Иностранный язык (английский язык) профессионально-ориентированная лексика. Учебное пособие

Control Panel as a single unit. This capability is … (provide) by a Container ID, which is a Globally Unique Identifier that is unique for every instance of a physical device. The Container ID can be … (embed) within the device itself by the manufacturer. Otherwise, it may be … (create) by Windows and … (associate) with each functional end-point, when it is … (connect) to the computer for the first time. In order to ensure the uniqueness of the generated Container ID, Windows attempts to use information unique to the device, such as a Media Access Control address (MAC address) or Universal Serial Bus (USB) serial number.

Exercise 5. Complete the sentences using one of the verbs in the Passive Voice from the box below:

simplify implement make group intend handle

The kernel … to manage communication between hardware and software components of a computer system.

The kernel merely corresponds to the lowest level of abstraction that … in software.

Several improvements and additions … to Windows 10 (and Server 2008 R2) kernel components.

The designing of all the software … due to the concept of abstraction layers. In Windows 10 the drivers and status information for multi-function de-

vices … together as a single “Device Container”.

In Microsoft Windows operating systems scheduling of threads inside a process … by the kernel.

ПРАКТИЧЕСКОЕ ЗАНЯТИЕ 10

Тема: Game engine

Цель занятия: развитие творческой активности, инициативы, креативности студентов.

Вопросы:

1.Сomponent-based architecture.

2.Rendering engine characteristics.

Теоретические материалы по теме:

The game engine is a software system designed for the creation and development of video games. There are many game engines running on video game consoles and desktop operating systems such as Microsoft Windows, Linux, and Mac OS X. The core functions typically provided by a game engine include those afforded by a rendering engine (“renderer”) for 2D or 3D graphics, by a physics engine (collision detection and collision response),

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furthermore, scripting, animation, artificial intelligence, memory management, scene graph and others.

The term ”game middleware” stands for game engines providing flexible and reusable software solutions that ensure all needed core functions. Such solutions allow the same game to be run on various platforms including game consoles and personal computers. Only few, if any, changes should be made to the game source code in these cases.

Often, game middleware has a component-based architecture that enables specific systems in the engine to be replaced or extended with more specialised (and often more expensive) components. Some game engines are even designed as a series of loosely connected middleware components that can be selectively combined to create a custom engine.

However extensibility is achieved, it remains a high priority in games engines due to the wide variety of uses for which they are applied. Despite the specificity of the name, game engines are often used for other kinds of interactive applications with real-time graphical requirements. The examples of such applications include marketing demos, architectural visualisations, training simulations, and modelling environments.

Some game engines only provide real-time 3D rendering capabilities The game developer is supposed to implement the rest of game engine functions using e.g. game middleware components. These types of engines are generally referred to as a “graphics engine,” “rendering engine,” or “3D engine” instead of the term “game engine.” This terminology is inconsistently used, however, because many full-featured 3D game engines are referred to simply as “3D engines”, too.

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Задания

Exercise 1. Put articles if necessary; if no article is necessary, put “x”.

The term “game middleware” stand for … game engines providing … flexible and reusable software solution that ensures all needed … core functions. Such … solution allows … same game to be run on … various platforms including … game consoles and … personal computers. Only few, if any, changes should be made to … game source code in these cases. Some game engines are even designed as … series of … loosely connected middleware components that can be selectively combined to create … custom engine. However … extensibility is achieved, it remains … high priority in … games engines due to … wide variety of … uses for which they are applied. Despite … specific name, … game engines are often used for other kinds of … interactive applications with … real-time graphical requirements. The examples of such … applications include … marketing demos, architectural visualizations, training simulations, and modelling environments.

ПРАКТИЧЕСКОЕ ЗАНЯТИЕ 11

Тема: Game engine id Tech 3

Цель занятия: совершенствование коммуникативных умений.

Вопросы:

1.Ordering of individually addressable sub-units.

2.Graphics accelerator characteristics.

Теоретические материалы по теме:

Id Tech 3 is a game engine developed by the company id Software for Quake III Arena (see more details in Online game playing). It has been used in many

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games under the Quake III and Quake III Arena. During that time, it competed with the Unreal engine; both engines were widely licensed.

