Essentials of pedagogical profession. Учебное пособие

10)Susan threw away the litter. The litter _____ away by Susan.

11)My dad was cutting the grass. The grass _____ by my dad.

12)Our band will sing that song. That song _____ by our band.

13)She is going to buy the red dress. The red dress _____ by her.

14)The birds are eating my food. My food _____ by the birds.

15)The postman delivers letters. Letters _____ by the postman.

16)Many people had visited the cave. The cave _____ by many people.

2.Make passive sentences from the following information.

Example:

BMW \ Germany \ make

BMW cars are made in Germany.

1)Fiat cars \ Italy \ make

2)Spaghetti \ boiling water \ cook

3)Children \ schools \ educate

4)Football \ every country \ play

5)Racehorses \ jockeys \ ride

6)Rolls Royce cars \ make \ Great Britain

7)We \ teach \ our teacher

8)Spaghetti \ make \ flour

9)Switzerland \ speak \ German

10)Grapes \ wine \ make

3.Rewrite the sentences using passive voice. Pay attention to the use of modal verbs.

Example:

You can pay for your purchase with credit card. The purchase can be paid with credit card.

1)I can answer the question.

2)She would carry the box.

3)You should open the window.

4)We might play cards.

5)You ought to wash the car.

6)He must fill in the form.

7)They need not buy bread.

8)He could not read the sentence.

9)Will the teacher test our English?

10)Could Jenny lock the door?

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4. Complete the following sentences with the passive form of the verb in brackets.

Example:

The bills (pay) every month.

The bills are paid every month.

A)Present Simple

1)Each lesson ______ (follow) by an exercise.

2)A new version ______ (publish) every year.

3)English _______ (speak) in this hotel.

4)Dictionaries can ______ (borrow) at the library.

5)Taxes _______ (include) in the price.

6)Over 100 meals _______ (serve) every day.

7)Smoking ______ (not/allow) in this building

8)A lot of information can _______ (find) on the Internet.

9)More and more mobile phones _______ (steal) every day.

10)A confirmation email ______ (send) to every subscriber.

B)Past Simple

1)The cathedral ______ (build) in the 17th century.

2)The apartment _____ (clean) before our arrival.

3)The accident _____ (cause) by a driver using a mobile phone.

4)The escaped prison ______ (see) at the airport yesterday.

5)The injured man _____ (take) to hospital after the crash.

6)The photographs _____ (publish) in the local newspaper.

7)Because of the delay, sandwiches ____ – (give) to all the passengers.

8)Food and clothing ______ (distribute) to the refugees.

9)Invitations _____ out (send) three weeks before the event.

10)The announcement ______ (hear) by everyone.

5.Change the following sentences from the passive to the active voice.

Example:

The poem was written by Oscar Wilde.

Oscar Wilde wrote the poem.

1)The picnic was prepared by the children.

2)The newspaper is delivered by a local boy every day.

3)The Merchant of Venice was written by Shakespeare.

4)Our order was taken by the waitress.

5)A summary will be given to each participant.

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6)You will be driven to the station by Julie.

7)Tea is produced in both India and China.

8)The computer is used by everyone in the office.

9)A statement will be made by the Prime Minister.

10)The bank was attacked by a group of armed robbers.

6. Fill in all the gaps and put the verbs in brackets into their correct active or passive form.

Example:

Mary _____ her bike yesterday. (FIND) Mary found her bike yesterday.

Every year, several prizes _______ to the best students. (GIVE) Every year, several prizes are given to the best students.

1)I _____ to the party because I _____ on an important project. (NOT GO, WORK)

2)Who _____ to when I saw you this morning? I’ve never seen her before. (YOU TALK)

3)Breakfast _____ at this hotel from 7 to 9 a.m. (SERVE)

4)I hurt my back while I _____ in the garden. (WORK)

5)Milk _____ in the fridge. (USUALLY KEEP)

6)The new stadium _____ next Tuesday. (OPEN)

7)_____ to come to the party next Friday? (YOU ALLOW)

8)I _____ you had the same birthday as me. (NOT KNOW)

9)This type of food can _____ as a starter or as a main dish (EAT)

10)When people _____, they _____ to the police station. (ARREST, TAKE)

11)That song _____ on the radio very often, is it? (NOT\PLAY)

12)How did people communicate over long distances before the phone _____? (INVENT)

7.Change the following sentences to passive by filling in the correct verb forms.

