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Файл:Английский язык для судоводителей. Практикум
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proceed to…
следовать в…
reduce speed/ slacken speed
снижать скорость
run into danger
идти к опасности
sail
идти, ходить (о судне)
steer steady course
следовать заданным курсом
swing at anchor
разворачиваться на якоре
turn to port/starboard
поворачивать
2. Say in English:
1. Судно следует в порт выгрузки
2. Поворачиваю вправо
3. Иду к опасности
4. Снижаю скорость до 7 узлов
5. Как правило, суда расходятся левыми бортами
6. Я имею ход относительно с воды
7. Сохраняю курс и скорость
8. Прибываю в порт
9. Подхожу к порту
10. Меняю курс
3. Match terms which might be explained in context of ship’s movement with
definitions:
Let’s go into the matter of ship’s movement, namely, in language context. For
example, “ship is proceeding”, “ship is manoeuvring” or “ship is drifting”. How
will you explain the difference between “ship is entering the port ”and “ship is
arriving at the port”?
1. Drifting
a) to maintain course and speed
2. Give way
b) to depart from the port
3. Proceed (to)
c) to change course
4. Underway
d) an operation during which a vessel enters or
exits coastal waters of a country, crosses several
ships on the way, and proceeds towards or
departs from a berth or jetty of a port
5. Vessel is “making way”
e) to sail or head for a certain position or to
continue with the voyage
6. Manoeuvring
f) defined by whether or not ship has any speed
through the water and if her rudder movement is
effective
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7. Keep course and speed
g) being driven along by the wind, tide or current
8. Alter course
h) describes a vessel which is not at anchor, or
made fast to the shore, or aground
9. Leave the port
i) to keep out of the way of other vessel
4. Boost your grammar skills using phrases below. Follow the model:
Model:
Present Continuous
What are you doing?
Present Simple
What do you do?
Present Perfect
What have you done?
Past Simple
What did you do?
I am overtaking a
vessel now
Usually I overtake a
vessel from the
direction more than
22.5 degrees
I have just overtaken a
vessel
I overtook a vessel
1 hour ago
arrive at port; reduce speed; pass each other port-to-port; leave the port; increase
speed; approach pilot station; enter the port; cross the traffic lane; turn to port; get
underway
5. SMCP with verbs of ship’s movements. Learn them:
I am manoeuvring with difficulty
Я маневрирую с трудом
Can you proceed without assistance?
Вы можете следовать самостоятельно?
From what direction are you approaching?
С какого направления вы подходите?
Advise you keep your present course
Рекомендую вам сохранять прежний курс
I have altered course. My new course is 270°
Я изменил курс. Новый курс 270 °
Do not enter traffic lane
Не входите в полосу движения
Vessel is turning in position…
Судно разворачивается в точке…
I am ready to get underway
Я готов начать движение
You are running into danger
Вы идете к опасности
You are steering dangerous course
Вы следуете опасным курсом
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UNIT 3. COMMUNICATION AT SEA
1. Familiarize with specific abbreviations and acronyms:
IMO (International Maritime Organization) — Международная морская
организация.
STCW (International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and
Watchkeeping for Seafarers) — Международная конвенция по подготовке,
дипломированию и несению вахты моряков.
SOLAS (Safety of Life at Sea) Convention — Международная конвенция по
безопасности жизни на море.
NAVTEX (NAVigational TEleX) — международная автоматизированная система
оповещения. В судоходной навигации служит для приема навигационной и
метеорологической информации безопасности
INMARSAT (International Maritime Satellite Organization) — международная
организация, которая предоставляет на коммерческой основе свои технические
средства для связи с морскими и воздушными судами и сухопутным
транспортом
GMDSS (Global Maritime Distress and Safety System) — Глобальная морская
система связи при бедствии и для обеспечения безопасности
ICS (International Code of Signals) — Международный свод сигналов
SMCP (Standard Maritime Communication Phrases) — Стандартные фразы ИМО
для общения на море
2. Learn phrases and complete sentences with them:
maintain a contact with shore
установить контакт с берегом
contact me
свяжитесь со мной
contact VTS (Vessel Traffic Service)
свяжитесь с берегом
transmit a message
передать сообщение
message transmitted
сообщение передано
decipher information
расшифровать информацию
receive a message
принять информацию
information received
информация принята
navigational warning
навигационное предупреждение
warning received
предупреждение принято
make a mistake
сделать ошибку
Spell ship’s name
Произнесите по буквам название судна
Say again (если сообщение не
расслышано надлежащим образом,
просят…)
Повторите, пожалуйста
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confirm a message
подтвердить сообщение
communicate with
связаться с…
avoid misunderstanding
избежать недопонимание
communication must be unambiguous
Общение должно быть недвусмысленным
be responsible for
быть ответственным за …
How do you read me?
