Английский язык «Bridge to Confidence». Учебное пособие для студентов всех специальностей

friendly / helpful - дружелюбный / полезный fumes - выхлопные газы

garden / open space - сад / открытое пространство get around - передвигаться

green space / park - зеленое пространство / парк infrequent - нерегулярный, редкий

isolation - изоляция lifestyle - образ жизни limited - ограниченный

museum / art gallery / theatre - музей / художественная галерея / театр nature - природа

noise - шум

noisy / peaceful - шумный / спокойный opportunity - возможность

personality - личность

polluted / clean - загрязненный / чистый pollution - загрязнение

prefer - предпочитать

public transport - общественный транспорт relax - расслабляться

rent - арендная плата skyscraper - небоскреб

stress / anxiety - стресс / тревога

stressful / relaxing - напряженный / расслабляющий travel - путешествовать

1.2. Read the text again and say which facts in the sentences (1-10) are true, false or not stated

1.The text says that everyone should prefer city life.

2.Cities have good public transport systems.

3.Rent for an apartment is cheaper in the city than in the countryside.

4.The countryside has a lot of noise from traffic.

5.People in the countryside often know their neighbours.

6.There are more job opportunities in the countryside than in the city.

7.The text states that all young people find country life boring.

8.The air quality is better in the countryside.

9.The author believes that city life is definitely better than country life.

10.Some people choose to live in a small town near a big city.

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2. Dialogues

The Visit

Anna: I'm so excited to visit you in the countryside this weekend, Mark! Mark: Great! It will be very different from the city. It's so quiet and peaceful here.

Anna: That sounds wonderful. The city is so noisy with traffic all the time. But what do you do for fun here? There are no cinemas or big shopping malls. Mark: Well, we go for long walks in the fields, we have barbecues, and we visit our neighbours. Life is slower. But I have a question for you: isn't the city very expensive?

Anna: Yes, it is. My apartment is very small and the rent is high. But everything is convenient. Shops, cafes, hospitals are all very close.

Mark: I think I prefer the fresh air and open spaces. You'll see!

Exercise 2.1. Answer the questions

1.Where does Mark live?

2.What are two problems Anna mentions about the city?

3.What are two activities people do for fun in the countryside, according to Mark?

4.What is one advantage of the city that Anna mentions?

Exercise 2.2. Complete the sentences with the words from the dialogue

1.The countryside is quiet and ________.

2.The city is noisy because of the ________.

3.In the city, everything is ________. Shops are very close.

4.In the countryside, you can enjoy fresh air and open ________.

A Difficult Decision

Tom: Hi Sarah. You look worried.

Sarah: Hi Tom. Yes, I have a job offer in London. It's a very good job, but I'm not sure.

Tom: Why not? London is an exciting city! There are so many opportunities. Sarah: I know, but it's so big and crowded. I grew up in a small village. I'm afraid I will feel lonely. Here, I know everyone.

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Tom: That's true. But the public transport in London is excellent. You don't need a car. And there are always new people to meet.

Sarah: But the cost of living is so high. I think I can save more money if I stay here. It's a difficult decision.

Exercise 2.3. True or false?

1.Sarah has a job offer in a small village.

2.Tom thinks London is boring.

3.Sarah is from a big city.

4.Public transport in London is good.

5.Life in London is cheaper than in her village.

Exercise 2.4. Choose the right answer

1.Sarah is worried because the city is too...

a) quiet

b) crowded c) cheap

2.In her village, Sarah...

a)knows nobody

b)knows everyone

c)has a big job offer

3. Tom says you don't need a ... in London.

a)computer

b)car

c)phone

Where to Raise a Family?

Lisa: Hey Paul, do you want to live in the city or the countryside when you have children?

Paul: That's an interesting question. I think the countryside is better for children. It's safer and they have more space to play outside.

Lisa: I'm not sure. I think the city is better. There are better schools and more activities for children, like music classes and sports clubs.

Paul: But the air is cleaner in the countryside. It's healthier. And there is a stronger sense of community. People help each other.

Lisa: Yes, but in the city there are more job opportunities for us, the parents. Maybe a small town near the city is a good compromise?

