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Файл:Английский язык для профессионального общения. Искусство и дизайн = English for Professional Communication. Art and Design. Учебное пособие
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Unit 2. Description of Paintingsr
10. What has the boy got on his back?
11.
Where is the other bag?
12. Why canʼt the boy learn at school?
13. What must the boy do instead of going to school? Why must he
work?
14. Does the boy want to learn at school? What makes you think that he
wants to learn?
15. Why has the boy come to school?
He would like to sit at the desk with the other children, wouldn’t he?
16.
17.
What can we see in the background? Can we see the whole of the
classroom or only part of it?
18. What can we see on the left?
19. What can we see on the right?
20. Can we see the teacher?
21. Can we see the pupils?
22. What are the pupils doing?
23. One pupil is not writing. What is he doing?
24. Why in your opinion this pupil is looking at the boy standing at the
door? Do you think he is the poor boy’s friend?
25. What can we see on the walls of the classroom?
26. Can you see a lamp hanging from the ceiling? Is it an electric lamp
or a kerosene lamp?
27. The picture shows the hard life of peasants children in old times,
doesn’t it?
3. Read the description of the painting At the Door of the School
and be ready to describe it yourself.
At the Door of the School
This is a picture of a country school.
In the foreground we see a peasant boy. He is standing at the door of
the classroom. The boy is very poor. He is dressed in ragged clothes. He
is leaning on a stick. Evidently he is tired. The boy has two bags: one on
his back and the other on his side.
The boy cannot learn at school because he is poor. He must work to
help his family. But he wants to learn very much, thatʼs why he has come
to school. He is looking at the pupils. He would like to sit at the desk, too!
21
I. Basic course
In the background we see a part of the classroom. We see a part of the
blackboard on the left and some desks on the right. The pupils are writing
something. One pupil is looking at the boy. Perhaps he is his friend.
On the wall we can see a map and some pictures. There is a kerosene
lamp hanging from the ceiling. The picture shows the hard life of peasants in old times. [4]
4. Describe the picture At the Door of the School. Use Ex. 2 for
help.
5. Look at the picture Low Mark Again by F. Reshetnikov (App.
3,
fig. 3) and answer the questions given below.
1. This is a picture of a poor student, isn’t it?
2. Whom can we see in the foreground?
3. Has the boy just come home?
4. Where is he standing?
5. What has he got in his hand? Does he look sad?
6. The boy is ashamed, isn’t he?
7. Can he look his mother in the face?
8. Why can’t he look his mother in the face?
9. How is the boyʼs mother looking at him?
10. Why is the boyʼs mother looking at her son with reproach?
Do you think it is his first low mark?
11.
12.
What makes you think it isnʼt his first low mark?
13. What is the boy’s mother sorry for?
The boy has a little brother, hasnʼt he?
14.
15.
Where is the boyʼs little brother?
Why is the little brother smiling? Is he glad to see his elder brother?
16.
17. Does the little boy understand that his mother is sorry? Why doesnʼt
he?
18. Does he know that it is bad to get low marks?
19. Does he gloat over his brotherʼs misfortime?
20. Whom can we see in the background?
21. Where is the boyʼs sister standing?
22.
What is she doing? Why is she putting her books and exercise-books
on the table? She is going to do her home work, isnʼt she?
23. Do you think the boyʼs sister is a good pupil? What makes you think
so? In what way is she looking at the boy?
22
Unit 2. Description of Paintingsr
24. The dog is very glad to see the boy, isnʼt it? Why do you think so?
25.
Why doesnʼt the boy pay attention to the dog?
What mark would the boy like to have in his record-book instead of
26.
“a two”?
6. Read the description of the picture Low Mark Again by
F. Reshetnikov and be ready to describe it yourself.
In this picture we see a poor student who has got a low mark.
In the foreground we see a boy. He has just come home from school.
He is standing in the middle of the room with his bag in his hand. He is
very sad and ashamed. He cannot look his mother in the face. His mother
is looking at him with reproach. Evidently it is not his first low mark. She
is sorry for her son.
The boyʼs little brother is smiling. He is too little and does not understand that his mother is sorry. But he knows that it is bad to get low
marks. He is glad he does not get them.
