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Файл:Английский язык для магистрантов. Введение в управление проектной деятельностью. English for Master Students. Introduction to Project Management. Учеб
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SPEAKING & DISCUSSION
TASK 8. DISCUSS THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS.
DO YOU AGREE OR DISAGREE? PROVE YOUR OPINION
1. Collaboration among team members leads to creative problem-solving
and more innovative solutions.
2. Teamwork helps to distribute workload evenly and allocate resources
effectively to achieve project goals.
3. Clear communication among team members is key to successful pro-
ject management and ensures everyone is on the same page.
4. A cohesive team that trusts and respects each other can overcome chal-
lenges and obstacles more efficiently.
5. Team members with diverse skills and expertise bring unique perspec-
tives to the project, enhancing the overall quality of the work.
6. Building strong relationships within the team fosters a positive work
environment and increases morale, leading to higher productivity.
7. When team members understand their roles and responsibilities
clearly, they can work together toward a common goal.
8. Celebrating team successes and milestones together boosts morale and
motivation, reinforcing the importance of teamwork in project management.
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Unit 5. PROJECT RISKS
BEFORE YOU READ
TASK 1.ANSWER THE QUESTIONS
1. Have you ever been involved in a project that faced unexpected chal-
lenges? What happened?
2. How do you think external factors, like weather or market conditions,
can affect project you are working on?
3. What is a project risk? What strategies do you believe are effective in
managing risks in projects?
LISTENING
TASK 2. READ THE DEFINITION OF RISK
AND TRY TO PREDICT THE WORDS IN THE GAPS,
THEN LISTEN TO ADRIANA GIRDLER, THE PRESIDENT
OF PROJECT CONSULTING FIRM, WHO TALKS ABOUT
PROJECT RISKS MANAGMENT AND COMPLETE
THE DEFINITION OF RISK
Risk is the possibility that a project, 1) ____________ or task will not
occur as planned or that 2) ____________ events will occur that will have a
3) ______________ impact on the project.
32
TASK 3. LISTEN AGAIN AND PUT DOWN
THE STRATEGIES IN MANAGING RISKS WHICH
ARE PROPOSED BY THE SPEAKER
TASK 4. LISTEN TO THE SPEAKER AGAIN
AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS
1. Why is it important to worry about risk in project management?
2. What is the purpose of conducting a risk analysis for a project?
3. Who should be involved in the risk analysis process, and why?
4. What are the two types of plans that should be created to manage iden-
tified risks?
5. What is the difference between a contingency plan and a mitigation
plan?
6. How can being prepared and planning help ensure successful project
outcomes?
7. What is the key information provided in the checklist mentioned in the
video?
VOCABULARY
1. Consequences – последствия.
2. To encounter – столкнуться.
3. CEO (Chief Executive Officer) – генеральный директор.
4. Cornerstone – краеугольный камень.
5. To emerge – появляться, возникать.
6. To run into – сталкиваться.
7. External risks – внешние риски.
8. Severity – серьезность, степень значимости.
9. Emergency – чрезвычайная ситуация.
10. Еmployee – сотрудник.
33
TASK 5. SORT OUT THE TYPES OF RISKS INTO FOUR CATE-
GORIES BELOW, THEN READ THE TEXT AND CHECK UP
YOURSELF.
TYPES OF RISKS: unrealistic budgets, legal decisions, undefined
KPIs, rising costs of materials, employee satisfaction, employee illness,
higher-than-expected time, outdated market research, supply chain risks.
Financial Risks Strategic Risks Performance Risks External Risks
Text 5
TYPES OF PROJECT RISKS
At the project level, risks can come from financial decisions, project
management strategies, project performance, or external sources. These
four risk types have varying consequences based on severity. It is important
to consider all four in your risk mitigation strategy.
These are the four types of project-level risks:
Financial Risks: Financial risks involve a project’s monetary factors.
These might include the rising costs of materials, unrealistic budgets,
higher-than-expected time or labor requirements, lower-than-expected sales
numbers, or the failure to secure sufficient funding.
Strategic Risks: Strategic risks involve the strategies chosen to complete
a project. These might include your project management methodology, project planning techniques, daily operations, company culture, employee
satisfaction and retention rates, project dependencies, or investment in technology.
“The risks you might encounter can vary greatly in the chaos of our culture and environment,” says Donald Bloom, the CEO of Prime Retail Services, “but the greatest risks each company faces are the actions of the people
34
in project authority. Their training and attention to planning a project completely and executing according to the company processes is the cornerstone
for success.”
Performance Risks: Performance risks involve the overall project performance. These might include unclear expectations for deliverables, undefined
KPIs, outdated market research, or underperforming product lines.
“Some projects have emerging requirements, meaning there is no way to
get all the requirements at the beginning of the project because people are still
figuring out what they want,” explains Angela Druckman, Owner of The
Druckman Company. Projects with clear guidelines and requirements will run
into fewer performance risks than those without them.
External Risks: External risks come from less predictable outside sources.
External risks might affect performance and results at the project or business
level, depending on their severity. These might include employee illness, major weather events or emergencies, legal decisions, market volatility, and supply chain risks.
DEVELOPING VOCABULARY
TASK 6. GIVE THE ENGLISH EQUIVALENTS
OF THE FOLLOWING WORDS AND WORD COMBINATIONS
1. Стратегии снижения рисков.
2. Риски, связанные с денежными факторами.
3. Невозможность обеспечить достаточное финансирование.
