КАФЕДРАЛЬНЫЙ

Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ

Ⱥɜɬɨɧɨɦɧɵɣɜɧɟɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɣɩɨɪɹɞɨɤɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ

(ɉɨɧɤɢɧ ɂ.ȼ., Ɋɟɞɶɤɢɧɚ Ⱥ.ɂ.)

ɉɨ ɦɟɪɟ ɬɨɝɨ ɤɚɤ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɫɚɦɨɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ OH[ VSRUWLYD ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɚɜɬɨɧɨɦɧɨɝɨ ɜɧɟɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɝɨ ɢɥɢ ɷɤɫɬɪɚ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɝɨ ɨɬ ©ad extraª ± ɜɨɜɧɟ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɬɚɸɬ ɜ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɜɫɺ ɛɨғɥɶɲɟɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɬɟɦɚ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ ɮɪɚɧɰ ± ©O¶2UGUH VSRUWLIª ɚɧɝɥ ± ©6SRUWV 2UGHUª ©6SRUWV /HJDO 2UGHUª ɢɬɚɥ ± ©2UGLQDPHQWL VSRUWLYLª ɢɫɩɚɧ ± ©2UGHQDPLHQWR GHSRUWLYRª ɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɫɹ ɜɫɺ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɚɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɜ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɦ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ

Ƚ ȼ Ɇɚɥɶɰɟɜ ɨɬɦɟɱɚɥ ɬɟɧɞɟɧɰɢɸ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɬɚɤ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɥɸɪɚɥɢɡɦɚ ɤɨɝɞɚ ɜ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟ ɧɚɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ ©ɦɧɨɠɟɫɬɜɨ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɸɳɢɯ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɵɯ ɫɨɡɞɚɜɚɬɶ ɚɜɬɨɧɨɦɧɵɟ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɜɪɚɡɧɨɣ ɦɟɪɟ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɵɟ ɢɥɢ ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɵɟɨɬɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚɟɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɜ ɩɨɞɨɛɧɵɟ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɰɟɪɤɨɜɧɨɦɭ ɢɥɢ ɤɚɧɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭ ɩɪɚɜɭ ɤɨɪɩɨɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɦɭ ɩɪɚɜɭ ɧɟɤɨɝɞɚ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɜɲɢɦ ³ɩɪɚɜɭ ɨɛɳɢɧ´ ³ɩɪɚɜɭ ɫɚɦɨɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɝɨɪɨɞɨɜ´ ɢ ɬ ɞ ª ȼ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɝɟɧɟɡɢɫɚ ɧɨɜɵɯ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯɢɧɫɬɢɬɭɬɨɜɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨȽ ȼ Ɇɚɥɶɰɟɜɭɚɤɬɭɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɨɛ ɨɛɪɚɡɟ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɭɟɦɨɝɨ ɞɥɹ ɛɭɞɭɳɟɝɨ ɜ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɚɯ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚɨɛ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɹɯ ɞɨɥɠɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ©ɦɢɪɚ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɢɧɫɬɢɬɭɬɨɜ ɝɥɭɛɨɤɨɝɨ ɢ ɪɚɡɧɨɫɬɨɪɨɧɧɟɝɨ ɜɨɩɥɨɳɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤª ɫ ɭɱɺɬɨɦ ɬɪɚɧɡɢɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɢɧɫɬɢɬɭɬɨɜ ɜ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ©ɫɦɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɢɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɦɢɪɚª ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɨɬɦɟɱɚɟɬ Ƚ ȼ Ɇɚɥɶɰɟɜ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɜɚɠɧɨ ɩɨɧɹɬɶ ɢ ɫɨɛɥɸɫɬɢ ɥɟɝɢɬɢɦɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɢɧɫɬɢɬɭɬɨɜ ɢ ɦɟɪɭ ɢɯ ɚɜɬɨɧɨɦɧɨɫɬɢ

