Taking Сomputer for Granted. Учебное пособие

Keys to exercises

8

1 succeed; 2 early; 3 wrong (left); 4 simple; 5 negative; 6 similar; 7 scientifically; 8 stand up; 9 unlucky; 10 forget; 11 save; 12 find (win); 13 sell; 14 give; 15 doubt; 16 lock; 17 prohibit; 18 lie.

9

1 correct; 2 incorrect; 3 fortunate; 4 to alter; 5 queue; 6 journey; 7 cost; 8 to waste; 9 general, public; 10 to say, to recount; 11 to occur; 12 to purchase; 13 plan; 14 to return.

10

Example: a computer – buy, upgrade, work, present, sell, etc.

11

1 the, the; 2 the, a, – ; 3 a, – ; 4 – ,the, the; 5 a, the, a, the, the; 6 – , – , the; 7 – , a, a; 8 a, a, a; 9 a, a, a, the; 10 a, the; 11 a, – , – , – , a, a, the, – ; 12 the; 13 a, the, a; 14 an; 15 the, the, – , – , – ; 16 an, the, the.

Fairly, rather

(внекоторыхслучаяхвозможныальтернативныеварианты) 1 fairly, rather; 2 fairly, rather; 3 rather; 4 rather; 5 rather; 6 rather; 7 fairly; 8 fairly, rather; 9 fairly; 10 fairly; 11 fairly;

12 rather; 13 rather; 14 rather.

Vocabulary training

1. Match the words with their definitions:

1-21; 2-13; 3-19; 4-20; 5-18; 6-17; 7-8; 8-15; 9-10; 10-5; 11-12; 12-4; 13-2; 14-7; 15-3; 16-1; 17-11; 18-9; 19-14; 20-6; 21-1.

3.Reading comprehension

1; 3; 2; 5; 4.

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Taking Computer for Granted

UNIT 2

4

1 of; 2 in, at; 3 for; 4 by; 5 on, into; 6 out; 7 to; 8 off; 9 on; 10 to; 11 by; 12 at; 13 into, with; 14 from; 15 of, in, with; 16 without, for; 17 with, out of; 18 up; 19 about.

5

1.Mainframe can service several hundred users.

2.Software includes a collection of programs.

3.Scanners are used for copying texts and pictures.

4.A computer can’t be without CPU and computer memory.

5.A byte usually contains eight bits.

6.Several peripheral devices can be attached to a computer.

7.Volatile memory stores data while the computer is switched on.

6

Software (1); processing (5); gweeps (7);scanner (3); pixel (4); hardware (2);bug (6).

8

1 simple; 2 negative; 3 manage; 4 destroy; 5 expensive; 6 go forward; 7 common; 8 disconnect; 9 impossible; 10 small; 11 changing (quickly); 12 internal memory; 13 inflexible, rigid; 14 loose; 15 informal; 16 native.

9

1 turn on; 2 direct; 3 carry out; 4 provide for; 5 aim; 6 regulate; 7 join; 8 do; 9 invent; 10 include; 11 situate; 12 revolve.

10

1 bug-free; 2 antidote; 3 artware; 4 DDT; 5 hacker, box; 6 gweeps.

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Keys to exercises

11

1 – ; 2 the, a, the; 3 the, the – ; 4 a , – , the; 5 – , the, a; 6 the, – , the, the; 7 – , the, a; 8 – , the; 9 a; 10 the; 11 a, the, – , the; 12 a, the.

Vocabulary training

1. Identification of words

1-24; 2-17; 3-15; 4-9; 5-25; 6-4; 7-20; 8-14; 9-3; 10-5; 11-9;, 12-13; 13-18; 14-8; 15-23; 16-22; 17-7; 18-12; 19-10; 20-2; 21-1; 22-6; 23-11; 24-16; 25-21.

3.Reading comprehension

1; 3; 5; 4; 2.

4.Computer terms in use

1-4; 2-14; 3-7; 4-8; 5-3; 6-1; 7-5; 8-9; 9-2; 10-11; 11-10; 12-13; 13-12; 14-6.

UNIT 3

4

1 about; 2 in; 3 in; 4 into; 5 by, over, in; 6 at, in, in; 7 to, of, in; 8 out; 9 in, by, in; 10 in, of; 11 over, for, of; 12 through, of, in; 13 in; 14 during.

5

1.The first multy-purpose computing device was never completed.

