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Файл:Английский для юристов основы перевода международных документов. Учебное пособие
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Министерство образования и науки Российской Федерации
Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное
учреждение высшего образования
«Тамбовский государственный технический университет»
Н. А. ГУНИНА, Л. Ю. КОРОЛЕВА
LEGAL ENGLISH: TRANSLATION
OF INTERNATIONAL DOCUMENTS
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ДЛЯ ЮРИСТОВ:
ОСНОВЫ ПЕРЕВОДА
МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫХ ДОКУМЕНТОВ
Утверждено Учёным советом университета
в качестве учебного пособия
для студентов, обучающихся по специальности
«Правовое обеспечение национальной безопасности» и
направлению «Юриспруденция»
Учебное электронное издание
Тамбов
Издательство ФГБОУ ВО «ТГТУ»
2018
1
УДК 811.111(075.8)
Ш13(Ан)-923я73
ББК
Г94
Доктор филологических наук, заведующая кафедрой
«Иностранные языки» ФГБОУ ВО «ТГТУ»
Доктор педагогических наук, профессор,
заведующий кафедрой лингвистики и
гуманитарно-педагогического образования
Педагогического института ФГБОУ ВО «ТГУ им. Г. Р. Державина»
Гунина, Н. А.
Г94 Английский для юристов: основы перевода международных
документов [Электронный ресурс] : учебное пособие / Н. А. Гунина,
Л. Ю. Королева. – Тамбов : Изд-во ФГБОУ ВО «ТГТУ», 2018. –
1 электрон. опт. диск (CD-ROM). – Системные требования : ПК не
ниже класса Pentium II ; CD-ROM-дисковод ;
ndows 95/98/XP ; мышь. – Загл. с экрана.
Wi
ISBN 978-5-8265-1852-6
Состоит из двух учебных блоков, включающих материалы по
международным документам и специфике их перевода. Задания каждого
блока построены по принципу коммуникативной направленности и
включают в себя повторение языкового материала, практику перевода,
творческие устные упражнения, высказывание идей для заключительной
устной беседы по теме. Целью пособия является формирование и
закрепление основных умений и навыков, необходимых для прохождения
итоговой аттестации по английскому языку в рамках дисциплины «Основы
и практика перевода международных документов».
Предназначено для студентов, обучающихся по специальности
«Правовое обеспечение национальной безопасности» и направлению
«Юриспруденция».
Все права на размножение и распространение в любой форме остаются за разработчиком.
ISBN 978-5-8265-1852-6
Нелегальное копирование и использование данного продукта запрещено.
Рецензенты:
М. Н. Макеева
О. Г. Поляков
20,4 Mb ;
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УДК 811.111(075.8)
Ш13(Ан)-923я73
© Федеральное государственное бюджетное
образовательное учреждение высшего образования
«Тамбовский государственный технический
университет» (ФГБОУ ВО «ТГТУ»), 2018
ББК
2
CONTENTS
ВВЕДЕНИЕ ............................................................................................... 4
MODULE 1. INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS ................................... 5
Unit 1. What is an international agreement? .............................................. 5
Unit 2. Origins of the International Law of Treaties .................................. 14
Unit 3. The Vienna Convention on the law of treaties ............................... 25
Unit 4.The structure of an international agreement .................................... 34
MODULE 2. TRANSLATION OF INTERNATIONAL DOCUMENTS 41
Unit 1. Legal Language ………………………………………………….. 41
Unit 2. Sources of difficulty in legal translation ………………………… 51
Unit 3. Legal Translational Equivalence: Possibility and Impossibility … 62
Unit 4. Legal Terminological Issues in Translation ……………………… 68
Заключение ................................................................................................ 78
Список использованных источников ...................................................... 79
3
ВВЕДЕНИЕ
Предлагаемое пособие «Английский для юристов: основы перевода
международных документов» адресовано студентам, изучающим английский язык в рамках программ «Основы и практика перевода международных документов», «Иностранный язык», и направлено на формирование
компетенции, предусмотренной ФГОС ВО, а именно, способности осуществлять перевод правовых документов и толковать их на одном из иностранных язы
Цель пособия: обучение практике перевода международных документов для успешного профессионального общения в межкультурном пространстве.
