Добавил:
ivanov666
Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз:
Предмет:
Файл:Extensive reading B1+. Учебное пособие
.pdf
TEXT 15 • FAKE NEWS IS “KILLING PEOPLE’S MINDS”
$BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBFDQEHDVHULHVRIDFWLRQVWKDWWU\WRSURGXFH
SROLWLFDORUVRFLDOFKDQJHRUDVHULHVRIWKLQJVWKDWDSROLWLFLDQGRHVWRWU\WRZLQDQ
HOHFWLRQSDUD
,I \RX BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB WKDW VRPHWKLQJ LV WUXH \RXVD\PDQ\
WLPHVWKDWLWLVWUXHSDUD
,I\RX BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB DQ HYHQW \RX DUH SUHVHQW DW WKH HYHQW
SDUD
FODLP GLJLWDO KDFN LQDXJXUDWLRQ PDVVLYH
$Q BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB LV D FHUHPRQ\ WKDW RIILFLDOO\ FHOHEUDWHV
VRPHRQHEHJLQQLQJDQHZMREHVSHFLDOO\WKHSUHVLGHQWRIDFRXQWU\SDUD
,I\RX BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB VRPHWKLQJ\RXVD\WKDWLWLVWUXHHYHQ
WKRXJKWKHUHLVQRGHILQLWHSURRISDUD
,ISHRSOHBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBVRPHRQH¶VFRPSXWHUWKH\FRQQHFWWR
LWVHFUHWO\DQGRIWHQLOOHJDOO\SDUD
,IVRPHWKLQJLVBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBLWLVYHU\ODUJHSDUD
,I \RX DUH BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB \RX XVH FRPSXWHUV DQG WKH
LQWHUQHWSDUD
)LQGWKHLQIRUPDWLRQ
)LQGWKHIROORZLQJLQIRUPDWLRQLQWKHWH[WDVTXLFNO\DVSRVVLEOH
:KRLV7LP&RRN"
$FFRUGLQJWR'RQDOG7UXPSKRZIDUEDFNGLGWKHFURZGUHDFKDWKLV
LQDXJXUDWLRQ"
:KDWGLG.HOO\DQQH&RQZD\FDOOWKH7UXPSDGPLQLVWUDWLRQ¶VOLHV"
+RZPDQ\WLPHVZHUHIDNHDQWL&OLQWRQVWRULHVVKDUHGRQ)DFHERRNEHIRUHWKH
86SUHVLGHQWLDOHOHFWLRQ"
+RZPDQ\WLPHVZHUHIDNHSUR&OLQWRQVWRULHVVKDUHGRQ)DFHERRNEHIRUHWKH
86SUHVLGHQWLDOHOHFWLRQ"
7REHDEOHWRDIIHFWWKHUHVXOWRIDQHOHFWLRQRQHIDNHQHZVDUWLFOHZRXOGQHHG
WRKDYHWKHVDPHHIIHFWDVKRZPDQ\79FDPSDLJQDGV"
61

A. V. GUSLYAKOVA • EXTENSIVE READING B1+
)DNHQHZVLV³NLOOLQJSHRSOH¶V
PLQGV´VD\V$SSOHERVV7LP
&RRN
.HYLQ5DZOLQVRQ
)HEUXDU\
)DNH QHZV LV ³NLOOLQJ SHRSOH¶V
PLQGV´7LP&RRNWKH ERVVRI$SSOH
KDV VDLG 7KH WHFKQRORJ\ ERVV VDLG
FRPSDQLHV OLNH $SSOH QHHG WR FUHDWH
WRROVWKDWZLOOKHOSWRVWRSWKHVSUHDGRI
OLHV ZLWKRXW OLPLWLQJ IUHHGRP RI
VSHHFK &RRN DOVR VDLG JRYHUQPHQWV
VKRXOG OHDG LQIRUPDWLRQ FDPSDLJQV WR
VWRS IDNH QHZV )DNH QHZV LQ SROLWLFV
ZDVSDUWLFXODUO\FRPPRQGXULQJUHFHQW
HOHFWLRQ FDPSDLJQV 'XULQJ WKHVH
FDPSDLJQV VXSSRUWHUV RI HDFK VLGH
XVHG IDNH QHZV WR WU\ WR ZLQ WKH
