КАФЕДРАЛЬНЫЙ

Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ

Ɋɚɡɧɢɰɚ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɯɨɪɨɲɢɦ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɟɧɢɟɦ ɢ ɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɶɸ ± ɜɨɩɪɨɫ ɦɢɥɥɢɦɟɬɪɨɜ ± ɝɨɜɨɪɢɥ ɮɪɚɧɰɭɡɫɤɢɣ ɮɨɬɨɝɪɚɮ Ⱥɧɪɢ Ʉɚɪɬɶɟ Ȼɪɟɫɫɨɧ

ɉɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɞɟɣɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɹ ©ɪɭɱɧɵɦ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɦª ɧɟɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɧɵɯ ɩɪɢɺɦɨɜ ©ɬɨɧɤɨɣ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢª ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɭ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɭɞɚɺɬɫɹ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɭɞɚɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɞɨɫɬɢɝɚɬɶ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɝɨ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɚ ± ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɤɚɤɨɝɨ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɧɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɦ ɞɨɫɬɢɱɶ ɜ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɟ ɫɪɨɤɢ ɜ ɨɛɵɱɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ

ɇɟɪɟɞɤɨɢɦɟɧɧɨɬɚɤɢɯɩɨɞɯɨɞɨɜɢɧɟɯɜɚɬɚɟɬɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ

ȼ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɪɭɱɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɵɫɲɢɦɢ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɹɦɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɫɺ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɢ ɩɨ ɜɫɟɦ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɦ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɧɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ

ɉɨ ɫɥɨɜɚɦ Ɉ ɂ ɑɟɩɭɧɨɜɚ ɢ Ⱥ ȼ Ɇɢɧɚɟɜɚ ©³ɪɭɱɧɨɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ

ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ´ ɧɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɧɵɦ ɢ ɜɫɟɨɛɳɢɦ ɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɥɨɤɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɢ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɦ Ⱥ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɧɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɨɡɞɚɜɚɬɶ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɭɸ ³ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ´ ɜ ɨɛɳɟɣ ³ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ´ ɱɬɨ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɪɟɱɢɬ ɡɚɤɨɧɭ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɧɨɣ ɨɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɹɬ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɤ ³ɜɨɡɦɭɳɟɧɧɨɦɭ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɸ´ ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɫɤɚɡɚɬɶ ɱɬɨ ɪɭɱɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ± ɷɬɨ ɥɨɤɚɥɶɧɚɹ ³ɩɨɞɫɬɪɨɣɤɚ´ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɸɳɚɹɫɹ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɦ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɦ ɜ ɮɨɪɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɞɥɹ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɵɯ ɰɟɥɟɣ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɬɟɧɞɟɧɰɢɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɜɧɟɲɧɢɯ ɢ ɜɧɭɬɪɢɫɢɫɬɟɦɧɵɯ ɪɟɚɥɢɣª

ȼ ȼ ɒɥɵɱɤɨɜ ɫɩɪɚɜɟɞɥɢɜɨ ɩɨɞɧɢɦɚɟɬ ɜɨɩɪɨɫ ©Ɇɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɧɚɫɬɚɥɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɜɵɜɟɫɬɢ ³ɪɭɱɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ´ ɢɡ ɬɟɧɢ ɢ ɩɪɢɞɚɬɶ ɟɦɭ ɨɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɬɚɬɭɫ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɨɮɨɪɦɢɜ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɟɝɨ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɟɞɢɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ"ª

ɉɨ ɫɩɪɚɜɟɞɥɢɜɨɦɭ ɫɭɠɞɟɧɢɸ ȼ ɇ ɉɨɬɟɯɢɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɫɟɝɨɞɧɹ ©ɝɟɧɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɤɨɧɰɟɩɰɢɢ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ ɧɚɭɤɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹª ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɵ ©ɧɚ ³ɮɪɚɝɦɟɧɬɚɪɧɨɦ´ ɢ ɥɢɧɟɣɧɨɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɹɯ ɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɣª ɉɨ ɘ ȿ Ⱥɜɪɭɬɢɧɭ ɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɭɫɬɨɹɜɲɢɦɫɹ ɩɚɪɚɞɢɝɦɚɦ ɧɟɪɟɞɤɨ ɦɟɲɚɟɬ ɧɚɦ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ ɜɨɫɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɶ ɢ ɨɰɟɧɢɜɚɬɶ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɭɸ ɧɚɫ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɝɨɪɚɡɞɨ ɛɵɫɬɪɟɟ ɱɟɦ

Ⱥɧɪɢ Ʉɚɪɬɶɟ Ȼɪɟɫɫɨɧ KWWSV UX ZLNLTXRWH RUJ ZLNL ȺɧɪɢBɄɚɪɬɶɟ Ȼɪɟɫɫɨɧ!