Пособие направлено на решение следующих задач: расширить профессиональный лексический запас обучающихся, обеспечить закрепление
и активизацию грамматического материала; развить умения и навыки
ознакомительного, просмотрового, поискового и аналитического чтения,
навыки перевода междунаро
ский и с русского языка на английский и умения анализировать и интерпретировать содержание международных документов.
Пособие включает два основных раздела:
– международные соглашения;
– основы перевода международных документов.
Каждый раздел состоит из четырёх частей и включает оптимальное
количество заданий на развитие у обучающихся та
тельности как чтение, говорение, письмо и навыков перевода международных документов.
Для каждой части разработана система заданий, которая предполагает
работу студентов с аутентичными текстами международных документов,
ответы студентов на ключевые вопросы по тексту, извлечение информации
из текста для обсуждения, сопоставление фактов и сведений, изучение
языкового материала, пр
ной беседы по теме.
Пособие рассчитано на совместную аудиторную и самостоятельную
работу студентов. Идея и разработка данного пособия принадлежит
Л. Ю. Королевой (Module I), Н. А. Гуниной (Module II).
ков, используя профессиональную терминологию.
дных документов с английского языка на рус-
ких видов речевой дея-
актику перевода, идеи для заключительной уст-
4
MODULE 1
INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS
Unit 1. What is an international agreement?
¾ STARTING UP
1. What is an international agreement?
2. Can you give any examples of such agreements?
3. Do you know types of international agreements?
¾ READING
A. Read the text and say if you were right answering the above given
questions.
An international agreement is an official document signed by a group of
countries that want to make new rules relating to different spheres of human
activity such as trade, the environment, law, politics etc.
An international agreement is an instrument by which states and other subjects of international law, such as certain international organizations, regulate
matters of concern to them. The agreements assume a variety of form and style,
but they are all governed by the law of treaties, which is part of customary international law.
A treaty, the typical instrument of international relations, is defined by the
1969 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties as an “agreement concluded
between States in written form and governed by international law, whether
embodied in a single instrument or in two or more related instruments and
whatever its particular designation. Contractual treaties are treaties by which
the parties agree to exchange pieces of territory or settle a dispute or claims–
that is, by which they deal with a particular kind of business. Lawmaking
treaties, which have grown tremendously in number and significance since
World War II, are instruments in which the parties formulate principles or
detailed rules for their future conduct.”
Some multilateral agreements set up an international organization for a
specific purpose or a variety of purposes. They may therefore be referred to as
constituent agreements. The United Nations Charter (1945) is both a
multilateral treaty and the constituent instrument of the United Nations. The
constitution of an international organization may be part of a wider multilateral
treaty. The Treaty of Versailles (1919), for example, contained in Part I the
Covenant of the League of Nations and in Part XIII the constitution of the
International Labour Organisation.
5
The term supranational is of recent origin and is used to describe the type
of treaty structure developed originally by six western European states: France,
Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg. The first treaty
was that of Paris, signed in 1951, establishing the European Coal and Steel
Community (ECSC); the second, the Rome treaty, signed in 1957, establishing
the European Economic Community (EEC); the third, the Rome treaty of the
same date establishing the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom).
A clause in the ECSC treaty provides for the complete independence of the
members of the executive organ from the governments that appoint them.
Treaties, however, are not the only instruments by which international
agreements are concluded. There are single instruments that lack the formality
of a treaty called agreed minute, memorandum of agreement, or modus vivendi;
there are formal single instruments called convention, agreement, protocol,
declaration, charter, covenant, pact, statute, final act, general act, and concordat
(the usual designation for accords with the Holy See); finally there are less
formal agreements consisting of two or more instruments, such as “exchange of
notes” or “exchange of letters.”
In the absence of an international legislature, the multilateral treaty is the
chosen instrument for adapting international law to changing circumstances
brought about by rapid technological developments and the ever-growing
interdependence of nations.
Despite the extreme diversity of international agreements, it is possible to
classify them according to the functions that they serve in international society.
Three such broad functions may be discerned; namely, the development and
codification of international law, the establishment of new levels of cooperation
and integration between states, and the resolution of actual and potential
international conflict.
The Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties contains a compromissory
clause (whereby participants agree to submit disputes to arbitration or the
International Court of Justice) for certain types of disputes and a procedure of
conciliation for others. The resistance of states to compulsory arbitration or
adjudication is indicative of their limited commitment to universal integration
through the rule of law. In this respect the European Economic Community is
an exception, providing as it does for the compulsory settlement of disputes
arising under the three constituent treaties by the Court of Justice, which is
open even to individuals. It may be noted that western Europe was the cradle of
nationalism and the doctrine of the sovereignty of states. Now it may have
become the cradle of supranational integration.