Define what tense is used in each sentence.

1)The secretary opens the mail every morning. The mail _____ by the secretary every morning.

2)Jimmy walks the dogs every day. The dogs _____ by Jimmy every day.

3)A gardener is watering the flowers.

The flowers _____ by a gardener.

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4)Police officers were examining the evidence. The evidence _____ by police officers.

5)A guide will take you to your seat. You _____ to your seat by a guide.

6)Heavy rain had caused the flood. The flood _____ by heavy rain.

7)A spokesman gave an interview to the reporters. The reporters _____ an interview by a spokesperson.

8)We are going to announce the results on Friday. The results _____ on Friday.

9)They clean the windows every week. The windows _____ every week.

10)The new manager has made some changes. Some changes _____ by the new manager.

11)The students are making arrangements for the party. Arrangements _____ for the party.

12)They had invited him to the cinema. He _____ to the cinema.

8.Turn these sentences into the passive, present or past. Omit the agent if necessary.

1)They sell newspapers in the street.

2)He took the victims to hospital.

3)They don’t water the fields with suitable water.

4)She didn’t pay him the money.

5)She told me to call the police.

6)They found him under the wreckage.

7)He didn’t grow vegetables in his field.

8)They chose good actors for the play.

9)He sends flowers to his friends every year.

10)He threw the rubbish into the sea.

9.Make the following sentences passive.

Example:

He opens the door.

The door is opened by him.

The police have arrested three men.

Three men have been arrested by the police.

1)She pays a lot of money. A lot of money ______

2)People don’t use this road very often. This road ____

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3)They have not read the book. The book _____

4)We were talking about Francis. Francis _____

5)We have not agreed to this issue. This issue _____

6)We did not clean our rooms. Our rooms _____

7)My father is washing the car. The car _____

8)Somebody should do the work. The work _____

9)People speak Portuguese in Brazil. Portuguese _____

10)The wolf ate the princess. The princess _____

11)The boss showed the new computer to Anna. Anna _____

12)They have changed the date of the meeting. The date of the meeting _____

13)Jimmy walks the dogs every day. The dogs _____

14)John gave a bar of chocolate to Jill. A bar of chocolate _____

15)The secretary opens the mail every morning. The mail _____

10. Make up any Passive Voice statements with verb list shown below.

11. Make up question to the question words given in brackets.

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Example:

At the meeting I have been asked a couple of questions. (What?) What have I been asked at the meeting?

The police have arrested three men. (How many?) How many men have been arrested by the police?

1)I was born in 1974. (When?)

2)They were shown many places of interest. (What?)

3)The letter will be answered tomorrow. (When?)

4)Wheat is grown in each of these regions. (Where?)

5)They have noticed us. (Have we?)

6)The girl was seen here about twenty minutes ago. (When?)

7)This town was founded in the 15th century. (When?)

8)They have delivered a new music system. (What?)

9)John has been asked to make a speech at the meeting. (What?)

10)The writer will publish his novel next year. (When?)

11)They spoke about him at the trade-union meeting. (Where?)

12)They promised her an interesting job. (What?)

13)New ring-roads are being built around our town. (What?)

14)My dress is made of silk. (What?)

15)She offered me a cup of tea. (What?)

12.Open the brackets and put the verbs into Passive or Active Voice.

1)My sister _____ (not\speak) English very well.

2)Who _____ (write) this book?

3)Who _____ (this book, write) by?

4)_____ (Spielberg, direct) any of the Harry Potter films?

5)Who _____ (Harry Potter films, direct) by?

6)_____ (the bread, bake) every day?

7)When _____ (your brother, sell) his car?

8)When _____ (your brother`s car, sell)?

9)We _____ (not use) plastic in our factory.

10)Plastic _____ (not use) in our factory.

11)Who _____ (write) the articles in that magazine?

12)How often _____ (you\open) your emails?

13)When _____ (your laptop\ steal)?

14)_____ (English\speak) in your family?

15)Which book _____ (they\ base) this film on?

16)Which book _____ (this film\base) on?

17)They _____ (not\sell) cold drinks at the corner.

