Английский язык «Bridge to Confidence». Учебное пособие для студентов всех специальностей

5.______ you speak more slowly, please?

6.______ I have a glass of water?

7.______ you tell me where the station is?

8.______ students use dictionaries during the test?

9.______ you mind closing the window?

10.______ I borrow your pen for a moment?

Exercise 3.2. Rephrase direct requests into polite ones using modal verbs.

1.Give me that book. → ______

2.Let me use your computer. → ______

3.Tell me the time. → ______

4.Open the door. → ______

5.Lend me some money. → ______

6.Help me with my homework. → ______

7.Repeat that. → ______

8.Show me your passport. → ______

9.Wait for me. → ______

10.Give us the menu. → ______

Exercise 3.3. Give appropriate answers to these requests.

1."Could I use your pen?" → "Yes, ______"

2."Would you mind helping me?" → "No, ______"

3."May I leave early today?" → "I'm sorry, ______"

4."Can I open the window?" → "Of course ______"

5."Could you give me a lift?" → "I'm afraid ______"

6."Would you pass me the sugar?" → "Certainly, ______"

7."May I ask a question?" → "Yes, ______"

8."Could you wait a moment?" → "Sure, ______"

9."Can I try this on?" → "Yes, ______"

10."Would you mind speaking quietly?" → "Not at all, ______"

Exercise 3.4. Find and correct the mistakes. Each sentence has one mistake.

1.Can I to use your phone?

2.Would you helping me?

3.May you open the door?

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4.Could I have a coffee?

5.Can I borrowing your dictionary?

6.Would you mind to wait?

7.May I ask you something?

8.Could you to repeat that?

9.Can I have a water?

10.Would you like some tea?

Exercise 3.5. What would you say in these situations? Use modal verbs.

1.You need to ask a stranger for directions.

2.You want to use your friend's laptop.

3.You're in a cafe and want to order.

4.You need your teacher to repeat the instructions.

5.You want to borrow a book from the library.

6.You're asking permission to leave the classroom.

7.You want someone to take a photo of you.

8.You're asking if you can pay by credit card.

9.You need help carrying heavy bags.

10.You want to make sure it's okay to smoke here.

4.Speaking.

4.1.With a partner, ask and answer the questions

1.What is one interesting custom in the UK or the USA that you know about?

2.Why do you think tipping is so important in the United States?

3.How are greetings different in English-speaking countries compared to our country?

4.What should you never do when visiting someone's house in the UK or Australia?

5.Why is queueing considered so important in Britain?

6.What holidays in English-speaking countries would you like to celebrate? Why?

7.How is the concept of personal space different in English-speaking cultures?

8.What dining customs in English-speaking countries seem unusual to you?

9.Why do you think punctuality is valued in countries like the USA and UK?

10.If you hosted a visitor from an English-speaking country, what Russian custom would you show them?

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5. Writing.

5.1. Write an essay on the topic « Laws and Customs of the English-Speaking World»

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UNIT IX Going Shopping and Shopping Online

1.Reading

1.1.Read the following text and translate it into Russian

Going Shopping vs Shopping Online: A Modern Choice

For many people, shopping is a necessary part of life. We need to buy food, clothes, and things for our home. But how we shop is changing. Today, we have two main options: going to a physical store or shopping online. Both ways have their good and bad points.

Part 1: The Traditional Way – Going to a Store

Going shopping usually means going to a shopping mall, a department store, a supermarket, or a small local shop. This is the traditional way to buy things.

Advantages of Going to a Store:

You can see and touch the products: This is the biggest advantage. If you want to buy a new sweater, you can try it on in the fitting room. You can feel the fabric, see the real colour, and check the size. You can make sure the quality is good.

You get it immediately: When you buy something in a store, you can take it home with you right away. You don’t have to wait. This is called instant gratification. If you need a gift for a birthday party today, you can go to a store and buy it now.

It’s a social activity: For many people, going shopping is a fun activity to do with friends or family. You can spend time together, have a coffee, and ask your friend for their opinion – “Do these shoes look good on me?”.