In the background we see the boyʼs sister. She is standing at the table.
She is putting her books and exercise-books on the table. Evidently she is
going to do her homework. She is also looking at her brother with
reproach.
Only the dog is glad to see the boy. But the boy does not pay attention
to the dog. He is too sad. He would like to have “a five” in his recordbook instead of “a two”! [4]
7. Retell the description the picture Low Mark Again close to the
text.
8. Make as many sentences as you can, using the following substi-
tution pattern.
Vasnetsov
Shishkin
Surikov
Van Dyck
Michelangelo
Rembrant
Brullov
an outstanding
a brilliant
a prominent
is
an astonishing
a remarkable
a superb
a great
painter of the
19t h
18th
17t h
century
23
I. Basic course
READING AND SPEAKING
8. Read the text The Hermitage and answer the questions given
below.
The Hermitage
The Hermitage, the great museum which Catherine the Great started
with her private collection is today one of the prized possessions of
Russia. It is the biggest in Russia and one of the worldʼs greatest art
museums. It contains over two and a half million invaluable pieces of art
from all over the world. Really, it belongs to the culture of the world.
There are Spanish art, German art, Dutch art, French art; treasures of
Peter the Great, trophies of Russian victories at war.
People come here to see the exquisite works of Leonardo da Vinci and
Titian, Rembrandt and Rubens, to view the monuments of Ancient Egypt,
Greece and Rome, and the culture and art of many peoples.
In America, art museums in Philadelphia, New York, Washington,
Chicago, San Francisco – any of the large cities – have examples of some
of the old masters. Perhaps, if the treasures of these museums were
grouped together, they might approach the munificence of the Hermitage.
But the riches of the Hermitage would dwarf any one of them. [9]
1. What are the most well-known art museums in Russia?
2. What is the history of the Hermitage in brief?
3. What is the Hermitage famous for?
4. What can the Hermitage offer you?
5. Have you ever been to the Hermitage? Have you ever seen any
pictures or their reproductions? What do you think of them?
9. Imagine that you are going to take a foreigner around the
Hermitage. Speak on the Hermitage in general.
10. Read the following dialogue and role-play it with your partner.
At the Hermitage
A. Can I help you? I see you have a problem.
B. Yes, thank you. You see, this is my first visit to the Hermitage.
24
Unit 2. Description of Paintingsr
A. Oh, I am sure you will enjoy seeing our collections. Only one visit
here is not enough. You will have to come here again and again to get
a full impression of the museum.
B. Of course, I understand that. I know that the Hermitage is one of
the richest art museums of the world, and I wonʼt be able to see everything in one day.
A. What would you like to see today?
B. Do you have paintings by Renaissance masters?
A. Yes, we have a fine collection of their paintings on the second
floor. Just go up this staircase, then walk along the corridor and cross the
hall of the 19th century masters.
B. Thank you very much. Just one more question. Where are the
English paintings?
A. Our collection of English paintings is rather small but very exquisite. You will find there a number of real masterpieces.
B. Yes, Iʼve heard about it and I am anxious to see your collection.
A. I am sure you wonʼt be disappointed.
B. Thank you.
GRAMMAR SECTION
11. Render the contents of the dialogue At the Hermitage into the
indirect speech.
12. Look at the picture At Breakfast by Z. Serebriakova (App. 3,
fig. 4). Complete the text Children’s Portrait.
Children’s Portrait
The name of the picture by Zinaida Serebriakova is Childrenʼs Portrait
(За завтраком). In the picture we see two boys and a girl. They are ____
(братья) and ______ (сестра). They have big ________ (темные глаза)
and _______ (свежие, розовые, приятные лица). The children’s
_______ (волосы) is _________ (кудрявые, мягкие и густые), their
_______ (брови) are _______ (тонкие). I think that their _______
(лица) are _______ (слишком) serious. The boy in the background has
long ______ (ресницы). He has a glass in his ______ (рука). These
children are _______ (очаровательные). They have ______ (простая
25
I. Basic course
одежда) on. On the table there are some tea-things. The composition of
the picture is rather original and _______ (выразительна). It has the
atmosphere of а _______ (приятной, спокойной) everyday life.