Как слышите меня?
What is your position?
Сообщите свои координаты
Latitude
широта
Longitude
долгота
What is your present course?
Каким курсом идете?
What is your present speed?
С какой скоростью идете?
What was your last port of call?
Какой был ваш последний порт захода?
What is your destination?
Какой ваш порт назначения?
What is your port of loading?
Какой ваш порт погрузки?
What is your port of discharge?
Какой ваш порт выгрузки?
approach mid-channel buoy
Подойти к осевому бую
pass reporting point
проходить точку доклада
What is your call sign?
Какой ваш позывной?
From what direction are you
approaching?
С какого направления вы подходите?
Are you underway?
Вы на ходу?
Vessel is entering the fairway
Судно входит на фарватер
Vessel is leaving the fairway
Судно покидает фарватер
Vessel is turning
Судно поворачивает
Vessel is anchoring
Судно становится на якорь
Vessel is overtaking you
Судно обгоняет вас
You are steering a dangerous course
Вы идете опасным курсом
Vessel is altering course
Судно меняет курс
We are getting underway
Снимаемся с якоря
Vessel is crossing from port
side/starboard side
Судно пересекает путь слева/справа
I will complete the manoeuvre
Я закончу маневр
I will follow a tug
Я проследую за буксиром
I have dangerous cargo on board
У меня опасный груз на борту
I require a pilot
Мне требуется лоцман
I have a pilot on board
У меня лоцман на борту
I am manoeuvring with difficulty
Я маневрирую с трудом
What cargo on board?
Какой груз на борту?
3. Translate the following sentences into English:
1. Вы уже установили контакт с берегом?
2. Передайте сообщение всем судам
3. Я принимаю навигационное предупреждение
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4. Вы допустили ошибку в сообщении
5. Пожалуйста, подтвердите сообщение
6. Кто отвечает за радио связь?
7. Вам требуется лоцман?
8. Важно избежать недопонимание
9. Мне требуются буксиры, чтобы войти в порт
10. Прохожу точку доклада
4. Read the text below and speak with your colleagues:
English is an international maritime language. Mariners all over the world use
English for effective communication on board as well as between ships and shore.
English has been adopted by the International Maritime Organization (IMO),
officially, as the language of the sea.
Standard Marine Communication Phrases (SMCP) help mariners avoid
misunderstanding and provide safety of life at sea.
Under the STCW Convention the ability to understand and use the SMCP is required
for the certification of officers in charge of a navigational watch (OOW). One of the
competences under the STCW Code1, that is, “use the IMO Standard Marine
Communication Phrases and use English in written and oral form” contains the
following knowledge, understanding and proficiency “an adequate knowledge of the
English language to enable the officer to use charts and other nautical publications, to
understand meteorological information and messages concerning ship’s safety and
operation, to communicate with other ships, coast stations and VTS centres and to
perform the officer’s duties also with a multilingual crew, including the ability to use
and understand the IMO Standard Marine Communication Phrases (IMO SMCP)”
Due to different disturbances (noise, fog) which may happen at sea in the process of
messages transmitting, mariners use both verbal and non-verbal components of
communication.
One element of non-verbal maritime communication currently used is International
Code of Signals (ICS). The purpose ICS is to provide ways and means of
communication in situations related essentially to safety of navigation and persons
when language difficulties arise. Besides ICS, non-verbal communication is provided
by sound and visual signals.
1
The regulations contained in the Convention are supported by sections in the STCW Code. The Convention
contains basic requirements which are then enlarged upon and explained in the Code. Part A of the Code is mandatory.
The minimum standards of competence required for seagoing personnel are given in detail in a series of tables. Part B
of the Code contains recommended guidance which is intended to help Parties implement the Convention.
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Verbal communication is mostly carried out by use of VHF radio communication.
Knowledge of SMCP is essential for verbal communication.
Present marine communications requirements are established under SOLAS (Safety
of Life at Sea) Convention. Under SOLAS regulations, it is required that ships have
GMDSS (Global Maritime Distress and Safety System) equipment.