ɑɟɩɭɧɨɜ Ɉ.ɂ., Ɇɢɧɚɟɜ Ⱥ.ȼ. Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɢ ©ɪɭɱɧɨɣ ɪɟɠɢɦª ȼɟɫɬɧɢɤ ©ɋɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɢ ɝɭɦɚɧɢɬɚɪɧɵɟ ɧɚɭɤɢª ± ± ʋ ± ɋ ± ± ɋ

ɒɥɵɱɤɨɜ ȼ.ȼ. ©Ɋɭɱɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟª ɤɚɤ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɢɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɤɪɢɡɢɫɚ ɢ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɢ ȼɟɫɬɧɢɤ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɢ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɢ ɫɨɰɢɨɥɨɝɢɢ ± ± ʋ ± ɋ ± ± ɋ

ɉɨɬɟɯɢɧ ȼ.ɇ. Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɤɢ ɢ ɪɟɡɟɪɜɵ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ Ⱥɝɪɚɪɧɵɣ ɜɟɫɬɧɢɤ ɍɪɚɥɚ ± ± ʋ ± ɋ ± ± ɋ

Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ

ɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɬɚ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɚɹ ɨɛɴɹɫɧɹɸɳɚɹ ɟɺ ɩɚɪɚɞɢɝɦɚ ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦ ɩɨɢɫɤ ɧɨɜɵɯ ɧɚɭɱɧɵɯ ɩɚɪɚɞɢɝɦ

ɇɚɫɬɚɥɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɢ ɜɧɟɞɪɟɧɢɹ ɨɦɨɥɨɝɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɧɨɜɵɯ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɢ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɨɜ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɢ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɣ ©ɪɭɱɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɠɢɦɚª ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɢ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ

ȼɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɞɥɹ ɫɚɦɨɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɤ Ƚɥɚɜɟ

ɇɚɡɨɜɢɬɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɵ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ

ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɇɚɡɨɜɢɬɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɧɵɟ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ

ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɉɪɢɜɟɞɢɬɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɵ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɜ

ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ

ɉɪɢɜɟɞɢɬɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɵ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ Ɉɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɣɬɟ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɤɭ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ

ɡɚɞɚɧɢɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹɦ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɑɬɨ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɪɢɫɤ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ"

Ʉɚɤ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɟɝɨ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ"

ɑɬɨ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɬɶ ɩɨɞ ɞɨɩɢɧɝɨɦ ɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ" Ʉɚɤɢɟ ɦɟɪɵ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɚ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɞɨɩɢɧɝɚ ɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ

ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɧɚ ȼɚɲ ɜɡɝɥɹɞ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ" ɇɚɡɨɜɢɬɟ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɵ ɩɪɚɜɨɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɣ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɚɟɦɵɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ

ɛɨɥɟɥɶɳɢɤɚɦɢ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɺɧɧɵɟ ɜ ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɦ ɢ ɡɚɪɭɛɟɠɧɨɦ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɟ

Ʉɚɤɨɜɵ ɧɚ ȼɚɲ ɜɡɝɥɹɞ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɵ ɩɪɟɜɟɧɰɢɢ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɪɚɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɛɨɥɟɥɶɳɢɤɨɜ"

Ɋɚɫɫɤɚɠɢɬɟ ɨ ɰɟɥɹɯ ɢ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɚɯ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɫɟɪɬɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ

Ɉɰɟɧɢɬɟ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɦɟɬɨɞɚ ɪɭɱɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ

Ⱥɜɪɭɬɢɧ ɘ.ȿ.Ɉ ɩɚɪɚɞɨɤɫɚɯ ɩɚɪɚɞɢɝɦɵ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɜ ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɦ ɩɪɚɜɟ Ⱥɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɭɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɋɛ ɫɬɚɬɟɣ ɩɨ ɦɚɬɟɪ ɟɠɟɝɨɞ ɜɫɟɪɨɫɫ ɧɚɭɱ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱ ɤɨɧɮ ɋɨɪɨɤɢɧɫɤɢɟ ɱɬɟɧɢɹ ȼ ɬ ɉɨɞ ɪɟɞ ɘ ȿ ȺɜɪɭɬɢɧɚȺ ɂ Ʉɚɩɥɭɧɨɜɚ±ɋɉɛɂɡɞ ɜɨɋɉɛɭɧ ɬɚɆȼȾɊɨɫɫɢɢ ±Ɍ± ɫ ± ɋ ± ± ɋ

Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ

ȽɅȺȼȺ Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ

Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɤɚɤ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ

(ɉɨɧɤɢɧ ɂ.ȼ., Ɋɟɞɶɤɢɧɚ Ⱥ.ɂ.)

Ɉɛɳɢɟ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɵ

Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɚɠɧɟɣɲɢɦ ɢɧɬɟɝɪɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɨɦ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɋɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɜɚɠɧɟɣɲɢɦ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɨɦ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɢ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɨɩɪɨɫ ɨ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɯ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɹɯ ɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɦɟɪɚɯ ɞɨɥɠɟɧɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɹɢɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɯɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɫɮɟɪɵ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ

Ɂɚ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɟ ± ɥɟɬ ɜ ɋɒȺ Ʉɚɧɚɞɟ ɘȺɊ Ƚɟɪɦɚɧɢɢ Ʉɢɬɚɟ ɢ ɪɹɞɟ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜ ɦɢɪɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɨ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɢ ɦɨɞɟɪɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɦɧɨɠɟɫɬɜɚ ɢɧɮɪɚɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɵɯ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɩɪɟɠɞɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ ± ɫɬɚɞɢɨɧɨɜ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɵɯ ɜ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɤɪɭɩɧɵɯ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ

Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɫɟɝɨɞɧɹ ɮɢɤɫɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɬɟɧɞɟɧɰɢɹ ɫɨɤɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɣ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɷɬɨ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦ ɞɟɮɢɰɢɬɨɦ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɰɟɥɵɦ ɪɹɞɨɦ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɩɪɢɱɢɧ

ȼ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɧɫɬɜɨ ɟɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɤɥɭɛɨɜ ɭɠɟ ɨɬɨɲɥɢ ɨɬ ɢɦɟɜɲɟɣ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɞɨɜɨɥɶɧɨ ɞɨɥɝɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɫ ɯ ɝɨɞɨɜ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ©ɡɪɢɬɟɥɢ ± ɫɭɛɜɟɧɰɢɢ ± ɫɩɨɧɫɨɪɵ ± ɩɨɬɪɟɛɢɬɟɥɢ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɚ ɡɪɢɬɟɥɢ ª ȼ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɫɧɢɡɢɥɫɹ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɟɦɵɯ ɨɬ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɫɭɛɜɟɧɰɢɣ ɥɢɛɨ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɫɩɨɪɬɚɛɵɥɨɜɨɜɫɟ ɡɚɩɪɟɳɟɧɨ

Baade R.A., Matheson V.A.)LQDQFLQJ 3URIHVVLRQDO 6SRUWV )DFLOLWLHV >Ɏɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ@ KWWS FROOHJH KRO\FURVV HGX 5H3(F VSH 0DWKHVRQ% DDGHB)LQDQFLQJ6SRUWV SGI! ± ± S ± 3 ±

Andreff W. 7KH (YROYLQJ (XURSHDQ 0RGHO RI 3URIHVVLRQDO 6SRUWV )LQDQFH KWWS ZZZ SOD\WKHJDPH RUJ QHZV QHZV DUWLFOHV WKH HYROYLQJ HXURSHDQ PRGHO RI SURIHVVLRQDO VSRUWV ILQDQFH !

Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ

ɑɚɫɬɧɨɟɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟɫɩɨɪɬɚɜɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟɜɪɟɦɹɭɠɟɧɚɦɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɟɬ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɜ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɧɫɬɜɟ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɵɯ ɫɬɪɚɧ ɦɢɪɚ ɢ ɷɬɚ ɬɟɧɞɟɧɰɢɹ ɭɫɢɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɜɨ Ɏɪɚɧɰɢɢ ± ɜ ɝɨɞɭ ɩɪɨɬɢɜ ɜ ɝɨɞɭ

Ɏɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɚɱɚɫɬɭɸ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɫɜɟɫɬɢ ɤ ɞɜɭɦ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɦ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɦ ȼɨ ɩɟɪɜɵɯ ɷɬɨ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɣ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɢɧɮɪɚɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɢ ɜ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɟ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɟɝɨ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɹ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɟɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɶ ɢ ɢɧɵɟ ɰɟɥɢ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɱɬɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ȼɨ ɜɬɨɪɵɯ ± ɷɬɨ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɤɥɭɛɨɜ Ɇɟɬɨɞɵ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢɡɦɟɧɢɥɢɫɶ ɜ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɭɸ ɷɩɨɯɭ ɢ ɜɫɺ ɱɚɳɟ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞ ɨɬ ɬɪɚɞɢɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɨɩɢɪɚɥɚɫɶ ɧɚ ɞɨɯɨɞɵ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɟɦɵɟ ɨɬ ɡɪɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɫɭɛɜɟɧɰɢɢ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫɩɨɧɫɨɪɫɤɢɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɤ ɧɨɜɨɣ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɝɞɟ ɬɟɥɟɜɢɞɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɢ ɦɟɪɱɚɧɞɚɣɡɢɧɝ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɪɨɞɚɠɚ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɂɧɬɟɪɧɟɬ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɟ ɪɚɡɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɚɤɰɢɣ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɧɨɜɵɦɢ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɦɢ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɚɦɢ ɞɨɯɨɞɨɜ ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɞɨɥɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɨɫɬɚɺɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɩɪɟɠɧɟɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɢɥɢ ɧɟɭɤɥɨɧɧɨ ɫɧɢɠɚɟɬɫɹ

ɇɚ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɢɢ ɤɨɧɝɪɟɫɫɚ ɎɂɎȺ ɜ Ȼɭɞɚɩɟɲɬɟ ɩɪɟɦɶɟɪ ɦɢɧɢɫɬɪ ȼɟɧɝɪɢɢ ȼɢɤɬɨɪ Ɉɪɛɚɧ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɬɨɱɧɨ ɨɬɪɚɡɢɥ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɭ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɫɮɟɪɵ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ©ȼɥɚɫɬɶ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɢɞɭɬ ɪɹɞɨɦ ɨɧɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɹɬɶ ɥɸɞɟɣ ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɜɥɚɫɬɶ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɛɥɚɝɨɫɥɨɜɟɧɢɟɦ ɞɥɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ± ɩɪɨɤɥɹɬɢɟɦª