Id Tech 3 is a substantial improvement from the previous Quake engine and id Tech 2. Although id Tech 3 was derived from the id Tech 2, a large portion of the code was new or rewritten. Unlike most other games released at the time, including its primary competitor Unreal Tournament, Quake III requires an OpenGL-compliant graphics accelerator (also named a graphics processing unit or GPU) to run. The game does not include a software renderer, which takes place entirely in the Central Processing Unit (CPU).

The graphical technology of the game is based tightly around a “shader” system, where the appearance of many surfaces can be defined in text files referred to as “shader scripts.” Quake III also introduced spline-based curved surfaces in addition to planar volumes, which are responsible for many of the surfaces present within the game. Quake III also provided support for models animated using vertex animation with attachment tags, allowing models to maintain separate torso and leg animations and hold weapons. Quake III is one of the first games, where the third-person model is able to look up and down and around as the head, torso and legs are separate. Other visual features include volumetric fog, mirrors, portals, decals, and wave-form vertex deformity.

For networking, id Tech 3 uses a “snapshot” system to relay information about game “frames” to the client over the User Datagram Protocol (UDP). The server attempts to omit as much information as possible about each frame, relaying only differences from the last frame the client confirmed as received.

Id Tech 3 uses a virtual machine to control object behavior on the server, effects and prediction on the client and the user interface. This opens up many advantages as mod authors do not need to worry about crashing the entire game with bad code. Moreover, clients could show more advanced effects and game menus than was possible in Quake II. Further, the user interface for mods was entirely customizable. Unless operations that require a specific endianness are used, a QVM file will run on any platform supported by Quake III.

endianness (ordering of individually порядок байтов – метод записи

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Задания

Exercise 1. Choose the right prefix from the list in brackets.

id Tech 3 is a substantial improvement from the •••ceding Quake engine and id Tech 2. (ante-, pre-, post-, retro-)

During that time, id Tech 3 competed with the •••real engine. (un-, im-, in-, il-, ir-, non-)

Although id Tech 3 was derived from the id Tech 2, a large portion of code was new or •••written. (re-, over-)

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•••like most other games released at the time Quake III requires an OpenGL-compliant graphics accelerator to run. (dis-, un-, im-, in-, il-, ir-, non-)

id Tech 3 uses a virtual machine to control object behavior on the server, effects and prediction on the client and the user •••face. (super-, trans-, inter-, ex-, extra-)

Other visual features include volumetric fog, mirrors, portals, decals, and wave-form vertex •••formity. (un-, im-, in-, il-, ir-, de-, non-)

less operations that require a specific endianness are used, a QVM file will run on any platform supported by Quake III. (dis-, un-, im-, in-, il-, ir-, non-)

Exercise 2. Write down words with opposite meaning by using prefixes in brackets.

1)prove….(un, im, de);

2)kind…….(in, im, un);

3)mature….(un, im, in);

4)visible….(un, in, de);

5)proper……(im, in, un);

ПРАКТИЧЕСКОЕ ЗАНЯТИЕ 12

Тема: Variability and intermittency of wind energy

Цель занятия: развитие иноязычных исследовательских умений.

Вопросы:

1.Grid system characteristics.

2.High Voltage Direct Current.

Теоретические материалы по теме:

Electricity generated from wind power is highly variable at several time scales: from hour to hour, daily, and seasonally. Annual variations also exist, but it is not so significant. Like other electricity sources, wind energy must be “scheduled”. Wind power forecasting methods are used, but predictability of a wind plant output remains low for short-term operations.

Since instantaneous electrical generation and consumption must remain in balance to maintain grid stability, this variability causes substantial difficulties when incorporating large amounts of wind power (large penetration) into a grid system. The higher level of wind energy penetration the greater problems arise to incorporate wind power into a grid system.

The wind energy penetration refers to the part of electricity produced by wind compared with the total available generation capacity. There is no

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generally accepted “maximum” level of wind penetration. The limit for a particular grid depends on the existing generating plants, pricing mechanisms, capacity for storage or demand management, and other factors. Studies have indicated that 20 % of the total electricity consumption may be incorporated with tolerable difficulty. These studies have been worked out for locations with geographically dispersed wind farms or hydropower with storage capacity, demand management, and interconnection to a large grid area export of electricity when needed. Beyond this level, there are few technical limits, but the economic implications become more significant. At present (as of 2010), a few grid systems have penetration of wind energy around 10 % or above: Denmark (21 %), Spain (16 %), Portugal (18 %), Germany (9 %) and the Republic of Ireland (14 %).[3]

Intermittency and the non-dispatchable nature of wind energy production can raise costs for regulation, incremental operating reserve, and require an increase in the already existing energy demand management, load shedding, or storage solutions or system interconnection with high voltage direct current (HVDC) cables. Transmission networks must already cope with outages of generation plant and daily changes in electrical demand. Systems with large wind capacity components may need more spinning reserve (plants operating at less than full load).