HOHFWLRQ
³$WWKHPRPHQWXQIRUWXQDWHO\VRPH
RI WKH SHRSOH WKDW DUH ZLQQLQJ DUH WKH
SHRSOH WKDW WU\ WR JHW WKH PRVW FOLFNV
QRWWHOOWKHPRVWWUXWK´VDLG&RRN³,W¶V
NLOOLQJ SHRSOH¶V PLQGV $OO WKH
WHFKQRORJ\ FRPSDQLHV QHHG WR FUHDWH
VRPH WRROV WKDW KHOS WR UHGXFH WKH
DPRXQW RI IDNH QHZV :H PXVW WU\ WR
GR WKLV ZLWKRXW OLPLWLQJ IUHHGRP RI
VSHHFKDQGIUHHGRPRIWKHSUHVVEXWZH
PXVWDOVRKHOSWKHUHDGHU´
7KHUH ZHUH IDNH QHZV UHSRUWV RQ
ERWK VLGHV RI WKH UHFHQW 86 HOHFWLRQ
EDWWOHEXW PDQ\SHRSOHEHOLHYH'RQDOG
7UXPS¶V FDPSDLJQ EHQHILWWHG PRUH
IURP IDNH QHZV UHSRUWV $QG WKH 86
SUHVLGHQW¶V WHDP LQVLVWHG WKDW D KXJH
FURZGDWWHQGHGKLVLQDXJXUDWLRQZKHQ
WKH HYLGHQFH VKRZHG RQO\ D VPDOO
DXGLHQFH ZDV WKHUH 7UXPS¶V
VSRNHVPDQ 6HDQ 6SLFHU LQVLVWHG WKDW
WKH HYHQW DWWUDFWHG ³WKH ODUJHVW
DXGLHQFH HYHU WR ZDWFK DQ
LQDXJXUDWLRQ´ DQG 7UXPS VDLG KH
EHOLHYHG WKH FURZG ZHQW ³DOO WKH ZD\
EDFNWRWKH:DVKLQJWRQ0RQXPHQW´
,PDJHV IURP WKH LQDXJXUDWLRQ
VKRZHGWKHFURZGZDVTXLWHVPDOODQG
GLG QRW JHW FORVH WR WKH :DVKLQJWRQ
0RQXPHQW 6HQLRU DLGH .HOO\DQQH
&RQZD\ ODWHU GHVFULEHG WKH 7UXPS
DGPLQLVWUDWLRQ¶V OLHV DV ³DOWHUQDWLYH
IDFWV´ +LOODU\ &OLQWRQ FODLPHG WKDW
WKHUH ZDV ³QR HYLGHQFH´ KHU HPDLOV
ZHUH KDFNHG EXW WKH )%, GLUHFWRU
-DPHV &RPH\ VDLG LW ZDV OLNHO\ WKH\
ZHUHKDFNHG
$VWXG\E\HFRQRPLVWVDW6WDQIRUG
8QLYHUVLW\DQG 1HZ <RUN8QLYHUVLW\
SXEOLVKHG WZR PRQWKV DIWHU
1RYHPEHU¶V86 SUHVLGHQWLDOHOHFWLRQ
IRXQG WKDW MXVW EHIRUH WKH HOHFWLRQ
IDNHDQWL&OLQWRQVWRULHVZHUHVKDUHG
PLOOLRQ WLPHV RQ )DFHERRN DQG
SUR&OLQWRQVWRULHVZHUHVKDUHGHLJKW
PLOOLRQ WLPHV ,W VDLG ³7KH DYHUDJH
$PHULFDQ VDZ DQG UHPHPEHUHG
SUR7UXPS IDNH QHZV VWRULHV
DQG SUR&OLQWRQ IDNH QHZV
VWRULHV -XVW RYHU KDOI RI WKRVH ZKR
UHPHPEHUHGVHHLQJIDNHQHZVVWRULHV
EHOLHYHGWKHP´
%XWWKHVWXG\VKRZHGWKDWIDNHQHZV
UHSRUWV RQ VRFLDO PHGLD ZHUH QRW YHU\
SRZHUIXO LQ FKDQJLQJ WKH UHVXOW RI WKH
HOHFWLRQ 7R FKDQJH WKH UHVXOW RI WKH
HOHFWLRQ D VLQJOH IDNH DUWLFOH ZRXOG
QHHG WR KDYH WKH VDPH HIIHFW DV
WHOHYLVLRQFDPSDLJQDGV
%XW &RRN VWLOO GHPDQGHG DFWLRQ WR
GHFUHDVH WKH LQIOXHQFH RI IDNH QHZV
³:H QHHG WKH PRGHUQ YHUVLRQ RI
D SXEOLF VHUYLFH DQQRXQFHPHQW
FDPSDLJQ,WFDQEHGRQHTXLFNO\LIZH
PDNH DQ HIIRUW 7KHUH KDV WR EH
DPDVVLYHFDPSDLJQ:HKDYHWRUHDFK
HYHU\ NLQG RI SHUVRQ DQG HYHU\ DJH
JURXS :H QHHG D QHZ FRXUVH IRU WKH
PRGHUQNLGIRUWKHGLJLWDONLG´
³,Q VRPH ZD\V NLGV ZLOO EH WKH
HDVLHVW WR HGXFDWH $W OHDVW EHIRUH