4. Люди, отвечающие за проект.
5. Общая эффективность проекта.
6. Устаревшие маркетинговые исследования.
7. Неэффективные линейки продуктов.
8. Четкие рекомендации и требования.
9. Менее предсказуемые
внешние источники.
10. Риски, связанные с цепочкой поставок.
35
TASK 7. DEFINE THE TERMS BY MATCHING
1. planning techniques
2. unrealistic budgets
3. financial risks
4. project dependencies
5. labor requirements
6. management methodology
7. retention rates
8. strategic risks
9. performance risks
10. company culture
a. the percentage of employees who stay with a company
over a certain period of time.
b. tasks or elements that rely on each other to be completed successfully.
c. the possibility of losing money or facing financial problems in a business.
d. the number and type of workers needed to complete a
job or project.
e. potential challenges that could affect a company's longterm goals and success.
f. spending plans that are not practical or achievable based
on available resources.
g. the chance that a project or employee will not meet expected results or standards.
h. the shared values, beliefs, and behaviors that shape how
employees work together in an organization.
i. a system or approach used to guide how a team or organization is managed.
j. methods used to organize and prepare for future activities or projects.
TASK 8. FILL IN THE GAPS WITH THE TERMS
FROM TASK 7
1. When starting a new project, it is important to assess the __________
to avoid potential losses.
2. Many businesses fail because they create __________ that do not re-
flect their actual income.
3. Understanding the __________ of a project helps in allocating the right
resources effectively.
4. Companies often face __________ when entering new markets or
launching new products.
36
5. Using effective __________ can improve the chances of project suc-
cess.
6. A positive __________ can lead to higher employee satisfaction and
productivity.
7. High __________ can indicate that a company is successfully keeping
its employees.
8. It is crucial to identify __________ early in the project to manage time-
lines effectively.
9. A clear __________ can help teams work together more efficiently and
achieve their goals.
10. Managers should always consider __________ when evaluating the
success of their teams.
READING COMPREHENTION
TASK 9. MARK THE STATEMENTS
AS TRUE OF FALSE ACCORDING TO THE TEXT
1. Financial risks can include unexpected increases in material costs.
2. Strategic risks are only related to the financial aspects of a project.
3. Performance risks can arise from unclear expectations for project de-
liverables.
4. External risks are always predictable and easy to manage.
5. The author believes that the actions of project leaders are crucial for
project success.
6. Projects with well-defined requirements are likely to face more perfor-
mance risks.
7. External risks can come from factors like employee illness or major
weather events.
37
SPEAKING
TASK 10. DISCUSS THE ANSWERS
TO FOLLOWING QUESTIONS
1. How do you usually prepare for potential risks when starting a new
project?
2. In your opinion, what is the most important factor to consider when
planning a project?
3. How do you think team dynamics can influence the success or failure
of a project?
4. Do you think it’s better to have strict guidelines for a project or allow
flexibility? Why?
5. How can communication within a team help reduce risks in a project?
WRITING & SPEAKING
TASK 11. COMPLETE THE TABLE OF RISKS
OF YOUR PROJECT. DISCUSS WITH YOUR PARTNER
Financial Risks Strategic Risks Performance Risks External Risks
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Unit 6. PROJECT BUDGETING
BEFORE YOU READ
TASK 1. ANSWER THE QUESTIONS:
1. How important do you think budgeting is in everyday life?
2. Have you ever had to create a budget for a personal project? What was
your experience like?
3. Do you believe it’s better to plan for unexpected expenses, or do you
prefer to deal with them as they arise?
VOCABULARY:
1. Stakeholders – заинтересованные стороны, участники проекта.
2. In advance – заранее.
3. Crucial – важный, значимый.
4. Total project costs – общая стоимость проекта.
5. To make big strides – добиться больших успехов.
6. To provide a clear path – обеспечивать четкий путь.
7. To approach – подходить, иметь дело.
8. To stay on track and avoid pitfalls – не сбиться с пути и избежать
подводных камней.
9. Figures – цифры, данные, значения.
Adjusted in real time – откорректирован в режиме реального вре-
10.
мени.
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TASK 2. READ THE TEXT AND GIVE THE HEADINGS
TO PARAGRAPHS UNDER NUMBERS USING
THE LIST OF TIPS UNDER LETTERS BELLOW.
THERE IS ONE EXTRA HEADING
Text 6
WHAT IS A PROJECT BUDGET?
In business, usually no project is carried out without the stakeholders
knowing in advance what it will cost. It is not economically responsible to
start a project without the calculations showing that the project is actually
worth the money.
A project budget is a statement of all expected costs required to complete
a project over a period of time. It is used to estimate what the total cost of a
project will be and whether this cost is worth it. Developing a project budget
is therefore a crucial part of the project planning process.
A project budget consists of many components. Examples are direct and
indirect costs, fixed and variable costs. Labor, materials, equipment, buildings, licences and much more are also part of the total project costs. In order
to meet all needs, a very accurate plan must therefore be drawn up in which
no costs may be forgotten. To achieve this, several tips and phases are described below that should be considered when developing the budget.
1. _________________
The project that will be carried out is probably not the first project that
has this specific goal. Therefore, look back at similar projects from the past
and try to learn from their budgets. It’s a good way to make big strides in
working on the budget.
2. ________________
There is more value to be gained from historical data than simply take
over costs. It is possible to learn from the successes and mistakes of previous
projects. If these budgets are clearly tracked, then it provides a clear path
leading to accurate estimates.
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