ȼɨɩɪɨɫ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣ ɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɣ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɫɮɟɪɵ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɨɫɬɚɺɬɫɹ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɵɦ Ɉɬɤɪɵɬɵɦ ɩɪɟɠɞɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɜɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟ ɪɟɡɤɨɝɨ ɫɨɤɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɵɯ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɬɟɤɭɳɢɯ ɝɥɨɛɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɤɪɢɡɢɫɧɵɯ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɵɯ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɇɨ ɷɬɨɬ ɜɨɩɪɨɫ ɨɫɬɚɺɬɫɹ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɵɦ ɢ ɩɨɬɨɦɭ ɱɬɨ ɜɫɥɟɞ ɡɚ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɞɟɧɶɝɚɦɢ ɩɪɢɯɨɞɢɬ ɜɦɟɲɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɜɨ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɟ ɞɟɥɚ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɚ ɷɬɨɦɭ ɟɫɬɶ ɩɪɟɞɟɥ ɜɵɬɟɤɚɸɳɢɣ ɢɡ ɚɜɬɨɧɨɦɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɧɚ ɫɟɝɨɞɧɹ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɹɜɧɨ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ

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ɐɢɬ ɩɨ Ⱦɡɢɱɤɨɜɫɤɢɣ ȿ. Ƚɪɢɝɨɪɢɣ ɋɭɪɤɢɫ ©ɇɢɤɨɝɞɚ ɧɟ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɢɥ ɛɵ Ⱥɞɜɨɤɚɬɚ ɬɪɟɧɟɪɨɦ ɫɛɨɪɧɨɣª ɋɩɨɪɬ ɗɤɫɩɪɟɫɫ ±

Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ

Ⱦɥɹ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɬɟɧɞɟɧɰɢɣ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɡɚɪɭɛɟɠɧɵɯ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɨɜ ɜ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɤɚɫɚɸɳɟɣɫɹ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ Ⱦɨɤɥɚɞ Ʉɨɦɢɬɟɬɚ ɩɨ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɟ ɧɚɭɤɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɢ ɦɟɞɢɚ ɉɚɪɥɚɦɟɧɬɫɤɨɣ Ⱥɫɫɚɦɛɥɟɢ ɋɨɜɟɬɚ ȿɜɪɨɩɵ ɨɬ ɝɨɞɚ ɩɨɫɜɹɳɺɧɧɵɣ ɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɟɦɭ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ɡɚɬɪɚɝɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɫ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɫɩɨɪɬɚɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨɩɨɡɢɰɢɢɉɚɪɥɚɦɟɧɬɫɤɨɣȺɫɫɚɦɛɥɟɢ ɋɨɜɟɬɚ ȿɜɪɨɩɵ ɜɨ ɜɫɺ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɝɥɨɛɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɸɳɟɣɫɹ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɟ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɵ ɢ ɧɟɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɢɪɭɟɦɨɟ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɟ ɡɧɚɱɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɭɡɤɢɯ ɱɚɫɬɧɵɯɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɵɯɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜɫɟɪɶɺɡɧɨɫɬɚɜɹɬɩɨɞɭɝɪɨɡɭɷɬɢɤɭɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜɨɨɛɳɟ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɸɬ ɪɢɫɤ ɡɥɨɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢɥɢ ɞɚɠɟ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɥɢɰɚɦɢ ɢɥɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɧɵɦɢ ɝɪɭɩɩɚɦɢ ɋɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜɫɺ ɛɨɥɟɟɚɤɬɭɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɸɳɢɟɫɹɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɹɚɧɬɢɞɨɩɢɧɝɨɜɵɯɩɪɚɜɢɥ ɤɨɪɪɭɩɰɢɢ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɧɵɯ ɦɚɬɱɟɣ ɧɨ ɢ ɢɧɵɟ ɫɟɪɶɺɡɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɩɨɞɪɵɜɚɸɬ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɵ ɦɢɪɚ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢ ɞɢɫɤɪɟɞɢɬɢɪɭɸɬ ɟɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɡ ɉɚɪɥɚɦɟɧɬɫɤɚɹ Ⱥɫɫɚɦɛɥɟɹ ɋɨɜɟɬɚ ȿɜɪɨɩɵ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜɵɫɤɚɡɚɥɚ ɫɟɪɶɺɡɧɭɸ ɨɛɟɫɩɨɤɨɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɬɟɦ ɱɬɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɫɨɪɟɜɧɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɹɬɫɹ ɧɟ ɫɨɜɫɟɦ ɫɩɪɚɜɟɞɥɢɜɵɦɢ ɢɡ ɡɚ ɫɥɢɲɤɨɦ ɫɢɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɧɟɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɹ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɢɦɟɸɳɢɦɢɫɹ ɭ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬɨɜ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɚɦɢ Ɍɚɤɠɟ Ⱥɫɫɚɦɛɥɟɹ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɥɚ ɱɬɨ ɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɟɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɳɟɟ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɬɶ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ ɷɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɧɨɪɦ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɢɣ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɯ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɡɪɚɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɦɵɯ ɢɦɢ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɫɩɪɚɜɟɞɥɢɜɵɦ ɷɬɨ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɢ ɮɭɬɛɨɥɚ Ⱦɥɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɉɚɪɥɚɦɟɧɬɫɤɚɹ Ⱥɫɫɚɦɛɥɟɹ ɋɨɜɟɬɚ ȿɜɪɨɩɵ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɬ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯ ɦɟɪ ɡɚɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɚɦɢ ɜ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚɦɢ ɭɱɚɫɬɧɢɤɚɦɢ ɋɨɜɟɬɚ ȿɜɪɨɩɵ ɢ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɢ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɸɳɢɦɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɨɦ ɭɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɝɨ Ɏɷɣɪ ɉɥɷɣ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɦɨɥɨɞɵɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɨɜ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɢɟ ɎɂɎȺ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɯ ɦɟɪ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɜ ɩɨɥɧɨɣ ɦɟɪɟ ɜ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɢ ɮɚɤɬɨɜ ɥɟɠɚɳɢɯ ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɸɳɢɯ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɫɤɚɧɞɚɥɨɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɧɟɝɚɬɢɜɧɨ ɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬɫɹɧɚɢɦɢɞɠɟɫɚɦɨɣɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣɮɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢɢɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɮɭɬɛɨɥɚ ɜ ɰɟɥɨɦ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɭɫɤɨɪɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɫɜɨɟɝɨ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɝɨ ɪɟɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɟ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɵɯ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɣ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɳɢɯ ɫɟɪɶɺɡɧɨɟ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɵɣ ɛɚɥɚɧɫ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɤɥɭɛɨɜ ɢ ɩɨɪɨɠɞɚɸɳɢɯ ɧɟɪɚɜɟɧɫɬɜɨ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɷɬɢɦɢ ɤɥɭɛɚɦɢ ɢɫɤɚɠɚɹ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɨɪɟɜɧɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɟ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣ ȼɦɟɲɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜ ɜ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɫɮɟɪɵ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶɫɹ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɱɬɨɛɵ

Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ

ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɥɚɫɶ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɚɜɬɨɧɨɦɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɨ ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶɫɹ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶ ɡɚ ɬɟɦ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɬɚɤɚɹ ɚɜɬɨɧɨɦɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɟ ɦɨɝɥɚ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɨɩɪɚɜɞɚɧɢɹ ɧɟɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɢɚɞɟɤɜɚɬɧɨɪɟɚɝɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɧɚɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɹɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣɷɬɢɤɢɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɞɟɹɧɢɹ ɩɨɞɩɚɞɚɸɳɢɟ ɢɥɢ ɬɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɩɨɞɩɚɞɚɬɶ ɩɨɞ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɭɝɨɥɨɜɧɨɝɨɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚȾɥɹɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɹɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɰɟɥɟɣ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜ ɭɱɚɫɬɧɢɤɨɜ ɋɨɜɟɬɚ ȿɜɪɨɩɵ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɬɶ ɜ ɫɟɛɹ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɟ ɚɤɬɵ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɸɳɢɟ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɰɟɥɨɦ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɤɚɫɚɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɬɟɯ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɨɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɧɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɮɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɭɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɵ ɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɧɵɦɢ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɦɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ ɜ ɰɟɥɹɯ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɦ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɦ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɢ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɹɳɢɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɥɚɬɮɨɪɦ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɪɧɵɯ ɜɫɬɪɟɱ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɨɸɡɨɜ

ɉɚɪɥɚɦɟɧɬɫɤɚɹȺɫɫɚɦɛɥɟɹɋɨɜɟɬɚȿɜɪɨɩɵɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɬɭɫɢɥɟɧɢɟ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɝɨ Ɏɷɣɪ ɉɥɷɣ ɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɢɹ ɩɪɚɜɢɥ ɬɪɟɛɭɸɳɢɯ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɣ ɩɪɨɡɪɚɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɢɜɚɸɳɢɯ ɡɚɞɨɥɠɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɥɭɛɨɜ ɢ ɫɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɢɯ ɫɚɦɨɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɸ Ɍɚɤɢɟ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɚ ɪɚɜɧɨ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɝɨ ɦɨɧɢɬɨɪɢɧɝɚ ɢɯ ɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶɫɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɹɦɢ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɦɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹɦɢ ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢɦɢ ɫɚɦɨɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɪɟɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɟɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɢɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɬɶ ɝɚɪɦɨɧɢɡɚɰɢɸ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɜɞɚɧɧɨɣɫɮɟɪɟɤɚɫɚɸɳɢɯɫɹɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɣɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ ɫ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɭɥɭɱɲɟɧɢɹ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɣ ɩɪɨɡɪɚɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɯ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ ɜ ɷɬɢɯ ɰɟɥɹɯ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɬɪɨɝɨɝɨ ɡɚɩɪɟɬɚ ɧɚ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɩɨɦɨɳɢ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹɦ ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɋɨɸɡɚ ɉɨ ɦɧɟɧɢɸ ɉɚɪɥɚɦɟɧɬɫɤɨɣ Ⱥɫɫɚɦɛɥɟɢ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɭɱɚɫɬɧɢɤɚ ɋɨɜɟɬɚ ȿɜɪɨɩɵ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɶ ɜ ɫɟɛɟ ɜ ɰɟɥɹɯ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɦɨɥɨɞɵɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɨɜ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɩɪɟɳɚɸɳɢɟ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɦɦɟɪɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɬɪɚɧɫɮɟɪɨɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɨɜ ɜ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɟ ɞɨ ɥɟɬ ɞɥɹ ɬɨɝɨ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɧɟɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɧɨɥɟɬɧɢɟ ɧɟ ɦɨɝɥɢ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶɫɹ ɩɪɨɫɬɨ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚɦɢ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɵɯ

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Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ

ɫɞɟɥɨɤ ɡɚɩɪɟɳɚɸɳɢɟ ɜɵɩɥɚɬɭ ɜɨɡɧɚɝɪɚɠɞɟɧɢɣ ɩɨɫɪɟɞɧɢɤɚɦ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɨɜ ɧɟ ɞɨɫɬɢɝɲɢɯ ɲɟɫɬɧɚɞɰɚɬɢɥɟɬɧɟɝɨ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɢ ɤ ɧɟɤɨɦɦɟɪɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɚɦ ɩɪɢɞɚɸɳɢɟ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɫɢɥɭ ɞɥɹ ɜɫɟɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɦɟɪɚɦ ɜɵɬɟɤɚɸɳɢɦ ɢɡ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɣ ɢɡɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɋɨɸɡɨɦ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɮɭɬɛɨɥɶɧɵɯ ɤɥɭɛɨɜ Ɏɪɚɧɰɢɢ ɜ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɢ ɢɧɨɫɬɪɚɧɧɵɯ ɧɟɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɧɨɥɟɬɧɢɯ ɢɝɪɨɤɨɜ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɸɳɢɟ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɨɜɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɫ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɜ ɲɤɨɥɟ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɨɣ ɛɟɡ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɚ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɤɥɭɛɚ ɧɟɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɚ ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨ ɨɬ ɟɺ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɵ ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɠɟ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɹ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɧɨɪɦ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ ɢ ɞɨ ɟɝɨ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɢɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚɦ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɬɶ ɧɚɞɺɠɧɭɸ ɡɚɳɢɬɭ ɧɟɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɧɨɥɟɬɧɢɯ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɨɜ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɯ ɚɤɬɨɜ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɸɳɢɯ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɪɭɞɚ ɞɟɬɟɣ

ȼ ȿɜɪɨɩɟ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɹ ɫɥɨɠɢɜɲɚɹɫɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɮɭɬɛɨɥɚ ɜɨ Ɏɪɚɧɰɢɢ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɬɚɤ ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɮɭɬɛɨɥɚ Ɏɪɚɧɰɢɢ ɛɵɥɨ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɨ ɇɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɨɬɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɨ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɸ ɡɚ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɤɨɦɢɬɟɬ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɡɚ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɡɚ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɤɥɭɛɚɦɢ ɢɡɭɱɚɟɬ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɟ ɢ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɜɫɟɯ ɤɥɭɛɨɜ ɉɟɪɜɨɣ ɢ ȼɬɨɪɨɣ ɥɢɝ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɭɸ ɨɧɢ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɤɚɤ ɢɦɟɸɳɭɸɫɹ ɬɚɤ ɢ ɩɪɨɝɧɨɡɢɪɭɟɦɭɸ ɋɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɚ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɚɹ ɫ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɪɟɱɢɟɦ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚɦ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜ ɭɱɚɫɬɧɢɤɨɜ ɋɨɜɟɬɚ ȿɜɪɨɩɵ ɮɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɥɨɠɢɜɲɟɣɫɹ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɤɥɭɛɚɦ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɟɩɪɹɦɚɹ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɚ ɫɨ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɇɚɥɨɝɢ ɢ ɢɡɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɨɬ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɤ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɭ ɢ ɷɬɢ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɵ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɡɚɬɪɚɬɵ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɫ ɡɚɪɚɛɨɬɧɵɦɢ ɩɥɚɬɚɦɢ ɢɝɪɨɤɨɜ ɢ ɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɜ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɩɨɞɪɵɜɚɸɬ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɰɢɸ Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ ɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɦɨɳɢ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɧɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɫɜɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɤ ɧɟɫɩɪɚɜɟɞɥɢɜɨɣ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɟ ɤɚɤɢɯ ɬɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɚɧɞ Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ȿɜɪɨɩɵ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɬɶ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɭɩɨɪɹɞɨɱɢɜɚɧɢɟ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɵ ɫ ɛɭɯɝɚɥɬɟɪɫɤɢɦ ɭɱɺɬɨɦ ɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹɯ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɛɨɥɶɲɟɣ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɣ ɩɪɨɡɪɚɱɧɨɫɬɢ Ɉɧɢ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɫɥɟɞɢɬɶ ɡɚ ɬɟɦ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɡɚɩɪɟɬ ɧɚ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɭɸ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɭ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɫɬɪɨɝɨ ɫɨɛɥɸɞɚɥɫɹ Ɍɚɤɠɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚɦ ɱɥɟɧɚɦ ɋɨɜɟɬɚ ȿɜɪɨɩɵ ɛɵɥɨ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɨɜɚɧɨ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɢɟ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɜ

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Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ

ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɟɝɨ ɧɨɪɦɵ ɨ ɡɚɳɢɬɟ ɦɨɥɨɞɵɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɨɜ ɹɜɥɹɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɚɦɢ ɬɚɤ ɢ ɦɢɝɪɚɧɬɚɦɢ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɭɩɨɪɹɞɨɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɣɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚɨɫɬɚɬɭɫɟɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯɚɝɟɧɬɨɜɚɬɚɤɠɟɥɢɰ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɳɢɯ ɩɨɫɪɟɞɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɭɫɥɭɝɢ ɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɮɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɜɟɞɭɳɢɯ ɚɝɟɧɬɫɤɭɸ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ ɧɨ ɧɟ ɢɦɟɸɳɢɯ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɡɜɚɧɢɹ

ȼ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɣ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɧɨ ɜɵɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɧɢɠɟɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ

± ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɜɢɞɵ ɢ ɮɨɪɦɵ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɣ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɟɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɟɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ

± ɜɨɡɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɯ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɨɜ ɢ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɨɜ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɠɢɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɨɜ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɬɪɟɧɟɪɨɜ ɢ ɞɪ

± ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɛɨɪɧɵɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɚɧɞ ± ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɬɚɜɨɤ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɬɪɟɧɟɪɨɜ

ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɜɪɚɱɟɣ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɨɜ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ± ɩɪɹɦɨɟ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɟ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟ ɜ

ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɵ ɪɚɡɧɨɝɨ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ

ɢ ɩɨ ɪɚɡɧɵɦ ɜɢɞɚɦ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɥɢɛɨ ɦɭɥɶɬɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ± ɩɪɹɦɨɟ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ ɢɥɢ

ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɟ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟ ɜ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɟ ɢ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɢɧɮɪɚɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɵɯ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɢ ɢɥɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɨɣ ɫ ɧɢɦɢ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɢɧɮɪɚɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ

± ɩɪɹɦɨɟ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɢɥɢ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɟ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟ ɜ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ ɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɪɨɞɚ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɲɤɨɥ ɰɟɧɬɪɨɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɸɳɢɯ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɬɪɟɧɟɪɨɜ

± ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ

± ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɚɹɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɚɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɣɩɨɩɪɨɩɚɝɚɧɞɟɰɟɧɧɨɫɬɟɣɢ ɩɪɢɜɥɟɤɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɵ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ

± ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɣ ɧɚ ɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹɦɢ

Rochebloine F. *RRG JRYHUQDQFH DQG HWKLFV LQ VSRUW >ɏɨɪɨɲɟɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɷɬɢɤɚ ɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ@ 5HSRUW ʋ 3$&( &RPPLWWHH RQ &XOWXUH 6FLHQFH (GXFDWLRQ DQG 0HGLD KWWS DVVHPEO\ FRH LQW QZ [PO ;5HI ;UHI ;0/ +70/ HQ DVS"ILOHLG ODQJ HQ! ± ± S ± 3

ɋɦɉɨɧɤɢɧɚ Ⱥ.Ⱥ. Ⱥɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɦɟɞɢɰɢɧɵ Ɂɚɤɨɧɵ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɨɩɵɬ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɚ ± ± ʋ ± ɋ ±

Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ

± ɫɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɜ ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɬɟɧɢɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɷɤɢɩɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɢ ɨɫɧɚɳɟɧɢɹ

± ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɢ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɞɥɹ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɨɦ ɥɢɰ ɫ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ

± ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɦɟɪ ɩɨ ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɸ

ɢ ɩɪɟɫɟɱɟɧɢɸ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɩɢɧɝɨɜɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ

± ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɧɚɭɤɢ

ɉɪɚɜɨɜɨɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɣ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ

ɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɭ ,,, Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɉɪɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɧɚ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɞɨ ɝɨɞɚ ɨɬɡɚɩɥɚɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɨ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ©ɞɥɹ ɩɪɢɜɥɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɱɚɫɬɧɵɯ ɢɧɜɟɫɬɢɰɢɣ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɭ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɵ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚª

ɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɫɬɚɬɶɢ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɚ ɨɬ ʋ ɎɁ ɪɟɞ ɨɬ ©Ɉ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɟ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢª ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɡɚ ɫɱɺɬ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɚ ɢ ɧɨɪɦɵ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɨɜ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɮɢɡɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɵɯ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ ɜɤɥɸɱɺɧɧɵɯ ɜ ȿɞɢɧɵɣ ɤɚɥɟɧɞɚɪɧɵɣ ɩɥɚɧ ɦɟɠɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɜɫɟɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɮɢɡɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɵɯ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɭɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɟɧɧɵɦ ɉɪɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨɦ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɦ ɢɫɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ

ɑɚɫɬɶ ɫɬɚɬɶɢ ©Ɏɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɵ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚª Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɚ ɨɬ ʋ ɎɁ ɪɟɞ ɨɬ ©Ɉ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɟ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢª ɤɪɚɫɯɨɞɧɵɦ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚɦ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢɨɬɧɨɫɢɬ

± ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɷɤɢɩɢɪɨɜɤɨɣ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɟ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɦɟɞɢɤɨ ɛɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɦɟɞɢɰɢɧɫɤɨɟ ɢ ɚɧɬɢɞɨɩɢɧɝɨɜɨɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɞɟɥɟɝɚɰɢɣ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɛɨɪɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɚɧɞ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟ ɜ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɛɨɪɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɚɧɞ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɤ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɦ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɫɨɪɟɜɧɨɜɚɧɢɹɦ

Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɉɪɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɧɚ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɞɨ ɝɨɞɚ ɧɨɜɚɹ ɪɟɞɚɤɰɢɹ ɍɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɵ ɉɪɟɞɫɟɞɚɬɟɥɟɦ ɉɪɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ Ⱦ Ⱥ Ɇɟɞɜɟɞɟɜɵɦ KWWS JRYHUQPHQW UX QHZV ! KWWS JRYHUQPHQW UX PHGLD ILOHV 47TY 6, T<(XX ]2+N2$ZJX\GE.' &NI SGI!

Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɡɚɤɨɧ ɨɬ ʋ ɎɁ ©Ɉ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɟ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢª ɋɨɛɪɚɧɢɟ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ± ± ʋ ± ɋɬ ȼ ɪɟɞ ɨɬ ± ɋɉɋ ©Ƚɚɪɚɧɬª

Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ

Ɉɥɢɦɩɢɣɫɤɢɦ ɢɝɪɚɦ ɢ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɞɟɥɟɝɚɰɢɣ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɹɯ

± ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɛɨɪɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɚɧɞ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɨɜ ɢɧɜɚɥɢɞɨɜ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɢɯ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɤ ɜɫɟɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɢɦ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɫɨɪɟɜɧɨɜɚɧɢɹɦ ɢ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɦ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɫɨɪɟɜɧɨɜɚɧɢɹɦ ɉɚɪɚɥɢɦɩɢɣɫɤɢɦ ɢɝɪɚɦ ɋɭɪɞɥɢɦɩɢɣɫɤɢɦ ɢɝɪɚɦ ȼɫɟɦɢɪɧɵɦ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɨɥɢɦɩɢɣɫɤɢɦ ɢɝɪɚɦ ɢ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɹ ɜ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɫɨɪɟɜɧɨɜɚɧɢɹɯ

± ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɢ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɦɟɠɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɢ ɜɫɟɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɢɯ ɨɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɮɢɡɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɵɯ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ

± ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɞɥɹ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɚ ȽɌɈ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɢɦ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɦ

± ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟ ɜ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɦɟɠɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɜɫɟɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɨɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ

± ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɦɟɪ ɩɨ ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɸ ɞɨɩɢɧɝɚ ɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ ɢ ɛɨɪɶɛɟ ɫ ɧɢɦ ɱɥɟɧɚɦɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɛɨɪɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɚɧɞ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ± ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɰɟɧɬɪɚ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɰɟɧɬɪɚ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɡɟɪɜɚ ɧɚɭɱɧɵɯ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣ ɧɚɭɱɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɵ

ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ± ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɭɱɧɵɯ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ

ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɵ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ

ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɣ ± ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɩɚɝɚɧɞɵ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɵ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢ

ɡɞɨɪɨɜɨɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɚ ɠɢɡɧɢ ± ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧ ɞɨɩɪɢɡɵɜɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɩɪɢɡɵɜɧɨɝɨ

ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɨɜ ɩɨ ɜɨɟɧɧɨ ɩɪɢɤɥɚɞɧɵɦ ɢ ɫɥɭɠɟɛɧɨ ɩɪɢɤɥɚɞɧɵɦ ɜɢɞɚɦ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ± ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɹɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɵɢɫɩɨɪɬɚɜ

Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɢ ɪɟɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ

± ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɢɧɵɯ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ ɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɢɦ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɦ

ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɫɬɚɬɶɢ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɚ ©Ɉ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɟ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢª ɤɪɚɫɯɨɞɧɵɦ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚɦ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢɨɬɧɨɫɹɬɫɹ

± ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɢ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ ɢ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɨɜ

ɢ ɦɟɠɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ ɢ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɨɜ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɵ

ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ± ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɨɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ

ɮɢɡɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɵɯ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ ɢ