62

TEXT 15 • FAKE NEWS IS “KILLING PEOPLE’S MINDS”
D FHUWDLQ DJH WKH\ OLVWHQ DQG
XQGHUVWDQG HDVLO\ DQG WKH\ WKHQ
HQFRXUDJHWKHLUSDUHQWVWRDFW:HVDZ
WKLV ZLWK HQYLURQPHQWDO LVVXHV NLGV
OHDUQWDWVFKRRODQGFDPHKRPHVD\LQJ
WRWKHLUSDUHQWVµ:K\DUH\RXWKURZLQJ
WKLVSODVWLFERWWOHDZD\"¶´
*XDUGLDQ1HZVDQG0HGLD
)LUVWSXEOLVKHGLQThe Guardian
&RPSUHKHQVLRQFKHFN
0DWFKWKHEHJLQQLQJVDQGHQGLQJVWRPDNHVWDWHPHQWVDERXWWKHWH[W
,QWKHUHFHQW86SUHVLGHQWLDOHOHFWLRQ
VXSSRUWHUVRIERWKVLGHV«
D«PRUHSHRSOHDWKLVLQDXJXUDWLRQ
WKDQLPDJHVIURPWKHHYHQWVKRZHG
7KHERVVRI$SSOHEHOLHYHVWKDW« E«DUHFKLOGUHQ
'RQDOG7UXPS¶VVXSSRUWHUVVDLGWKHUH
F«VDLGWKH\EHOLHYHGWKHP
ZHUH«
)DNHQHZVVWRULHVDERXW+LOODU\
&OLQWRQ
0RUHWKDQKDOIWKHSHRSOHZKR
UHPHPEHUHGVHHLQJIDNHQHZVVWRULHV«
G«XVHGIDNHQHZVWRWU\WRZLQWKH
HOHFWLRQ
HZHUHVKDUHGRQ)DFHERRNWKLUW\
HLJKWPLOOLRQWLPHV
7LP&RRNWKLQNVWKHHDVLHVWSHRSOHWR
HGXFDWHDERXWIDNHQHZV«
I«JRYHUQPHQWVVKRXOGWDNHDFWLRQWR
VWRSIDNHQHZV
&KXQNV
5HDUUDQJHWKHZRUGVWRPDNHSKUDVHVIURPWKHWH[W
VSHHFKIUHHGRPRI
FURZGWKHZDVVPDOOTXLWH
MXVWWKHHOHFWLRQEHIRUH
EHTXLFNO\LWGRQHFDQ
FHUWDLQDEHIRUHDJH
HDVLHVWWKHHGXFDWHWR
7ZRZRUGSKUDVHV
0DWFKWKHZRUGVLQWKHOHIWKDQGFROXPQZLWKWKRVHLQWKHULJKWKDQGFROXPQWR
PDNHSKUDVHVIURPWKHWH[W
QHZV DPHGLD
VPDOO EERWWOH
63

A. V. GUSLYAKOVA • EXTENSIVE READING B1+
QR FLVVXHV
VRFLDO GUHSRUW
HQYLURQPHQWDO HHYLGHQFH
SODVWLF IDXGLHQFH
:RUGEXLOGLQJ
YHUE QRXQ
DQQRXQFH
VXSSRUW SHUVRQ
GLUHFW SHUVRQ
DFW
HUHFW
UHDG SHUVRQ
'LVFXVVLRQ
'R \RX EHOLHYH HYHU\WKLQJ \RX VHH RQ 79 RU WKH LQWHUQHW RU UHDG LQ WKH
QHZVSDSHUV":K\":K\QRW"
7H[W+RZ$,LVDIIHFWLQJWKHWUDYHOLQGXVWU\
:DUPHU
+RZGLG\RXPDNH\RXUODVWKROLGD\RUWUDYHOERRNLQJ"
,ERRNHG«««««
«««««RQOLQH«««««
««««DWDWUDYHODJHQF\
«
«
««««RQWKHSKRQH
«
««««RWKHU
.H\ZRUGV
0DWFKWKHNH\ZRUGVZLWKWKHGHILQLWLRQV7KHQILQGWKHPLQWKHDUWLFOHWRUHDG
WKHPLQFRQWH[W7KHSDUDJUDSKQXPEHUVZLOOKHOS\RX
64

TEXT 16 • HOW AI IS AFFECTING THE TRAVEL INDUSTRY
FRPSDULVRQ HYROXWLRQDU\ LQGXVWU\ FKDWERW VWDWLVWLFV VLWH
D FRPSXWHU SURJUDP WKDW WDONV ZLWK KXPDQ XVHUV HVSHFLDOO\ RYHU WKH LQWHUQHW
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBSDUD
D SDUWLFXODU WUDGH RU VHUYLFH DQG WKH SHRSOH ZKR ZRUN LQ LW
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBSDUD
D JURXS RI QXPEHUV WKDW UHSUHVHQW IDFWV RU WKDW GHVFULEH D VLWXDWLRQ
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBSDUD
D ZHEVLWH WKDW FRPSDUHV WKH SULFH RI VLPLODU SURGXFWV DQG VHUYLFHV
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBSDUD
XVHG WR GHVFULEH VORZ FKDQJH DQG GHYHORSPHQW BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
SDUD
DXWRPDWLRQ OR\DOW\ SHUVRQDOL]H SUHGLFW VSD
ZKHQ \RX XVH WKH SURGXFWV RU VHUYLFHV RI D SDUWLFXODU EXVLQHVV DJDLQ DQG DJDLQ
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBSDUD
D V\VWHP WKDW XVHV PDFKLQHV WR GR ZRUN LQVWHDG RI SHRSOH
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBSDUD
PDNHRUFKDQJHVRPHWKLQJVRWKDWLWLVHVSHFLDOO\ VXLWDEOH IRUD SDUWLFXODU SHUVRQ
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBSDUD
VD\ZKDW\RXWKLQNZLOOKDSSHQLQWKHIXWXUHBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBSDUD
DKHDOWKFOXEXVXDOO\LQDOX[XU\KRWHOWKDWSURYLGHVWUHDWPHQWVVXFKDVPDVVDJH
DQGDVWHDPURRPBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBSDUD
$XWRPDWHG KROLGD\V KRZ $, LV
DIIHFWLQJWKHWUDYHOLQGXVWU\
6HQD\%R]WDV
)HEUXDU\
)LUVW\RXFRXOGERRNDIOLJKWRQOLQH
7KHQ FDPH RQOLQH WUDYHO DJHQWV $QG
QRZ \RX FDQ FKHFN LQ IRU \RXU KRWHO
YLDDPRELOHSKRQHDFRPSXWHUFDQVHW
WKH SULFH DQG D FKDWERW DQVZHUV \RXU
TXHVWLRQV
6RIDUDWOHDVWDUWLILFLDOLQWHOOLJHQFH
$, KDV QRW OHG WR IHZHU MREV LQ WKH
WUDYHO LQGXVWU\ $FFRUGLQJ WR WKH PRVW
UHFHQW (8 VWDWLVWLFV HPSOR\PHQW URVH
LQ WRXULVW DFFRPPRGDWLRQ DQG RWKHU
WRXULVP LQGXVWULHV 1RZ WRXULVP
HPSOR\VRYHUPLOOLRQSHRSOHZLWKLQ
WKH(8
,%0KDYHPDGHDVPDUWFKDWERW
IRU WKH WUDYHO FRPSDQ\ 7KRPVRQ ,W
65

A. V. GUSLYAKOVA • EXTENSIVE READING B1+
KHOSV FXVWRPHUV ZLWK WKHLU KROLGD\
VHDUFKHV ,%0 VD\ WKDW WKH FKDWERW
FDQ DGG WR QRW UHSODFH KXPDQ
LQWHOOLJHQFH
7KLVLVDOVRZKDW6N\VFDQQHUVD\V
7KH DLUIDUH FRPSDULVRQ VLWH ERXJKW
E\ &KLQHVH FRPSDQ\ &WULS
,QWHUQDWLRQDO IRU ELOOLRQ XVHV
FKDWERWV EXW LW GRHVQ¶W EHOLHYH
FRPSXWHUV ZLOO UHSODFH KXPDQ UROHV
RUWUDYHOUHYLHZV
³:H VHH$, DVDQ HYROXWLRQDU\ SDUW
RI WUDYHO´ VD\V D 6N\VFDQQHU
VSRNHVZRPDQ ³,QWHUHVWLQJO\ SHRSOH
ZKR XVH RXU ERWV WUHDW WKHP LQ D YHU\
µKXPDQ¶ ZD\ ± WKH\ DVN IRU WKH ERW¶V
QDPHDQGVHQGLWHPRMLV´
+RWHOV PXVW SXW PRUH PRQH\ LQWR
$, VD\V 7LP *XQVWRQH PDQDJLQJ
GLUHFWRU RI (\HIRU7UDYHO ³7KH FRVW RI
VHDUFK PDUNHWLQJ SDLG E\ KRWHOV WR
RQOLQH WUDYHO DJHQWV KDV JRQH XS´ KH
VD\V ³7KH LQGXVWU\ QHHGV WR UHGXFH
FRVWVDQGIRFXVRQOR\DOW\´
*XQVWRQH EHOLHYHV $, FDQ LQFUHDVH