5. Discuss some details of this text with your study partner. While discussing
please use the following phrases:
As far as I know …; If I’m not mistaken …; What do you mean by …? Exactly! Are
you sure? I don’t mind; I think so
1. Why is English is an international maritime language?
2. What is IMO?
3. What helps mariners avoid misunderstanding and provide safety of life at sea?
4. What is GMDSS?
5. What knowledge, understanding and proficiency in relation to the English
language must OOW have according to the requirements of STCW Code?
6. How is verbal communication effected?
7. What is non-verbal communication at sea?
8. What Conventions require an adequate knowledge of Maritime English?
9. What does a NAVTEX message generally contain?
10. Why must the SMCP be used in VHF-conversation?
6. Familiarize with phrases. Compare Common English and IMO SMCP. Learn
these phrases:
English language
IMO SMCP
How well are you receiving me?
How do you read me?
I’m terminating the conversation
Out
I’ve completed my transmission and ready to
receive yours
Over
Remain on VHF channel
Stand by on VHF channel
Do you know when the pilot will embark?
Question: When will pilot embark?
You should leave the port due to storm
You are recommended to leave the port due to
storm
You must not approach anchorage place
Do not approach anchorage place
Do you know if there are any dangers to
navigation?
Any dangers to navigation in the vicinity?
Unknown object is located in position
Unknown object in position
You must shift from berth to berth
You are required to shift from berth to berth
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Where are you proceeding?
What is your present course?
May I enter the fairway?
Do I have a permission to enter the fairway?
You may enter the fairway
You have a permission to enter the fairway
You should drop anchor in anchorage A1
Advice. Anchor in anchorage A1
I am going to alter my course
Intention. I will alter my course
My course has just been altered
My course altered
You could be running into danger
Warning. You are running into danger
Where are you?
What is your position?
I don’t understand you
I do not understand you
7. Study meanings of flags as an element of non-verbal communication. Learn
ICS:
A
Alfa
I have a diver down; keep well clear at slow speed
B
Bravo
I am taking in or discharging or carrying dangerous goods
C
Charlie
Affirmative/Yes
D
Delta
Keep clear of me; I am maneuvering with difficulty
E
Echo
I am altering my course to starboard
F
Foxtrot
I am disabled; communicate with me
G
Golf
I require a pilot
H
Hotel
I have a pilot on board
I
India
I am altering my course to port.
J
Juliette
I am on fire and have dangerous cargo on board: keep well clear
of me or I am leaking dangerous cargo
K
Kilo
I wish to communicate with you
L
Lima
You should stop. I have something important to communicate
M
Mike
My vessel is stopped and making no way through the water
N
November
Negative/No
O
Oscar
Man overboard
P
Papa
All aboard, vessel is about to proceed. At sea: your lights are
out or burning badly
Q
Quebec
My vessel is healthy and I request free pratique
R
Romeo
No meaning
S
Sierra
My engines are going full speed astern
T
Tango
Do not pass ahead of me. Keep clear, engaged in pair trawling
U
Uniform
You are running into danger
V
Victor
I require assistance
W
Whiskey
I require medical assistance
X
X-ray
Stop carrying out your intentions and watch for my signals
Y
Yankee
I am dragging my anchor
Z
Zulu
I require a tug
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UNIT 4. SHIP’S CREW
1. Familiarize with the vocabulary below:
AB Seaman — матрос международного класса
anchor gear — якорное устройство
authority — полномочия
be aware of — быть в курсе чего-либо, знать что-либо
be responsible for (to be in charge of) — отвечать за что-либо (на судне)
be responsible to — подчиняться кому-либо
cargo gear — грузовое устройство
Carrier — перевозчик
Carrier’s Representative — представитель перевозчика
carry out plotting — выполнять прокладку курса
carry out repairs — выполнять ремонт
deck department — служба эксплуатации на судне
determine ship’s position — определять местоположение судна
duties and responsibilities — обязанности и обязательства
emergency procedures — процедуры по организации действий в аварийной
ситуации
emergency situations — аварийные ситуации
engine department — служба технической эксплуатации на судне
fire extinguisher — огнетушитель
fire-fighting equipment — оборудование по борьбе с пожаром
give a briefing — проводить инструктаж
immersion suit — гидрокостюм
junior officer — младший офицер
life-buoy — спасательный круг
life-jacket — спасательный жилет
life-raft — спасательный плот
life-saving appliances — спасательные средства
maintain a ship — обслуживать судно
Master’s assistant — помощник капитана
mooring gear — швартовое устройство
mooring operations — швартовые операции