(По-моему), _____ this is one of the best pictures of the artist.
13. Describe Serebriakovaʼs painting At Breakfast.
14. Look at the picture The Return of the Prodigal Sun, (App. 3,
fig. 5), read the text. Then answer the questions given below.
The Return of the Prodigal Son
Rembrandt was the greatest Dutch painter of the 17th century. His
masterpieces are kept in all the big museums of the world. There are
26
paintings of his at the Hermitage too. The Return of the Prodigal Son
is one of them. In this canvas the artist used the subject of an ancient
legend. The picture portrays the meeting of an old father with his son,
who has been away from home for many years. With the help of light the
painter emphasizes the face of the old man, who has lost eyesight in the
long years of wait. The old father is feeling with his hands the figure of
his son who is kneeling before him. His son has just returned home and
is asking his father for help. The son’s poor clothes, his shaven head show
that he has gone through many hardships, has seen poverty and want. He
has lost faith in life, in future and in happiness. But his kind father is
ready to help him.
In this picture Rembrandt emphasized the humanistic idea of closeness of people, their readiness to help each other in need. This picture
was painted in 1668 at the end of the great master’s life.
But the subject had attracted Rembrandt also at the beginning of his
art career. In 1636 he had made an engraving and a number of drawings
in which he had treated the same subject quite differently. But only in the
last variant the painter achieved true monumentalism and perfection. The
old and lonely master who had lost all those he had loved still believed in
human kindness and sympathy. [8]
How old was Rembrandt when he painted this picture and what was
1.
his life like? What does this painting portray?
2. How long has the young man been away from home?
3. Where has he been all that time?
26
Unit 2. Description of Paintingsr
4. Why has he returned home?
5.
What idea has Rembrandt conveyed in his painting?
6. When did Rembrandt first use the subject of the old legend?
7. How did the painter treat the same subject when he was young?
15. Look at the painting Black Square by K. Malevich (App. 3,
6), read the text and answer the questions given below.
fig.
Malevichʼs Black Square
The
Black Square by Kazimir Malevich is one of the most famous
creations of Russian art in the last century. The first
Black Square was
painted in 1915 to become the turning point in the development of Russian
avant-garde. Black Square
against white background became the symbol,
the basic element in the system of the art of suprematism, the step into the
new art. The artist himself created several variants of the Black Square.
Describing the painting itself would be rather difficult, considering
the fact that it is nothing but an actual black square, about 80×80 cm,
painted with oil on linen. The surface of the painting is somewhat shabby,
although the rest of the three black squares are in good condition.
Malevich himself claimed the square to be the new starting point in art,
a sort of a zero from which other new art forms will emerge (and, surprisingly, he was right: suprematist influence can be easily noticed in a large
number of modern conceptual artworks). The title of the exhibition where
the painting had first been introduced – “0.10” – only supports this thesis.
The Black Square was, at the same time, a typographic dot, a period at
the end of a long sentence of traditional visual arts that conveyed meanings through objects; it was a sign of a new era in art. Probably, Malevich
even saw his own style of suprematism as obsolete as well; a suprematist
composition was discovered under the black layers of paint, which might
be a clue to understand the square.
The Black Square is indeed an enigmatic and influential painting.
There will probably be no end to the debates about it; maybe art critics
are simply overthinking the subject, trying to see meaning where there is
none, and the Black Square is nothing more than a black square
– as
already stated by many art experts such as Robin Greenwood. At the
same time, many of the respected and knowledgeable art critics continue
searching for the true and hidden meanings of Malevich’s masterpiece.
27
I. Basic course
And, who knows, perhaps one of their interpretations will someday prove
true.
1. Is this painting familiar to you?
2. Is Malevich a modern artist?
3. What kind of painting is it?
4. What does the painting show?
5. What do you think of this picture?
6. Is it possible to have common standards and yet disagree about individual artistic approaches?
16. Look at Marilyn Diptych (складень) by Andy Warhol (App. 3,
fig. 7), read the text and answer the questions given below.
Andy Warholʼs Marilyn Monroe
Andrew (Andy) Warhol is one of the most influential artists of the
20th century and the central figure of the American Pop Art movement.