2.The mashine was more of an electronic calculator.

3.Nobody knows who deserves the credit for this idea.

4.The instructions are stored in the same medium as data.

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Taking Computer for Granted

5.The second generation saw the first supercomputers.

6.The memory was large enough to hold the instructions and data.

7.The first electronic machines were useful in applied science.

8.The firs programs were written out in the machine code.

9.In the beginning software technology was very primitive.

10.Programs known as assemblers performed the translation task.

6

Computing (1); calculator (1); computers (2); technology (3); contribution (4); magnitude (5); medium (6); slow (7).

8

1 following; 2 analogous; 3 subtraction; 4 division; 5 degradation; 6 narrow; 7 be incapable; 8 unreliable; 9 unfinished; 10 lose; 11 close; 12 begin; 13 the last; 14 slower; 15 small; 16 old; 17 be unable; 18 powerless.

9

1 development; 2 computer; 3 build; 4 important; 5 requirement; 6 common; 7 establish; 8 finished; 9 modernize; 10 focus; 11 be alike.

10

1 the; 2 the; 3 a, the, the; 4 a; 5 the, the; 6 the, the; 7 the; 8 the; 9 – , the, the, the, a, the; 10 the, the.

14

DO and MAKE

1 do; 2 make; 3 do; 4 make; 5 done; 6 made; 7 make; 8 make; 9 making; 10 did; 11 do, do.

234

Keys to exercises

3.Vocabulary training

1.Identification of words

2-7; 3-1; 4-2; 5-6; 6-11; 7-8; 8-10; 9-12; 10-3; 11-5; 12-4; 13-14; 14-13.

2.Reading comprehension

1-4-6-3-5-2.

4.Computer terms in use

1-4; 2-10; 3-8; 4-1; 5-7; 6-5; 7-9; 8-2; 9-3; 10-6.

UNIT 4

4

1 discrepancy; 2 networks; 3 processor, memory; 4 market; 5 vector processing; 6 transistors; 7 network; 8 computer, microprocessors; 9 transistors; 10 microchip capacity; 11 computational power; 12 crammed; 13 computer; 14 software, interface.

5

1.The largest machine had 128 processors.

2.Each processor had its own local memory.

3.Transitions between generations in computer technology are hard to define.

4.Network technology is becoming very widespread.

5.A microprocessor is fabricated on a surface of a thin silicon layer.

6.Scientists are looking for some possible alternatives.

7.Atoms are working together to serve as computer memory and microprocessors.

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Taking Computer for Granted

6

1 to; 2 for; 3 on, to; 4 in; 5 for; 6 on; 7 from, to; 8 on; 9 in; 10 for; 11 into.

8

1 slow; 2 complicated; 3 start; 4 lose; 5 remain; 6 regress; 7 decrease; 8 past; 9 discord; 10 fantasy; 11 disconnection.

9

1 integrated circuit; 2 rapidly; 3 plan; 4 separate; 5 finish; 6 construct; 7 get; 8 do; 9 broad; 10 change into; 11 transparent.

11

1 the, – , an; 2 – ,the, the, the; 3 the, 4 the, – ; 5 the; 6 – , – , – ; 7 an; 8 a, a, a; 9 – , – ; 10 the, the, the.

Vocabulary training

1

1-7; 2-14; 3-12; 4-5; 5-13; 6-10; 7-8; 8-2; 9-1; 10-11; 11-6; 12-4; 13-9; 14-3.

3

1-5-3-2-4-6.

4

1-11; 2-4; 3-5; 4-1; 5-10; 6-8; 7-9; 8-7; 9-2; 10-6; 11-12; 12-13;13-3.

Verb study practice

1

1 backed him up; 2 comes round; 3 buttering up; 4 ran into; 5 are in for; 6 come true; 7 is up to, cut down; 8 gave in; 9 helping me over; 10 found out.

236

Keys to exercises

2

1 on (along, am.); 2 on, out; 3 in; 4 out; 5 true; 6 up; 7 down; 8 in; 9 on; 10 into; 11 over; 12 to; 13 up; 14 off; 15 by; 16 at; 17 down; 18 against; 19 in; 20 round; 21 round; 22 over.

3

1 in for; 2 come true; 3 shell out; 4 did his best, gave in; 5 take it easy; 6 knows it from A to Z; 7 the game isn’t worth the candle; 8 drop in.