No shipping costs: You don’t need to pay for delivery or shipping. The price you see is the price you pay.

Disadvantages of Going to a Store:

It takes time and effort: You have to leave your house, drive or take a bus, find a parking spot, and walk around the store. This can take a lot of time and energy.

Stores Have Limited Hours: Stores are not open 24 hours a day. They close in the evening and on holidays. You can only shop when the store is open.

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Limited Selection: A physical store has a limited amount of stock. Maybe your size is sold out. Maybe the store doesn’t have the colour you want.

Crowds and Queues: Sometimes stores are very crowded, especially on weekends or before holidays. You might have to wait in a long queue at the checkout to pay for your items.

Advantages of Shopping Online:

Convenience: This is the biggest advantage. You can shop 24/7 – anytime, day or night. You can do it from your sofa at home, on the bus, or during your lunch break. It is very easy and comfortable.

A Huge Selection: Online stores have an enormous selection of prod-

read reviews and ratings from other customers. This helps you understand if the product is good quality and if the size is right.

It’s Easy to Find a Bargain: There are often online discounts, sales, and promo codes that you can use to save money. Many websites offer free shipping if you spend a certain amount of money.

Disadvantages of Shopping Online:

You Can’t Try Before You Buy: You can’t try on clothes or touch the product. Sometimes the colour looks different on your computer screen. The size might be wrong. This can lead to disappointment.

You Have to Wait for Delivery: You don’t get the product immediately. You have to wait for it to be delivered. This can take a few days or even weeks. Sometimes deliveries are delayed.

Shipping Costs: Sometimes you have to pay extra for shipping and handling. If you want fast delivery, it can be very expensive.

The Risk of Returns: If you don’t like the product or it doesn’t fit, you have to return it. This can be complicated. You need to pack the item, print a return label, and go to the post office. Some companies have a restocking fee (they take some money from your refund).

Security Risks: You need to be careful with your personal information and credit card details online. There is a small risk of fraud or identity theft.

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Part 3: Which One is Better?

So, which is better: going shopping or shopping online?

The answer depends on what you are buying and your personal preference.

For things like food, or when you need something immediately, going to a store is better.

For clothes and shoes, many people prefer to go to a store to try them

They browse products online to research and compare prices, and then they go to the store to buy it. Or they see something in a store and then order it online for a better price.

In conclusion, both ways of shopping have their place in our modern world. Online shopping is more convenient and has a bigger selection. Traditional shopping gives you a chance to see the product and take it home immediately. The choice is yours!

Active Vocabulary List

advantage - преимущество

be delayed - быть задержанным brand - бренд, марка

browse - просматривать (в интернете) checkout - касса (в магазине)

close - закрываться

compare prices - сравнивать цены convenience - удобство

credit card details - данные кредитной карты crowded - переполненный, многолюдный customer - покупатель, клиент

deal - выгодная покупка, сделка delivery / shipping - доставка department store универмаг disadvantage - недостаток disappointment - разочарование discount / sale - скидка / Распродажа

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enormous selection - огромный выбор fabric - ткань

find a parking spot - найти место для парковки fitting room - примерочная

fraud / identity theft - мошенничество / кража личных данных free shipping - бесплатная доставка

go shopping - ходить по магазинам

instant gratification - мгновенное удовлетворение leave the house - выходить из дома

limited selection - ограниченный выбор local shop - местный магазин

mixture - смесь

online retailer / store - интернет-магазин opinion - мнение

order - заказывать

personal information - личная информация personal preference - личное предпочтение physical store - физический магазин (не онлайн) promo code - промокод

quality - качество queue / line -очередь refund - возврат денег

research - исследовать, изучать restocking fee - плата за возврат товара return an item - вернуть товар

return label - ярлык для возврата review / rating - отзыв / оценка save money - экономить деньги seller - продавец

shop online - покупать онлайн shopping mall - торговый центр size - размер

sold out - распродано

stock - товарный запас, ассортимент supermarket - супермаркет

take it home - забрать домой (сразу) try on - примерять

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1.2. Read the text again and say which facts in the sentences (1-10) are true, false or not stated.