FXVWRPHU OR\DOW\ E\ KHOSLQJ KRWHO
PDQDJHUV NQRZ PRUH DERXW WKHLU
FXVWRPHUVDQGZLQUHSHDWEXVLQHVV
$W WKH ERWWRP RI WKH WUDYHO PDUNHW
FRPSXWLQJ LV DERXW DXWRPDWLRQ DQG
VDYLQJPRQH\EXWDWWKHWRSHQG$,LV
XVHG WR SHUVRQDOL]H H[SHULHQFHV ±
GHOLYHUHG E\ SHRSOH $ ZDLWHU DW
DOX[XU\ KRWHO IRU H[DPSOH FRXOG XVH
LQIRUPDWLRQ RQ \RX WR SUHGLFW ZKDW
NLQGRIGULQNV\RXOLNHDQGUHFRPPHQG
VRPHWKLQJIURPWKHPHQX2UUHFHSWLRQ
VWDII ZKR KDYH GDWD RQ \RXU VSD XVH
PLJKWVXJJHVWDSDUWLFXODUVHUYLFH
%XW QRW HYHU\RQH LV SUHGLFWLQJ WKH
HQG IRU WUDYHO DJHQWV $ VSRNHVSHUVRQ
IRU$%7$ZKLFKUHSUHVHQWV8.WUDYHO
DJHQWV VD\V DOPRVW D ILIWK RI %ULWLVK
SHRSOHVWLOOERRNHGDKROLGD\LQDWUDYHO
DJHQF\LQ +HVD\VWKDW DOWKRXJK
DUWLILFLDO LQWHOOLJHQFH FDQ KHOS ZLWK
WDUJHWHG PDUNHWLQJ ³LW FDQ EH KDUG WR
EHDWWKHKXPDQWRXFK´
³0DQ\ UROHV LQ WKH WUDYHO LQGXVWU\
DUH XQDIIHFWHG E\ WHFKQRORJLFDO
DGYDQFHV´ DGGV D VSRNHVSHUVRQ
³&RRNVDUHQHHGHG WRFRRNEHGV QHHG
WREHPDGHDQGWKHSHUVRQDOH[SHULHQFH
RIDWUDYHOH[SHUWLVKDUGWREHDW´
*XDUGLDQ1HZVDQG0HGLD
)LUVWSXEOLVKHGLQThe Guardian
&RPSUHKHQVLRQFKHFN
-RLQWKHVHQWHQFHKDOYHVWRPDNHVWDWHPHQWVDERXWWKHWH[W
6PDUWFKDWERWVRQWUDYHOFRPSDQ\
ZHEVLWHVFDQKHOSSHRSOH«
6RPHFXVWRPHUVWUHDWWKHFKDWERWVDV
WKRXJKWKH\DUH«
&RPSXWHUVFDQKHOSWKHWUDYHOLQGXVWU\
WRVDYHPRQH\«
D«PLOOLRQSHRSOHDUHVWLOOHPSOR\HG
LQWKHWUDYHOLQGXVWU\LQWKH(8
E«KXPDQDQGDGGHPRMLVWRWKHLUFKDW
PHVVDJHV
F«ERRNWKHLUKROLGD\VDWDWUDYHO
DJHQF\
+RWHOVQHHGWRILQGDZD\WRVDYH« G«ILQGWKHEHVWKROLGD\
$,FDQLQFUHDVHFXVWRPHUOR\DOW\E\
H«NQRZPRUHDERXWWKHLUFXVWRPHUV
KHOSLQJKRWHOPDQDJHUVWR«
(YHQWKRXJKWUDYHOFRPSDQLHVXVH$,
RYHU«
66
I«H[SHULHQFHRIWUDYHOH[SHUWVRUWUDYHO
UHYLHZVZULWWHQE\FXVWRPHUV

TEXT 16 • HOW AI IS AFFECTING THE TRAVEL INDUSTRY
,QWKH8.QHDUO\RISHRSOHVWLOO
SUHIHUWR«
&RPSXWHUV$,DQGFKDWERWVFDQQRW
UHSODFHWKHKXPDQWRXFKWKHSHUVRQDO
J«PRQH\DQGLQFUHDVHFXVWRPHU
OR\DOW\
K«DQGWRSHUVRQDOL]HFXVWRPHUV¶
H[SHULHQFHV
«
([SUHVVLRQV
D)LQGWKUHHZRUGH[SUHVVLRQVLQWKHDUWLFOHZLWKWKHIROORZLQJPHDQLQJV
GHFLGHKRZPXFKVRPHWKLQJVKRXOGFRVWSDUD
GLIILFXOWWRILQGDQ\WKLQJEHWWHUSDUD
WKHSDUWLFXODUSRVLWLYHTXDOLW\RISHRSOHFRPSDUHGWRPDFKLQHVSDUD
E8VHWKHH[SUHVVLRQVWRFRPSOHWHWKHVHQWHQFHV
7KH SHUVRQDO H[SHULHQFH RI XVLQJ D WUDYHO DJHQF\ LV
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
0DQ\FXVWRPHUVVWLOOSUHIHUBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBZKHQWKH\ERRN
WKHLUKROLGD\V