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Задания

Exercise 1. Make sentences putting the given words into a correct order.

1.load – By – electricity – stopped – power – we mean – shedding – outage – delivery is – electrical – where – an –.

2.of – is the – management – demand – energy – modification – consumer – demand – for – Energy –.

3.voltage – by the – national – networks – electric – transmission – UK – the high – In the – is meant – grid –.

4.technology – for – High – voltage – direct – than – greater – transfer – electricity – refers to – current – 600 km –.

5.is taken to be – load – plants – Spinning – full – at less – than – reserve – operating –.

Exercise 2. Make questions to the sentences below.

1.By load shedding we mean an electrical power outage where electricity delivery is stopped.

2.Energy demand management is the modification of consumer demand for energy.

3.In the UK the national grid denotes the high voltage electric transmission networks.

4.High-voltage direct-current technology refers to electricity transfer for very long distances, typically greater than 600 km.

5.Spinning reserve is taken to be plants operating at less than full load.

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ПРАКТИЧЕСКОЕ ЗАНЯТИЕ 13

Тема: A Letter of Application

Цель занятия: формирование умений написания письма о приеме на работу.

Вопросы:

1.Writing Guidelines for job application letters.

2.Tips for writing application letters.

Теоретические материалы по теме и задания:

Exercise 1. Answer the following questions.

• Have you ever written a cover letter? • Was it in Russian or in English?

• What do you think is the main goal of an employer and an employee?

Exercise 2. Read the information about a letter of application.

Definition: A letter of application, also known as a cover letter, is a document sent with your resume to provide additional information on your skills and experience.

A letter of application typically provides detailed information on why you are qualified for the job you are applying for. Effective application letters explain the reasons for your interest in the specific organization and identify your most relevant skills or experiences.

Your application letter should let the employer know what position you are applying for, why the employer should select you for an interview, and how you will follow-up.

When writing an application letter you should include:

First Paragraph: Why you are writing – mention the job you are applying for and where you found the listing.

Middle Paragraph(s): What you have to offer the employer – mention why your skills and experience are a good fit for the job.

Last Paragraph: Say thank you to the hiring manager for considering you and note how you will follow up.

Exercise 3. Read two letters of application. Application Letter 1

THE HUMAN RESOURCES & ADMINISTRATION HEAD

Inara Lightings, Ltd. Edinburgh\

Dear Sir or Madam:

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I am writing to explore the possibility of employment as Document Controller in your reputable firm. I am a Computer Science graduate of the University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City. I bring with me several years of experience as information systems analyst of leading companies that include Nissan Motor Philippines, Inc.

My strong computer skills, knowledge of modern word processing software, and project management tools are but some of the things that make me an asset to your company.

Attached is my resume for your perusal. Should you require any further information, I can be reached at 632-555-1234 (during regular business hours), or at 632-555-6789 (during regular business hours).

Sincerely,

(signed) James Willes

Application Letter 2

January 2019

Ms. Britney Brooks

Administrative Officer

The Royal British Embassy in Amsterdam

Dear Ms. Brooks: Greetings!

I am a Communications graduate of the University of the Service and Economics with several years of working experience gained from some of the Philippines’ reputable private firms, a non-governmental organization, and government.

I am writing to apply for the position of Executive Assistant advertised on jobstreet.com.ph on 19 January 2019. This position particularly interests me because it would enable me to make full use of my administrative and organizational skills. I have well-developed written and oral communication skills that can be very useful in carrying out the duties for the above-mentioned position.

On top of these competencies, I adhere to the work ethic and can effectively interact with people across all levels of the organizational structure. I believe I can be an asset to your organization.

My resume is enclosed with this cover letter. It shows my overall expertise and experience in the field. I would welcome the opportunity to discuss my

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