Չոլաքեան Յ., Պատմական Անտիոքի եւ շրջակայից բնիկ հայերն

­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­

:: « », «-»:

, -,( , -

): , ­ 141 -

: ,::: , -::

.-­ ­ ­ ­­ ­­ ­ ­­ ­ ­

,, -: : , : -: , -, , -:, -:

141Ferula communis ( Çakşır otu, Çavşır otu, ), ,

’ . -’ . ’ -, -, -, ’ , ,:

90

5. ­ ­­ ­­ ­ ­ ­­ ­ ­ ­­ ­ ­ ­ ­­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­­

: -: : -, :

, , -: -, : « , , , »::

«-» ,:

,: , :

, , , «-» : -: :` , , : ­ (. ­ ­ , , ): -

-, « » « ».

, -- -

91

­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­

: ,( 6)142:

­ ­ ­ ( ),

, :

, , «» ( ):

, « ­ ­­ » -:

, ,, , .

­­ ­ ­­ ­ ,­ ,

­­ ­ ­ ­­ ­ :­ :

« » : , -143:

­ ­­ - :

142, , -( ):

: , ( ) -( ):

:

143, ,- : « » ( « -» ) : -

:

92

5. ­ ­­ ­­ ­ ­ ­­ ­ ­ ­­ ­ ­ ­ ­­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­­

.-­­ ­ ­ ­ ­­ ­­

-, -:

-: -(Charadrus),( ) ,

:

,:: 10 – 15: -, : , , -( ) :

: -- ,: -­­ ­ ( ) : -

: :( ­ ­ ­ – )

: : , -, , -, :: ,,: : , -: ( 84 -

), , , : :

— ­ , — , — ­ ­ ,­­ ­­ ­ (, ,

):

93

­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­

, , , , , ,:

,, : -­ ­ ­ ­ (

) : ,: , , -, : :

( 85 )

:

— ( ) -

, — , — :

,, ,:

.-­­ ­ ­­ ­­ ­ ­­ ­ ­

`,, :

-, ( -

. ) :: -,, ::

1960- :, (. ):

- , 1930-, -

94

5. ­ ­­ ­­ ­ ­ ­­ ­ ­ ­­ ­ ­ ­ ­­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­­

, : ,: .

— , -:, :, , « », , : « » -, « »: :, , ,- 30 - : : --: , -, ,: « », -: :« » ,« » (

): ,, -: ,-, « » , -»144:

, , -« » ( ): > -

> : -

144 , , -

, , 1967, 235:

95

­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­

>­, ­ > ­ ­, > , ­ > ,

> , >

:

,,

- , ,-: :

հսկայ: -, , : -, - : , : -: 145:

,, , : -:: -.– -, , -:

.-­ ­­­ ­­ ­ ­ ­­ ­ ­

.

— ::, , :

145, , ’, : -:

96

5. ­ ­­ ­­ ­ ­ ­­ ­ ­ ­­ ­ ­ ­ ­­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­­

, -: , ,:

: ­ (

):

: -:

,, 146,

: ,: - :

/-: -, « » (.

, 1874). « , ,

.

— , .

« , , »:.

« , ,, , , »147:

վրայ:

,: , -­ ­ ( ) , -

­ ­ , ­­ , ­ ­,­ ­ ­, ­ ­:

146, : :, : , -:

147, , . , , 1978, 53

97

­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­

, : ,, :

— : : -, — , —:

, ,, `

— , — :

, ,, , -,: -, :,, -, . - : , -:

98

5. ­ ­­ ­­ ­ ­ ­­ ­ ­ ­­ ­ ­ ­ ­­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­­

5.

MOUNT CASSIUS IN TRADITIONAL ANCIENT BELIEFS

AND FOLK TALES OF ARMENIANS OF ANTIOCH REGION

This article is dedicated to beliefs and folk tales of the Armenians of Antioch region about Mount Cassius (Gassios). Armenians have their roots there since the ter­ ritory was part of the empire of Tigranes the Great. Their population continued to grow until the 12th century. The increased number of the Armenians contributed to the local cultural life with beliefs and folk tales that they brought with them from the Armenian Highlands. These beliefs and tales mixed with those of the local population.

Mount Cassius is called Sapan/Sapana/Saphon/Zapon by the Canaanites, Hazzi/ Khazzi by the Hurrians, Cassius by the Greeks. During the period between the Ugarit Kingdom and the end of the Hellenic era, Mount Cassius was considered the home of the gods of thunder and sky: Baal, Teshub and Zeus.

In the tales of the local Armenians, Noah s Ark struck the rocks of Cassius and was pierced. The black snake came to Noah s aid. In another version, the crop closed the hole with its body. After the flood Noah came down and spoke with the dialect which the Armenians of the region still use.

The temple of Zeus, which was located near the top of the mountain, was con­ verted to a Christian sanctuary (or church) in the 4 – 5th centuries. During the Latin Duchy of Antioch, the mountain was renamed Parleri, and the monastery was referred to as the Abbatiam Montis Parleri, whose local name is Balloum. This area has for centuries hosted the pilgrimage of the water festival of Vartavar, or Feast of the Trans­ figuration of Our Lord Jesus Christ. After the ceremony at Balloum women and girls used to play water games near the springs and wells, while men used to go to the beach of Karadouran village of Kessab region. There were beliefs about Arvand (the dragon) that lives near the springs and wells, a sea­maid and her bathtub, where fishermen visited hoping to see her. All these are strongly related to and inspired by gods and objects of worship from the Armenian Highlands like the goddess Asdghig and vishabs.

99