near-miss — угроза происшествия, потенциальное происшествие, опасная
ситуация
officer in charge of engineering watch — вахтенный механик (МК ПДНВ 78
с поправками)
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officer in charge of navigational watch — вахтенный помощник (МК ПДНВ-78
с поправками)
OOW (officer of the watch) — вахтенный помощник капитана
ordinary seamen — младший матрос, матрос II-го класса
participate in … — принимать участие в …
plot course — прокладывать курс
rating forming part of navigational watch — вахтенный матрос
ratings — младший состав на судне
safety drills — аварийные учения
sailors’ work — работа матросов
seaworthiness — мореходность, пригодность к плаванию
securing — крепление (груза)
ship’s running — работа судна
Shipowner — судовладелец
stowage — укладка (груза)
swabbing — мытье шваброй, драйка
take bearing — брать пеленг
under supervision — под наблюдением
upkeep — профилактическое обслуживание
well-being of a crew — состояние экипажа
2. Read the text below and speak about ship’s crew:
Life on board a ship is quite different from any other organization on land. In order to
keep the vessel's operations running smoothly, each crew member has a specific
position on board, as well as, duties and responsibilities. Ship’s crew is a personnel
required to handle and maintain a ship. All persons onboard are divided into three
departments:
- those who provide safe navigation of a ship (Deck Department);
- those who maintain all machinery carrying out the repair functions on board
(Engine Department);
- Catering Department or Steward's Department that takes care of the catering needs.
Chief Officer is in charge of the Deck Department. Chief Engineer is in charge of the
Engine Department. He has several licensed engineers to help him with Engine Room
monitoring, maintenance and repair duties.
Master is a person in charge of the ship on passage. He/she is the ship's highest
responsible officer, operating on behalf of the Shipowner or Carrier. He is not a
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crewmember, he is the Carrier’s Representative. Master is responsible to the Shipping
Company which employs him.
While the ship is traveling in confined waters, such as narrow channels or straits,
Master consults with the pilots. Master has 3 assistants. All Master’s assistants are
officers in charge of navigational watch, that is, they keep watch on the bridge.
Chief Officer, commonly known as a Chief Mate is the ship's second-in-command
after the Master. Vessel's cargo operations, ship’s stability, and deck crew
supervision are the Chief Officer's main responsibilities. The Chief Officer is in
charge of the ship's safety and security, as well as the well-being of the crew.
As an officer in charge of navigational watch Chief Mate keeps watch from 00:00 to
04:00 and from 12:00 to 16:00 every day. Other Chief Officer’s responsibilities
include maintaining the ship's hull, cargo gears, accommodations, life-saving and
fire-fighting equipment. He also gives a briefing with the crew and cadets as to
safety, firefighting, search and rescue, and other emergency procedures.
Second Officer, also known as a Second Mate, is normally in charge of ship’s
navigation and called a Navigational Officer. He is responsible to Chief Officer and
after the Master and Chief Officer, he/she is the third-in-command. Second officer
keeps watch from 04:00 to 08:00 and from 16:00 to 20:00. He is responsible to the
Master for all aspects of navigation (voyage planning, chart/publication correction,
navigational equipment maintenance including GMDSS) while at sea, in charge of
cargo watch while in port for the safe and efficient transfer of cargo.
Third Officer, sometimes known as a Third Mate, is primarily responsible for the
ship's and crew's safety. The ship's Safety Officer is usually a Third Officer. As
fourth-in-command, Third Officer is the next authorized position on board the vessel.
Third Officer is responsible for portable fire-fighting equipment and life- saving
appliances except those which are assigned to the engine department.
Performing their duties and responsibilities, the Deck Crew must:
- report any near misses, unsafe work practices, or injuries to the Chief Mate;
- comply with all PPE requirements and other controls as specified by the SMS
system;
- be aware of his or her emergency responsibilities while onboard the vessel.
Ratings participate in mooring operations, carry out all maintenance work including
planned upkeep and repair of all hull equipment, painting and deck cleaning,
washing, swabbing, scrubbing and chipping. AB seaman keeps watch, during which
he performs duties of a lookout or works as a helmsman.
Engine Department includes the engineers, electricians and motormen. On ships,
engineers are known as technical officers. Chief Engineer is responsible for the
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