6KRXOGFRPSXWHUVEHDEOHWRBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBRIDKROLGD\"
7UDYHOVXUYH\
3ODFH D FURVV VRPHZKHUH RQ HDFK OLQH WKDW VKRZV KRZ PXFK \RX DJUHH RU
GLVDJUHHZLWKHDFKVWDWHPHQW
DJUHHGLVDJUHH
,SUHIHUWRERRNP\KROLGD\VDWDQDFWXDO
WUDYHODJHQF\LQWRZQ
$ WUDYHO DJHQW FDQ JLYH PH DGYLFH DQG
WLSVWKDW,FDQ¶WJHWRQOLQH
,¶GEHKDSS\WRERRNDKROLGD\RQDWRXU
RSHUDWRU¶V ZHEVLWH ZLWK WKH KHOS RI
DFKDWERW
, UHDG RQOLQH UHYLHZV EHIRUH , ERRN
D KRWHO URRP RU GHFLGH ZKHUH WR JR RQ
KROLGD\
67

A. V. GUSLYAKOVA • EXTENSIVE READING B1+
,PDNHKRWHOERRNLQJVE\SKRQH
, XVH LQWHUQHWEDVHG FRPSDQLHV HJ
ERRNLQJFRP WR ERRN KROLGD\
DFFRPPRGDWLRQ
'LVFXVVLRQ
x 'UDZDOLQHIURPWKHWRSWRWKHERWWRPRI\RXUVXUYH\WKDWFRQQHFWV\RXUFURVVHV
7KLVZLOOKHOS\RXWRFRPSDUH\RXUDQVZHUVPRUHHDVLO\
x &RPSDUH\RXUDQVZHUVZLWK WKRVH RIRWKHUVWXGHQWV'LVFXVV DQ\ VLPLODULWLHVDQG
GLIIHUHQFHV
7H[W9LHQQDQDPHGZRUOG¶VWRSFLW\IRUTXDOLW\RIOLIH
:DUPHU
$QVZHUWKHTXHVWLRQV7KHQGLVFXVV\RXUDQVZHUV
:KDWWKLQJVGR\RXWKLQNPDNHDFLW\DJRRGSODFHWROLYH"
:KLFKRIWKHVHFLWLHVEHVWILWVZLWK\RXULGHDRIDJUHDWSODFHWROLYH"
3DULV /RQGRQ 6DQ)UDQFLVFR 6LQJDSRUH 9LHQQD %HUOLQ
.H\ZRUGV
0DWFKWKHNH\ZRUGVZLWKWKHGHILQLWLRQVEHORZ7KHQILQGWKHPLQWKHDUWLFOHWR
UHDGWKHPLQFRQWH[W7KHSDUDJUDSKQXPEHUVZLOOKHOS\RX
DPEDVVDGRU
UHFUHDWLRQDO
FRQJHVWLRQ
VWDEOH
GRPLQDWH
WHQGWR
*'3UDQNHG KXE
XQUHVW
RYHUORRNHG
863
EH WKH PRVW LPSRUWDQW DQG VWURQJHVW WKLQJ LQ D SDUWLFXODU VLWXDWLRQ
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBSDUD
ZDV LQ D FHUWDLQ SRVLWLRQ DFFRUGLQJ WR LWV VXFFHVV LPSRUWDQFH VL]H HWF
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBSDUD
WKH WKLQJ WKDW PDNHV VRPHWKLQJ VSHFLDO RU GLIIHUHQW IURP RWKHUV
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBSDUD
68

TEXT 17 • VIENNA NAMED WORLD’S TOP CITY FOR QUALITY OF LIFE
D VHQLRU RIILFLDO ZKR OLYHV LQ D IRUHLJQ FRXQWU\ DQG UHSUHVHQWV KLV RU KHU RZQ
FRXQWU\WKHUHBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBSDUD
WKH PRVW LPSRUWDQW DQG FHQWUDO SODFH ZKHUH VRPHWKLQJ SDUWLFXODU WDNHV SODFH
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBSDUD
WKH WRWDO YDOXH RI WKH JRRGV DQG VHUYLFHV WKDW D FRXQWU\ SURGXFHV LQ D \HDU
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBSDUD
IDLOHGWREHQRWLFHGBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBSDUD
XVXDOO\GRDSDUWLFXODUWKLQJBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBSDUD
QRW FKDQJLQJ IUHTXHQWO\ DQG QRW OLNHO\ WR VXGGHQO\ EHFRPH ZRUVH
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBSDUD
XVHGIRUHQMR\PHQWBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBSDUD
DVLWXDWLRQLQZKLFKWKHUHDUHVRPDQ\YHKLFOHVWKDWLWLVGLIILFXOWWRPRYHDURXQG
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBSDUD
DQJU\ RU YLROHQW EHKDYLRXU E\ SHRSOH ZKR DUH SURWHVWLQJ DJDLQVW VRPHWKLQJ
BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBSDUD
9LHQQDQDPHGZRUOG¶VWRSFLW\IRU
TXDOLW\RIOLIH
3DWULFN&ROOLQVRQ
)HEUXDU\
9LHQQD LV WKH ZRUOG¶V EHVW FLW\ WR
OLYH LQ %DJKGDG LV WKH ZRUVW DQG
/RQGRQ3DULVDQG 1HZ<RUNGR QRW
HYHQ HQWHU WKH WRS DFFRUGLQJ WR
LQWHUQDWLRQDO UHVHDUFK LQWR TXDOLW\ RI
OLIH
*HUPDQVSHDNLQJFLWLHVGRPLQDWHWKH
UDQNLQJVLQWKHWK0HUFHU4XDOLW\RI
/LIH VWXG\ ZLWK 9LHQQD MRLQHG E\
=XULFK 0XQLFK 'XVVHOGRUI DQG
)UDQNIXUWLQWKHWRSVHYHQ
3DULVKDVGURSSHGGRZQWKHWDEOH±LW
KDVIDOOHQWHQSODFHVWRWKMXVWDKHDG
RI /RQGRQ DW WK PRVWO\ EHFDXVH RI
WKHWHUURULVWDWWDFNVRQWKHFLW\
7KH VWXG\ H[DPLQHG VRFLDO DQG
HFRQRPLF FRQGLWLRQV KHDOWK
HGXFDWLRQ KRXVLQJ DQG WKH
HQYLURQPHQW ,W LV XVHG E\ ELJ
FRPSDQLHV WR GHFLGH ZKHUH WKH\
VKRXOGRSHQRIILFHVDQG IDFWRULHV DQG
KRZPXFKWKH\VKRXOGSD\VWDII
+HOHQD +DUWODXHU IURP 9LHQQD
VDLG VKH ZDV QRW VXUSULVHG DW KHU FLW\¶V
WRSSRVLWLRQ7KHFLW\¶VVRFLDOGHPRFUDWLF
JRYHUQPHQW KDV D ORQJ WUDGLWLRQ RI
LQYHVWLQJ PRQH\ LQ KLJKTXDOLW\ VRFLDO
KRXVLQJ ZKLFK PDNHV 9LHQQD OHVV
H[SHQVLYHWKDQRWKHUPDMRUFLWLHV
³,OLYHLQDVTPHWUHDSDUWPHQWLQ
D JRRG DUHD DERXW PLQXWHV¶ ZDON
IURPWKHFLW\FHQWUH%XWP\UHQWLVMXVW
¼ D PRQWK´ $ VLPLODU
DSDUWPHQW LQ /RQGRQ ZRXOG FRVW RYHU
DQG HYHQ PRUH LQ 1HZ <RUN
UDQNHGWKLQWKHWDEOH
86FLWLHVSHUIRUPUHODWLYHO\EDGO\LQ
WKH VWXG\ PRVWO\ EHFDXVH RI LVVXHV
DURXQGSHUVRQDOVDIHW\ DQGFULPH 7KH
KLJKHVW UDQNLQJ FLW\ LQ WKH 86 LV 6DQ
69

A. V. GUSLYAKOVA • EXTENSIVE READING B1+
)UDQFLVFR DW WK %RVWRQ LV WK
&DQDGLDQ FLWLHV OHG E\ 9DQFRXYHU GR
PXFKEHWWHUWKDQ
WKHLU86ULYDOVLQWKHWDEOH
³<RXGRQ¶WUHDOL]HKRZVDIH9LHQQDLV
XQWLO\RXJRDEURDG´VDLG+DUWODXHU³:H
DOVR KDYH WHUULILF SXEOLF WUDQVSRUW ZLWK
WKH XQGHUJURXQG ZRUNLQJ KRXUV DW
ZHHNHQGVDQGLWRQO\FRVWV¼SHUWULS´
9LHQQD EHQHILWHG HQRUPRXVO\ IURP
WKH IDOO RI WKH %HUOLQ :DOO EHFRPLQJ
WKH JDWHZD\ WR (DVWHUQ (XURSHDQ
FRXQWULHV WKDW RIWHQ KDYH KLVWRULF
FRQQHFWLRQV WR WKH IRUPHU $XVWUR
+XQJDULDQHPSLUH