After a career as a commercial illustrator, Warhol became famous worldwide for his avant-garde Pop Art paintings and screen printings (трафаретная печать). He was a diverse figure known for friendships with
bohemian street people, distinguished intellectuals, Hollywood celebrities and wealthy aristocrats. He was also controversial figure because of
the nature of his works, his near fatal shooting, and his sex life. For these
reasons and others he is known as the Prince of Pop Art.
Silkscreening (шелкография) was the technique used to create this
painting. The twenty-five images on the left are in colour, the right side is
black and white. The painting consists of 50 images. The work was
completed during the weeks after Marilyn Monroeʼs death in August
1962. The fifty images of the actress are all based on a single publicity
photograph from the film Niagara.
It has been suggested that the relation between the left side of the
canvas and its right side is evocative of the relation between the celebrityʼs
life and death.
A common idea to all the
Marilynʼs works was that her image was
reproduced over and over again as one would find it reprinted in newspapers and magazines at the time. After viewing dozens, or hundreds of
such images, a viewer stops seeing a person depicted, but is left with an
28
Unit 2. Description of Paintingsr
icon of popular, consumer culture. Warhol famously said that “business
art is the step that comes after Art. I started as a commercial artist, and
I want to finish as a business artist.ˮ He became one of the world most
successful artists, and made screen prints, sculptures, films, managed
a band, and even designed wallpaper.
1. Is this painting familiar to you?
2. Is Andy Warhol a modern artist?
3. What kind of painting is it?
4. Do you think the excellence of an artist’s style can be recognized at
first sight?
5. What do you think of the diptych?
6. Is painting easier to understand than other kinds of art?
7. What kind of painting attracts you mostly?
17. Look at the painting Bedroom in Arles (App. 3, fig. 8), and
describe van Goghʼs bedroom.
Bedroom in Arles
This is a reproduction of a picture by the well-known French impres-
sionist painter Van Gogh.
We see an empty room. There is little furniture in it. The furniture is
simple and modest. On the right there is a wooden bed. In the background
there is a small dressing-table near the window. On the left there is a door.
There is another door on the other side of the room. On the walls, there
are some paintings and drawings – a few portraits and a landscape. To the
left of the window there is a square mirror. There are some clothes on the
right. There is a chair between the table and the bed and another chair
near the door. There is no carpet on the floor and there are no curtains on
the window.
This is a typically impressionistic picture, because colour is the main
expressive element here. Thanks to colour perspective in combination
with linear perspective there is an impression of space. The colours are
bright. There are no shadows, the image is flat as in Japanese prints.
Thanks to such colour treatment there is an atmosphere of rest. The walls
are light-violet. The floor is of red squares. The bed and the chairs are
bright yellow like fresh butter. The bed-sheets and the pillows are lemongreen. The blanket is scarlet.
29
I. Basic course
The window is green. The table is orange. The basin on the table is
blue. There are no other things in the room. It is full of solid, square and
familiar objects. It is friendly and balanced in contrast to the instability
of the outside world. [8]
18. Look at the painting A Governess at a Merchant’s House
(App. 3, fig. 9) and answer the question.
1.
Who is the modest-looking girl facing the group of people?
2. Who is examining her?
3. What is the girl going to do with the papers she is holding in her hands?
4. What is she going to do in the merchant’s house?
5. What is she going to teach the merchant’s children?
Do you think they are going to learn good manners too?
6.
7.
Is the governess going to get a lot of money for her work?
8. Do you think she is going to be happy among these people?
19. Look at the painting The Unequal Marriage by Vasili Pukirev
(App. 3, fig. 10) and answer the question.
1. What scene does the painting portray?
2. Does the young girl want to marry the old man? Why doesn’t she like
him?
3. What does the girl’s face express?
4. Does the old man understand what the girl feels?
5. Whom does the girl love?
6. Why does she marry the old man?
7. When does the action of the picture take place?
What do you think of this picture?
8.
20. Study this information. Use the topical vocabulary.
USEFUL TIPS FOR DESCRIPTION OF PAINTINGS
Step 1. To begin with, you should define a particular genre the
painting belongs to. It can be:
•• a portrait,
•• a landscape (seascape, townscape),
•• a still life,
•• a genre scene,
30
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