6
B. Answer the questions:
1. What is an international agreement from the point of view of international law?
2. How is a treaty defined by the 1969 Vienna Convention on the Law of
Treaties?
3. Can you give examples of multilateral treaties?
4. What is the interpretation of the term “supranational”?
5. Seven Asian states originally developed the structure of a supranational
treaty, didn’t they?
6. What did the Rome treaty establish?
7. What other instruments are used to conclude international agreements?
Which of them are more formal?
8. What can you say about the classification of international agreements?
¾ VOCABULARY
A. Match the words with their definitions:
1. an agreement a) the original draft of a diplomatic document, especially of the
terms of a treaty agreed to in conference and signed by the
parties
2. a treaty b) a formal agreement between individuals or parties in which
they promise to do something
3. a convention c) an official document stating some arrangement or decision
about what to do between groups, organizations, countries etc.
4. a protocol d) an official agreement or statement that makes rules for
something
5. a declaration e) a written law passed by a legislative body
6. a charter f) an official written agreement between two or more countries
7. a pact g) an agreement or treaty, especially one between the Vatican
and a secular government relating to matters of mutual interest
8. a memorandum h) an agreement between states covering particular matters,
especially one less formal than a treaty
9. a statute i) the act of making an official statement about something
10. a concordat j) a written summary of the details of a legal document
7
B. Fill in the gaps using the words from the table:
1. The ______ was passed as an emergency measure to deal with the strike.
2. The twenty six countries signed an ___________ to reduce air pollution.
3. They made a _______ never to use nuclear weapons.
4. Most European countries have signed up to the Geneva __________.
5. In this _______ it is stated that States recognize the need for reducing military confrontation and facilitating disarmament.
6. This document is a part of the preamble to the _________ on the nonproliferation of nuclear weapons.
7. The situation was modified by the _______ of Bologna which was personally
negotiated by Leo X.
8. At the same time, however, it was decided by a secret ______that the four
powers should first settle among themselves the distribution of the conquered
territories, and that France and Spain should only be consulted when their final
decision was
announced.
C. Match the words to make collocations:
1. to call a) between parties
2. under b) on the reduction of air pollution
3. to come c) for an agreement
4. an agreement d) statute
5. a treaty e) international agreements
6. by f) an agreement with the third party
7. to reach g) to an agreement
8. to be a party h) to the protocol
D. Use the collocations in the sentences making changes if necessary:
1. Russia and Great Britain had already protested against the occupation of
Holstein and now Beust, the Saxon minister, was proposing that the federal
diet, which had been no _____________, should formally recognize his claim.
2. It was rather surprising that after euphoria of the prior day’s success a reluctant __________.
8
g
3. They __________ according to which France received all its rights.
4. The government is required __________ to consult local authorities.
5. ___________ was signed in order to prevent the further environmental problems.
E. Guess what types of international agreements these extracts refer to:
The Kyoto Protocol, The Agreement between two governments,
The Convention on International
Information Security
1)
….........................................................................................................................
The parties included in Annex I shall, individually or jointly, ensure that their
2)
aggregate anthropogenic carbon dioxide equivallent emissions of greenhouse
ases listed in Annex A do not exceed their assigned amounts, calculated
pursuant to their quantified emission limitation and reduction committments
described in Annex B and in accordance with the provisions of this Article....
9
d
t
t
d
The aim of this …..... is to act against
the information and communication
technology to violate international peace an
3)
security, as well as to set up measures ensuring tha
the activity of governments in the information space
will:
1) further general social and economic development;
2) be carried out in such a way as to
be compatible with efforts to suppor
international peace and security;
3) correspond to generally accepted principles an
norms of international law
¾ LANGUAGE REVIEW
The use of articles with geographic names
Zero article Definite article
1. Names of continents: Europe,
Asia, Australia, South America.
When names of continents are
modified by attributes: northern,
southern, eastern, western, central,
minor, south-east, Latin: Northern
Europe, Latin America, South-East
Asia.
But: the Arctic, the Antarctic – regions,
meaning the sea and the land round the
North and South Poles.
10
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