18)Cigarettes _____ (not\sell) here.

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19)Who _____ (pay) the bills?

20)How often _____ (Olympic games\hold)?

21)What _____ (you\give) for your last birthday?

13.Make two sentences in Passive Voice for each point. There are two objects (direct, indirect) in each active sentence.

Example:

Samantha gave me a big green apple.

I was given a big green apple.

A big green apple was given to me.

1)My best friend showed me some lovely cats in the garden.

2)The secretary is sending the customers some letters.

3)Elizabeth has given her pupils a short grammar test.

4)Nick was telling some lies to his friends.

5)Mr. Smiths wished his employees a great weekend.

6)Kate brought her sister a lot of fresh fruit from the market.

7)David is writing letters to his relatives.

8)Molly had given her husband an expensive golden watch.

9)Mary is telling a fairy-tale to her son.

10)The librarian lent the girls a few English books.

11)We are buying a new car for our daughter.

12)Alexander didn`t pay the company the electricity bill.

14.Find and correct the mistakes in each sentence.

1)A big steak was been brought by the waiter.

2)Doris will met at the station.

3)The results are going to be announce the results on Friday.

4)Some changes has been made by the new manager

5)Arrangements are being make by the students for the party.

6)English is spoke all over the world.

7)This museum not visited by tourists very often.

8)The incident was been told at dinner.

9)You will meet at the airport tomorrow by Sharon and taken to the hotel.

10)The meetings is scheduled by staff assistant.

Unit 3. Indirect questions

Косвенные вопросы.

Вопросы в косвенной речи имеют прямой порядок слов – такой как в утвердительных предложениях. В косвенной речи употребляются общие и специальные вопросы. Косвенные вопросы

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вводятся в речь при помощи слов и выражений ask, inquire (более официальный вариант слова ask), want to know, I wonder, would like to know, can you tell me.

Общие косвенные вопросы присоединяются к главному предложению (словам автора) при помощи союзов if и whether (они соответствуют в русском языке частице «ли»), перед этими союзами запятая не ставится.

Специальные косвенные вопросы присоединяются к главному предложению при помощи вопросительных слов When? Where? How? Why? What? и т.д.

В косвенных вопросах (как и в любой косвенной речи) действует правило согласования времен. Если глагол, вводящий косвенную речь, стоит в прошедшем времени, то при переводе вопроса из прямой речи в косвенную сказуемые меняются на прошедшее время следующим образом:

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Время и место событий в прямой речи могут измениться при передаче предложения в косвенной речи, изменения также затрагивают местоимения:

Practice:

1. Complete the indirect questions.

Example:

When is your birthday?

I wonder when your birthday is?

1)Why did she cry? Can you tell me _____?

2)Does she speak Greek? I’d like to know _____.

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3)Where is Joe? Do you know _____?

4)What time does the show start? Do you have any idea _____?

5)Will they be all right? I wonder ____.

6)What did he want? Would you mind telling me _____?

7)Whose car was it? Could you let me know _____?

8)Is this the right train? Do you have any idea _____?

9)When will Jenny and William get married? I wonder _____.

10)How long has she known him? I’d like to know _____.

11)Could you babysit tonight? I was wondering _____.

12)What is her name? Can you tell me _____?

13)Do they have any free tickets? Could you let me know _____?

14)Where were the boxes? Can you remember _____?

15)Which countries did Rosemary visit? Do you know _____?

2. Imagine that you saw your doctor yesterday because you had a bad headache. Tell your partner what questions the doctor asked.

Example:

Do you sleep well? – The doctor asked me if I slept well.

1)Is anything wrong with you?

2)Do you sometimes have headaches?

3)Are you taking any medicine now?

4)Do you spend much time out- of-doors?

5)Do you do sports?

6)Have you a good appetite?

7)Do you usually go to bed late?

8)Will you follow my advice?

3.Imagine that a reporter from the local newspaper came to your school yesterday. Report his questions.

Еxample:

How long have you studied at this school?

He asked me how long I had studied at that school.

1)What do you like about your school?

2)What school activity did you have last?

3)What good habits have you formed at school?

4)What is your favorite subject?

5)What is more important for you at school?

6)How often do you go on school trips?

7)What is your school record?

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