1. The only reason people go to physical stores is because they need to buy food. 2. In a physical store, you can try on clothes before you buy them. 3. When you buy something in a store, you always have to pay extra for delivery.

4.One disadvantage of physical stores is that they are closed at night.

5.Shopping online is possible only from a computer; you cannot use a phone.

6.The biggest advantage of online shopping is that you can read reviews from other customers

7.Sometimes you can get free shipping if you spend enough money online.

8.If you buy shoes online and they don't fit, you can never return them.

9.The text recommends always shopping online for clothes and shoes.

10.Many people use both online and offline shopping methods.

2. Dialogues

Shopping for Clothes

Anna: I need to buy a new dress for the party. Should we go to the mall? Mark: Why don't we check online first? We can compare prices and see what's on sale.

Anna: But I want to try on the dress. Sometimes sizes are different online. Mark: That's true. But many online stores have free returns now.

Anna: I prefer going to a real store. I like seeing the clothes and trying them on immediately.

Mark: Okay, let's go to the mall. But I hate waiting in long queues at the checkout!

Anna: Me too! Maybe we can go on weekday when it's less crowded.

Exercise 2.1. Answer the questions

1.What does Anna need to buy?

2.Why does Mark suggest shopping online?

3.What is Anna's main concern about online shopping?

4.When do they decide to go to the mall?

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Exercise 2.2. True or false?

1.Anna wants to buy shoes for a party.

2.Mark thinks online prices are higher.

3.Anna doesn't like trying on clothes.

4.They both dislike long queues.

Electronics Purchase

Tom: I want to buy a new laptop. Should I order it online or go to an electronics store?

Sarah: Online might be cheaper. But in the store you can see the laptop and ask questions.

Tom: That's what I'm thinking. I also worry about delivery time if I order online.

Sarah: And what if there's a problem? Returning electronics can be complicated online.

Tom: True. Maybe I'll check reviews online first, then visit the store. Sarah: Good idea! You can see the laptop in person but make an informed decision.

Exercise 2.3. Fill in the blanks

1.Tom wants to buy a new ______.

2.Online prices might be ______.

3.In the store you can ______ the laptop.

4.Sarah suggests checking ______ online first.

Exercise 2.4. Answer the questions

1.What are two advantages of buying in a store?

2.What is Tom's concern about online delivery?

3.What is the problem with returning electronics online?

4.What is their final decision?

Grocery Shopping

Lisa: I'm so tired after work. I need to buy food for dinner.

Paul: Why don't you order groceries online? They deliver to your home.

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Lisa: But I like choosing fresh vegetables and fruits myself.

Paul: I understand. But it's so convenient! You can order everything in 5 minutes.

Lisa: What about the delivery cost? And I need the food now, not in 2 hours! Paul: Many stores offer free delivery for large orders. But yes, if you need food immediately...

Lisa: I'll go to the supermarket. Maybe I'll try online shopping next weekend.

Exercise 2.5. True or false?

1.Lisa is tired after work.

2.Paul suggests going to the cinema.

3.Lisa doesn't trust online grocery selection.

4.Delivery is always free.

Exercise 2.6. Find the following words in the dialogue

1.покупать продукты - ______

2.удобный - ______

3.свежие овощи - ______

4.стоимость доставки - ______

3. Grammar and Vocabulary Exercise 3.1. Choose Past Simple or Past Perfect.

1.When I arrived at the station, the train (had already left / already left).

2.Suddenly she remembered that she (had forgotten / forgot) her keys at home.

3.He was tired because he (hadn't slept / didn't sleep) well the night before.

4.As soon as they (had finished / finished) dinner, they washed the dishes.

5.Eventually we found the book that we (had lost / lost) a week before.

6.She couldn't get in because she (had lost / lost) her key.

7.In the end they admitted that they (had made / made) a mistake.

8.When I called her, she (had already heard / already heard) the news.

9.Suddenly he realized that he (had seen / saw) that man somewhere before.

10.As soon as he (had graduated / graduated) from university, he found a good job.

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