨɞɧɨɞɧɟɜɨɤª ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ
ɡɚɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɧɚ ɧɨɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɭɱɪɟɞɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɢɦɟɸɳɢɯ
ɧɨɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɡɚɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɩɨ ɭɬɟɪɹɧɧɵɦ
ɩɚɫɩɨɪɬɚɦɢɩɪ
ɩɪɢ ɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɟɧɢɢ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɨɜ ɧɟɩɪɚɜɨɦɟɪɧɵɯ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ ɩɪɢ
ɛɚɧɤɪɨɬɫɬɜɟ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɦɟɪɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɮɢɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɛɚɧɤɪɨɬɫɬɜɚ
ɧɚɥɨɝɨɩɥɚɬɟɥɶɳɢɤɚ
Ⱦɚɧɧɵɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬ ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɨ ɡɧɚɱɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɹ
ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɵɯɫɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɤɨɜɈȼȾɜɜɵɟɡɞɧɵɯɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɚɯ
ȼ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɜɨ ɝɥɚɜɭ ɭɝɥɚ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɫɬɚɜɢɬɶ
ɩɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɣ ɫɜɨɟɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɪɟɚɝɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɚ
ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɢ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɯ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɣ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɨ ɧɚɥɨɝɚɯ ɢ
ɫɛɨɪɚɯ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɣ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ
ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɧɟɬ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɭ Ɉɪɝɚɧɵ
ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɯ ɞɟɥ ɠɟ ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɦ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɬ ɩɨ ɮɚɤɬɚɦ ɭɠɟ
ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɚɜɨɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɣ ɢɥɢ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɣ ȼ ɷɬɨɣ ɫɜɹɡɢ
ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɢɩɨɥɢɰɢɢɜ
ɩɟɪɜɭɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶɫɹ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ
ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɟɠɟɝɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɥɚɧɨɜ ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɧɵɯ ɜɵɟɡɞɧɵɯ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ
ɩɪɨɜɟɪɨɤɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɹɱɢɫɥɚɬɚɤɢɯɩɪɨɜɟɪɨɤ
ɋɥɟɞɭɟɬɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶɱɬɨɜ±ɝɝɛɵɥɢɩɪɢɧɹɬɵɡɚɤɨɧɵ
ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɤɨɪɟɧɧɵɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɢɡɦɟɧɢɥɢ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɸ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ
ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɢ ɈȼȾ Ɍɚɤ ɜ ɝ
ɎɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɦɡɚɤɨɧɨɦɨɬʋɎɁ
ɞɚɥɟɟ±Ɂɚɤɨɧʋ
ɎɁɜɫɬɚɬɶɸɍɉɄɊɎɛɵɥɨɜɧɟɫɟɧɨɞɨɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ
ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦɭ ɞɟɥɚ ɩɨ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɦ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹɦ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶ
ɩɪɟɤɪɚɳɟɧɵɩɪɢɜɨɡɦɟɳɟɧɢɢɜ ɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɛɴɟɦɟɭɳɟɪɛɚɛɸɞɠɟɬɧɨɣ
ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɭɩɥɚɬɟ ɜɫɟɣ ɫɭɦɦɵ ɧɟɞɨɢɦɤɢ ɩɟɧɟɣ ɢ ɲɬɪɚɮɨɜ ɞɨ
ɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɹɩɪɟɞɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɹ
ɋɹɧɜɚɪɹɝɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨɁɚɤɨɧɭʋɎɁɩɪɟɞɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ
ɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟɩɨɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɦɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹɦɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɋɄɊɉɪɢɷɬɨɦɫ
ɞɟɤɚɛɪɹ ɝ ɞɨ ɨɤɬɹɛɪɹ ɝ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɣ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɢ
ɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɜ
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢɫɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨɦɨɧɚɥɨɝɚɯɢɫɛɨɪɚɯ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɢ
ɫɬɚɥɢ ɟɞɢɧɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦ ɡɚɤɨɧɧɵɦ ɩɨɜɨɞɨɦ ɞɥɹ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ
©Ɉ ɜɧɟɫɟɧɢɢ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɩɟɪɜɭɸ ɇɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨ ɤɨɞɟɤɫɚ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɢ
ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɚɤɬɵ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢª Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɡɚɤɨɧ
ɊɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣɎɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɨɬ 1ɎɁɪɟɞɨɬ Ɋɨɫɝɚɡ±±
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