³2XU ELJ 863 XQLTXH VHOOLQJ
SRLQW LV RXU JHRJUDSKLFDO ORFDWLRQ´
VDLG 0DUWLQ (LFKWLQJHU $XVWULDQ
DPEDVVDGRU WR /RQGRQ ZKR OLYHG LQ
9LHQQD IRU \HDUV ³7KH IDOO RI WKH
%HUOLQ:DOOKHOSHGPDNH9LHQQDDKXE
IRU FRPSDQLHV ZDQWLQJ WR GR EXVLQHVV
LQ&HQWUDO(XURSH´
$FFRUGLQJ WR WKH :RUOG %DQN
$XVWULD KDV RQH RI WKH KLJKHVW ILJXUHV
IRU *'3 JURVV GRPHVWLF SURGXFW SHU
SHUVRQLQWKHZRUOGMXVWEHKLQGWKH86
DQG DKHDG RI *HUPDQ\ DQG %ULWDLQ
DOWKRXJK EHORZ QHLJKERXULQJ
6ZLW]HUODQG
0HUFHU VD\V =XULFK LQ 6ZLW]HUODQG
KDVWKH ZRUOG¶VVHFRQG KLJKHVWTXDOLW\
RIOLIHEXWWKH9LHQQHVHVD\WKHLUFLW\LV
IDUPRUHIXQ³7KHUHDUHPRUHVWXGHQWV
LQ 9LHQQD WKDQ DQ\ RWKHU *HUPDQ
VSHDNLQJ FLW\´ VDLG +DUWODXHU ³,W¶V
D YHU\ IDVW JURZLQJ \RXQJ DQG OLYHO\
FLW\´VKHDGGHG
9LHQQD KDV ORQJ EHHQ RYHUORRNHG
E\%ULWLVKZHHNHQGFLW\EUHDNWRXULVWV
ZKRLQVWHDGJR WR%DUFHORQD RU%HUOLQ
DQG WHQG WR WKLQN RI $XVWULD DV
VRPHZKHUH IRU VNLLQJ ODNHV DQG
PRXQWDLQV
%XW DIWHU DQ LQFUHDVH LQ EXGJHW
IOLJKWV IURP %ULWLVK FLWLHV VXFK DV
0DQFKHVWHU DQG (GLQEXUJK 9LHQQD LV
EHFRPLQJ D PRUH SRSXODU GHVWLQDWLRQ
,Q WKHUH ZHUH %ULWLVK
YLVLWRUVWR 9LHQQD PRUHWKDQ WKH
\HDUEHIRUH
³9LHQQD KDV UDQNHG WRS LQ WKH ODVW
VHYHQ VXUYH\V´ VDLG 0HUFHU ³,W VFRUHV
KLJKO\ LQ D QXPEHU RI FDWHJRULHV LW
SURYLGHVDVDIHDQGVWDEOHHQYLURQPHQWWR
OLYHLQDKLJKVWDQGDUGRISXEOLFWUDQVSRUW
DQGJRRGUHFUHDWLRQDOIDFLOLWLHV´
/RQGRQKDVQHYHUEHHQLQWKHTXDOLW\
RIOLIHWRS WHQVD\V0HUFHUGDPDJHGE\
LWV SRRU VFRUHV IRU DLU SROOXWLRQ WUDIILF
FRQJHVWLRQ DQG FOLPDWH $IWHU /RQGRQ
(GLQEXUJK LV WKH QH[WUDQNLQJ %ULWLVK
FLW\LQWKSODFH
3DULV KDV VXIIHUHG WKH ELJJHVW IDOO LQ
WKH PRVW UHFHQW UDQNLQJV ³3DULV KDV
UHPDLQHGVWDEOHIRUVHYHUDO\HDUVEXWKDV
WKLV \HDU GURSSHG WHQ SODFHV´ VDLG
0HUFHU³7KHGURSZDVPRVWO\GXHWRWKH
WHUURULVWDWWDFNVLQEHFDXVHVDIHW\LV
DYHU\LPSRUWDQWIDFWRULQWKHVXUYH\´
$XFNODQGLQ1HZ=HDODQGZDVWKH
KLJKHVW UDQNLQJ (QJOLVKVSHDNLQJ FLW\
LQ WKH VXUYH\ LQ WKLUG SODFH IROORZHG
E\9DQFRXYHULQILIWK$XVWUDOLDQFLWLHV
DOVRGRZHOOLQWKHVXUYH\ZLWK6\GQH\
WKDQG0HOERXUQHWK
:DUDQGSROLWLFDOXQUHVWDUHEHKLQG
DOOWKHZRUVWUDQNHGFLWLHVLQWKHZRUOG
6XUSULVLQJO\ 'DPDVFXV LV QDPHG DV
RQO\ WKH VHYHQWK ZRUVW UDQNHG EHWWHU
WKDQ %DJKGDG %DQJXL LQ &HQWUDO
$IULFDQ 5HSXEOLF 6DQD¶D LQ <HPHQ
3RUWDX3ULQFH LQ +DLWL .KDUWRXP LQ
6XGDQDQG1¶'MDPHQDLQ&KDG
*XDUGLDQ1HZVDQG0HGLD
)LUVWSXEOLVKHGLQThe Guardian
70
Соседние файлы в предмете [НЕСОРТИРОВАННОЕ]