UNIT 5

4

1 simplify; 2 prototype; 3 over; 4 Free On-Line; 5 instructions; 6 supercomputer, founded; 7 goal; 8 peak; 9 primary; 10 qualitative; 11 slightly; 12 radical; 13 furthering; 14 personal.

5

1.The young man planned to begin a graduate school.

2.Supercomputer is a broad term for the fastest computer.

3.Various events shrank the size of supercomputer market.

4.Cray was never interested in company management.

5.It was the fastest computer in the world.

6.The speed of processors is increasing all the time.

7.The company has no plans to sell the device in the immediate future.

8.Supercomputers were designed and built to work on very large jobs.

6

1 in; 2 by; 3 in; 4 in; 5 on; 6 on; 7 in; 8 for; 9 to, by; 10 to; 11 on; 12 out of, of; 13 into, to; 14 to.

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Taking Computer for Granted

8

1 arrive; 2 exclude; 3 pull; 4 repair; 5 disuse; 6 complicate; 7 old; 8 similar; 9 follow; 10 decrease; 11 come, arrive; 12 little, few.

9

1 search; 2 speak; 3 colleague; 4 revolve; 5 show; 6 be able; 7 carry out; 8 road; 9 advertise; 10 enlarge.

11

1 a, the, a, a; 2 the, the, the, the, the; 3 the, the; 4 a, – ; 5 the; 6 the, the; 7 the, the,an; 8 a, a, the, a; 9 the, the, the, an; 10 the, the.

Vocabulary training

1

1-8; 2-10; 3-9; 4-11; 5-20; 6-17; 7-18; 8-5; 9-7; 10-13; 11-12; 12-3; 13-6; 14-5; 15-14; 16-1; 17-16; 18-19; 19-4; 20-2.

3

5; 3; 4; 2; 6.

4

1-5; 2-3; 3-2; 4-8; 5-6; 6-4; 7-1; 8-7.

UNIT 6

4

1 input data; 2 interfere, data; 3 binary digit; 4controls; 5 high level language, assembly; 6 operating system, process; 7 performance; 8 marketability; 9 free, charge; 10 apps.

238

Keys to exercises

5

1.Computer circuits can be in two states.

2.It was necessary to develop software into a more userfriendly format.

3.It inspired programmers to develop more software.

4.Software written on one computer could be used on another.

5.Operating system can activate other programs.

6.Programmers jumped at the chance to write application software.

7.One reason for its success was that it integrated three applications.

8.Word processing programs were capable of more than manipulating words.

6

1 on; 2 on; 3 in; 4 to; 5 for; 6 in; 7 by; 8 for; 9 on, out of; 10 in; 11 into.

1 contemporary; 2 agree to; 3 understand; 4 enlarge; 5 limit; 6 ordinary; 7 quickly; 8 different; 9 specific; 10 mistake; 11 remember; 12 payment; 13 qualified; 14 complete.

11

1 at first; 2 contemporary; 3 understood; 4 tremendous; 5 encouraged; 6 desire, increase; 7 payment; 8 appear in, did not lose the opportunity; 9 deal with errors and problems; 10 did not cease, increase; 11 examined carefully and select.

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Taking Computer for Granted

Vocabulary training

1

1-11; 2-8; 3-1; 4-12; 5-2; 6-3; 7-4; 8-10; 9-6; 10-9; 11-5; 12-7.

2

1-5; 2-4; 3-1; 4-2;5-7; 6-8; 7-3; 8-6.

4

1-6-3-2-4-5.

5

1-5; 2-6; 3-10; 4-1; 5-11; 6-3; 7-2; 8-12; 9-4; 10-5; 11-6; 12-10.

UNIT 7

4

1 network, interact; 2 modem, back, forth; 3 beginning, goal; 4 workstation, mainframe; 5 majority; 6 simultaneously; 7 mail; 8 merging, essential; 9 outlined; 10 transactions.

5

1.People want to communicate and share information.

2.External modem is outside your computer and must be plugged into it.

3.An explosion of direct connections to the Internet occurs.

4.Many of small businesses and homes were connected.

5.You can send or receive messages from anyone on the Internet.

6.There is never blank space between the components of the Internet address.

7.Today computers are seen as indispensable tools.

8.Via the Internet people are making information available. Browser helps to find nesessary information.

9.An engineer can participate joint ventures assembled over a network.

240