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Paul: That's a great idea! You get the peace of the countryside and you can easily travel to the city.

Exercise 2.5. Complete the chart

Exercise 2.6. Find English equivalents of the following words and expressions in the dialogue.

1.воспитывать детей -

2.чувство общности -

3.возможности для работы -

4.хороший компромисс –

3.Grammar and Vocabulary

Exercise 3.1. Write words with a comparative adjective

1.busy - _______________

2.noisy - _______________

3.clean - _______________

4.fresh - _______________

5.tall - _______________

6.slow - _______________

7.large - _______________

8.safe - _______________

9.friendly - _______________

10.simple - _______________

Exercise 3.2. Write words with a comparative adjective using more.

1.exciting - _______________

2.peaceful - _______________

3.crowded - _______________

4.relaxing - _______________

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5.stressful - _______________

6.efficient - _______________

7.modern - _______________

8.important - _______________

9.beautiful - _______________

10.expensive - _______________

Exercise 3.3. Write words with a superlative

1.busy - _______________

2.noisy - _______________

3.clean - _______________

4.fresh - _______________

5.tall - _______________

6.large - _______________

7.safe - _______________

8.friendly - _______________

9.small - _______________

10.simple - _______________

Exercise 3.4. Write words with a superlative using most.

1.exciting - _______________

2.peaceful - _______________

3.crowded - _______________

4.relaxing - _______________

5.stressful - _______________

6.efficient - _______________

7.modern - _______________

8.important - _______________

9.beautiful - _______________

10.expensive - _______________

Exercise 3.5. Complete the sentences with a comparative or superlative.

1.The city is _________________ (noisy) the countryside.

2.The air in the countryside is _________________ (clean) in the city.

3.Life in the city is _________________ (fast) life in the country.

4.Public transport in the city is _________________ (reliable) in the countryside.

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5.The countryside is _________________ (peaceful) the city.

6.Flats in the city are _________________ (expensive) houses in the country.

7.Some people think cities are _________________ (interesting) villages.

8.This is _________________ (big) park in the city.

9.That was _________________ (bad) traffic jam I have ever seen!

10.Monday is _________________ (hectic) day of the week for me.

4.Speaking

4.1. With a partner, ask and answer the questions

1.Where would you prefer to live: in a big city or in the countryside? Why?

2.What do you think is the biggest advantage of city life?

3.How is the air quality different in cities and the countryside?

4.What are some fun activities you can do in the countryside that are difficult to do in a city?

5.Why is public transport often better in cities?

6.How do people in villages usually know each other, while in cities they often don’t?

7.What kind of jobs are more common in the countryside?

8.Why can life in the countryside sometimes be boring for young people?

9.What are the costs of living like in cities compared to the countryside?

10.If you could choose, would you rather raise children in a city or the countryside? Why?

5. Writing.

5.1.Write an essay on the topic «City Life vs Country Life: Two Different Worlds»

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UNIT V My Future Plans and Career

1.Reading

1.1.Read the following text and translate it into Russian

My Future Plans and Career: A First-Year Student's Perspective

Hello! My name is Alex, and I am an eighteen-year-old first-year student at the university. I am studying Computer Science. Like many students, I often think about my future. What will I do after university? What kind of job will I have? Today, I want to share my plans, dreams, and some predictions about my future career.

Part 1: My Plans for University

My main goal right now is to focus on my studies. I want to get good grades and learn as much as possible. University is very different from school. We have more freedom, but we also have more responsibility. I need to be organized and hard-working.

I am also planning to join some student clubs. There is a Programming Club and a Robotics Club at my university. I think these clubs will help me gain practical experience and meet new people with the same interests. Making connections is important for my future career.

Another plan is to improve my English. English is very important in the world of technology. Most computer programs and technical documentation are in English. I want to read books and watch movies in English without subtitles. I hope that in two years, my English will be much better.

Part 2: My Summer Plans

Next summer, I am not going to just relax. I have big plans! I am going to look for an internship. An internship is a short-term job for students. It helps you get real-world experience. Many companies offer summer internships for students.

I am going to prepare my CV (Curriculum Vitae) and a cover letter this spring. I will apply to several IT companies in my city. I hope I will get an internship as a junior programmer or a tester. It might be difficult, but I will try my best.

This experience will be very valuable. I will learn new skills, understand how a real company works, and add this experience to my CV. It will help me find a good job after university.

Part 3: My Career Goals and Predictions

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After I graduate from university, I will start my career. I have several career goals.

My dream is to work for a large international company like Google, Microsoft, or Apple. These companies work on interesting projects and have offices all over the world. I think it will be exciting to work there. However, I know it is very competitive. I will need excellent skills and experience.

Another option is to work for a smaller start-up company. Start-ups are new, small companies. They are often more flexible and creative. You can learn a lot very quickly there. Maybe I will join a start-up with my friends from university.

I also have a prediction about the future of work. I think that remote work will become very common. Many people will work from home or from anywhere in the world. This is good because it gives you more freedom. I hope that I will have the opportunity to work remotely sometimes.

In five years, I see myself as a software developer with a good salary. I will live in a nice apartment in the city. I will be more confident and experienced. I might even lead a small team of programmers.

Part 4: Long-Term Dreams

My long-term plans are about more than just a job. I want to have a good work-life balance. This means I want to have time for my hobbies, my family, and my friends. I don't want to work 24 hours a day.

I am going to learn new things all my life. Technology changes very quickly. To be a good specialist, I will need to continue learning even after university. I am going to take online courses and attend professional conferences.

Another dream is to travel for work. Maybe my company will send me to another country for a project. Or maybe I will work for a company in another country for a few years. I think it is a great way to experience new cultures and improve my language skills.

I am optimistic about my future. I know that it will not be easy. I will face many challenges and competition. But I am motivated and ready to work hard. I will set clear goals and try to achieve them step by step.

University is just the beginning of my journey. I am excited to see what the future holds for me!

Active Vocabulary List

achieve a goal - достигать цели apply to - подавать заявку в

attend a conference - посещать конференцию

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be going to - собираться (сделать что-либо) career - карьера

challenge - вызов company - компания competition - конкуренция

competitive - конкурентный confident - уверенный connection - связь, знакомство

continue learning - продолжать учиться cover letter - сопроводительное письмо creative - творческий

CV (Curriculum Vitae) - резюме dream - мечта

exciting - захватывающий experience - опыт experienced - опытный

first-year student - студент первого курса flexible - гибкий

focus on - сосредоточиться на freedom - свобода

future - будущее

gain experience - получить опыт

get good grades - получать хорошие оценки goal - цель

grades - оценки

graduate - окончить университет hard-working - трудолюбивый improve - улучшать

international - международный internship - стажировка

job / work - работа

lead a team - руководить командой look for - искать

meet new people - знакомиться с новыми людьми motivated - мотивированный

optimistic - оптимистичный organized - организованный plan - план

plan to - планировать practical - практический

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prediction - прогноз remote - удаленный

responsibility - ответственность salary - зарплата

set a goal - ставить цель skill - навык

software developer - разработчик программного обеспечения student club - студенческий клуб

studies - учёба team - команда valuable - ценный

work for - работать на (компанию)

work-life balance - баланс между работой и личной жизнью

1.2. Read the text again and say which facts in the sentences (1-10) are true, false or not stated

1.Alex is a second-year student at the university.

2.His main goal now is to focus on his studies and get good grades.

3.He is planning to join a sports club at the university.

4.Alex believes that making connections is not important for his future career.

5.He is going to look for an internship next summer.

6.Alex's dream is to work for a large international company.

7.The text states that working for a start-up company is always boring.

8.Alex predicts that remote work will become less common in the future.

9.He wants to have a good work-life balance.

10.Alex is pessimistic about his future.

2. Dialogues

After Graduation

Anna: What are you going to do after we graduate, Mark?

Mark: I'm going to look for a job in IT. I want to be a programmer. Anna: That's a good plan. Are you going to stay in our city?

Mark: I'm not sure. I might move to Moscow. There are more opportunities there. What about you?

Anna: I'm going to take a break first. I want to travel for a few months. Then I'll start looking for work.

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