ȼɨɩɪɨɫ ɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɦ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɟ ɢɬɚɥ ± ©RUGLQDPHQWL JLXULGLFL VSRUWLYLª ɨɞɧɢɦ ɢɡ ɩɟɪɜɵɯ ɚɪɬɢɤɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɥ ɜ ɝɨɞɭ Ɇɚɫɫɢɦɨ ɋɟɜɟɪɨ Ⱦɠɢɚɧɧɢɧɢ

ɋɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɩɟɪɜɨɩɪɨɯɨɞɰɚɦɢ ɜ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɬɟɦɟ ɫɬɚɥɢ ɢɬɚɥɶɹɧɫɤɢɟ ɚɜɬɨɪɵ ɂɧɢɝɨ Ɇɚɪɚɧɢ Ɍɨɪɨ ɢ Ⱥɥɶɛɟɪɬɨ Ɇɚɪɚɧɢ Ɍɨɪɨ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɜɲɢɟ ɫɜɨɸ ɞɨɤɬɪɢɧɭ ©ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚª

Ɇɚɥɶɰɟɜ Ƚ.ȼ. ɋɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɹɩɪɚɜɚ±Ɇɇɨɪɦɚ ±ɋ ± ±

Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ

ɗɬɢ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɬɚɤɠɟ Ⱥɥɶɛɟɪɬɨ Ɇɚɫɫɟɪɚ Ɋɨɛɟɪɬɚ Ʌɨɦɛɚɪɞɢ ɋɚɥɶɜɚɬɨɪɟ Ɋɢɰɟɥɥɨ Ɏɪɚɧɤɨ Ƚɚɷɬɚɧɨ ɋɤɨɤɚ Ɇɚɪɢɨ ɋɩɚɡɢɚɧɨ

ɇɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɧɚɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɛɵɥɢ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɢ ɚɜɬɨɪɚɦɢ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɝɨ ɩɚɪɚɝɪɚɮɚ

ɂɡ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ ɩɪɨɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɧɵɯ ɧɚ ɫɟɝɨɞɧɹ ɤɨɧɰɟɩɰɢɣ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜɵɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɧɭɸ Ɉ Ⱥ ɒɟɜɱɟɧɤɨ ɚɜɬɨɪɫɤɭɸ ɤɨɧɰɟɩɰɢɸ ©ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨ ɬɪɭɞɨɜɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɧɚ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɸ ɢ ɭɩɨɪɹɞɨɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨ ɬɪɭɞɨɜɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɨɜ ɧɚ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɨɫɬɢ ɬɪɭɞɨɜɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚª ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɚ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɦ ɚɜɬɨɪɨɦ ɤɚɤ ɨɧɚ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ©ɨɬɬɚɥɤɢɜɚɹɫɶ ɨɬɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɧɨɣ ɂɧɢɝɨɆɚɪɚɧɢɌɨɪɨɢȺɥɶɛɟɪɬɨɆɚɪɚɧɢɌɨɪɨɧɚɭɱɧɨɣ ɤɨɧɰɟɩɰɢɢ ©ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚª ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɨɬ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɧɨɣ Ⱥ ɂ ɉɨɧɤɢɧɨɣ >Ⱥ ɂ Ɋɟɞɶɤɢɧɨɣ@ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɣ ɤɨɧɰɟɩɰɢɢ ɚɜɬɨɧɨɦɧɨɝɨ ɜɧɟɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɝɨ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɹɸɳɟɣ ɢ ɜ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɜɚɸɳɟɣ ɩɟɪɜɭɸ ɢɡ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɤɨɧɰɟɩɰɢɣ ª

Ɋɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɹ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɫ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɵ ɨɧɬɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ ɜ ɩɟɪɜɭɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɶɫɹ ɤ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɸ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ

ɇɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɦɢ ɡɚɪɭɛɟɠɧɵɦɢ ɚɜɬɨɪɚɦɢ ɛɵɥɢ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɵ ɞɟɮɢɧɢɰɢɢ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ

Ɍɚɤ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɀ ɒɟɜɚɥɶɟ ©ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɜ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɫɜɨɟɝɨ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɝɨ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹ ɟɫɬɶ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɷɬɨ ± ɚɧɫɚɦɛɥɶ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɢɪɭɸɳɢɣ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚª

ɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɤɨɧɰɟɩɰɢɢ Ⱦɢɦɢɬɪɢ ɉɚɩɚɧɢɤɨɥɚɭ ©ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɬɪɟɦɹ ɚɬɪɢɛɭɬɚɦɢ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɟ ɧɨɪɦɵ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɸɳɢɟ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɢ ɨɛɹɡɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɭɞɶɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ

Massera A. 6SRUW H RUGLQDPHQWL JLXULGLFL WHQVLRQL H WHQGHQ]H QHO GLULWWR YLYHQWH LQ XQD SURVSHWWLYD PXOWLODWHUDOH >ɋɩɨɪɬ ɢ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɢ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɺɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɬɟɧɞɟɧɰɢɢ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɠɢɜɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɜ ɦɧɨɝɨɫɬɨɪɨɧɧɟɣ ɩɟɪɫɩɟɤɬɢɜɟ@ 'LULWWR SXEEOLFR ± JHQQDLR DSULOH ± ʋ ± 3 ±

Lombardi R., Rizzello S., Scoca F.G., Spasiano M.R. 2UGLQDPHQWRVSRUWLYRHFDOFLR SURIHVVLRQLVWLFR 7UD GLULWWR HG HFRQRPLD >ɋɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɢ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɮɭɬɛɨɥ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɩɪɚɜɨɦ ɢ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɨɣ@ ± 0LODQR *LXIIUq (GLWRUH ± S

ɒɟɜɱɟɧɤɨ Ɉ.Ⱥ. Ɉɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɬɪɭɞɚ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ Ɇɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɚɹ ɚɫɫɨɰ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ ,$6/ ± Ɇ ± ɫ ± ɋ ±

Chevallier J. /¶2UGUH MXULGLTXH >ɘɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ@ &85$33 /H GURLW HQ SURFqV ± 3DULV 3UHVVHV 8QLYHUVLWDLUHV GH )UDQFH ± 3

Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ

ɭɩɪɚɜɨɦɨɱɟɧɵ ɪɚɡɪɟɲɚɬɶ ɫɩɨɪɵ ɢ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɧɚɹ ɜɨɤɪɭɝ ɨɛɳɟɣ ɰɟɥɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɨɪɟɜɧɨɜɚɧɢɣª

ɉɨ ɫɥɨɜɚɦ Ɏɪɚɧɫɭɚ Ⱥɥɚɮɢɥɢɩɩɚ ©ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɬɤɚɧɶ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜɫɟɝɞɚ

ɩɟɪɟɫɟɤɚɟɬɫɹ ɫ ³ɨɛɪɚɦɥɹɸɳɟɣ ɟɺ ɪɚɦɤɨɣ´ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ ɢ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɛɚɥɚɧɫ ɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɫɬɪɚɧɵ ɢ ɨɬ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɟɠɢɦɚª

ɉɨ ɦɧɟɧɢɸ ɗɧɪɢɤɨ Ʌɭɛɪɚɧɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɩɟɪɜɭɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ ɤɚɤ ɝɥɨɛɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɧɚɞɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɭɸ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɢɡ ɨɬɥɢɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɬɨ ɱɬɨ ɞɚɧɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɧɟ ɨɛɥɚɞɚɟɬ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɢɦ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɫɭɜɟɪɟɧɢɬɟɬɨɦ ɧɟ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɹ ɜ ɩɨɥɧɭɸ ɫɢɥɭ ɧɚ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɨɣ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ

Ɏɚɛɢɚɧ ɋɢɦɦɚɧɤ ɨɬɦɟɱɚɟɬ ɱɬɨ ɝɥɨɛɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɨɯɜɚɬɵɜɚɟɬ ɲɢɪɨɤɢɣ ɫɩɟɤɬɪ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɧɨɪɦ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɢ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɯ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɟɦɵɯ ɱɚɫɬɧɵɦɢ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨ ɱɚɫɬɧɵɦɢ ɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹɦɢ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɢɧɫɬɢɬɭɬɨɜ Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɤɜɚɡɢ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɜɥɚɫɬɟɣ ɩɨɞɨɛɧɨ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɦɭ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɭ ɋɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɢ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɣ ɢ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɢ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɩɪɨɱɧɵɟ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɫɜɹɡɢ ɜɵɪɚɠɚɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɢɦɩɥɢɰɢɬɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɢɹ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɞɪɭɝ ɞɪɭɝɚ ɜɡɚɢɦɧɨɝɨ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɹ ɤɨɧɮɥɢɤɬɨɜ ɢ ɫɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ

Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɤɜɚɡɢ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɜɥɚɫɬɟɣ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɢɦɟɸɬɫɹ ɩɪɨɱɧɵɟ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɜɵɪɚɠɚɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɦɨɥɱɚɥɢɜɨɝɨ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɢɹ ɜɡɚɢɦɧɨɝɨ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɹ ɤɨɧɮɥɢɤɬɨɜ ɢ ɫɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɦ ɩɪɚɜɨɦ ɢ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɩɪɚɜɨɦ ɋɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ ɨɝɪɨɦɧɭɸ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɭɸ ɫɟɬɶ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɢɧɫɬɢɬɭɬɨɜ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ ɢ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪɨɜ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɬ ɫɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɢ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɢ ɱɚɫɬɧɵɯ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɭɪɨɜɧɟɣ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɢɦɟɟɬ

Papanikolaou D. / RUGUH MXULGLTXH VSRUWLI P\WKH RX UpDOLWp" &RQWULEXWLRQ j XQH YLVLRQ SOXUDOLVWH GX GURLW >ɋɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɦɢɮ ɢɥɢ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ" ȼɤɥɚɞ ɜ ɬɟɨɪɢɸ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ@ 8QLYHUVLWH 0RQWHVTXLHX ± %RUGHDX[ ,9 (FROH GRFWRUDOH GH GURLW ± %RUGHDX[ ± S KWWS GSVI HX 8VHUV)LOHV DGPLQ GRFXPHQWV 3XEOLFDWLRQV 7KHVH SGI!

Alaphilippe F. /pJLWLPLWp HW OpJDOLWp GHV VWUXFWXUHV LQWHPDWLRQDOHV GX VSRUW XQH WRLOH GH IRQG >Ʌɟɝɢɬɢɦɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɡɚɤɨɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪ@ 6SRUW /H WURLVLqPH PLOOpQDLUH &RPSWH UHQGX GX 6\PSRVLXP LQWHUQDWLRQDO 4XpEHF &DQDGD ± PDL ± 6DLQWH )R\ 3UHVVHV 8QLYHUVLWp /DYDO ± S ± 3 ± ± 3

Lubrano E. , UDSSRUWL WUD RUGLQDPHQWR VSRUWLYR HG RUGLQDPHQWR VWDWDOH QHOOD ORUR DWWXDOH FRQILJXUD]LRQH >Ɉɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɨɦ ɢ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɨɦ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦ ɜ ɢɯ ɬɟɤɭɳɟɣ ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɚɰɢɢ@ KWWS ZZZ VWXGLROXEUDQR LW DUWLFRORBVSRUW VWDWRBJLXIIUH SGI! ± S ± 3

Simmank F.6SRUWV JOREDO ODZ ± 5DFLQJ DJDLQVW WKH FORFN FRPSHWLQJ IRU D FRPSUHKHQVLYH XQGHUVWDQGLQJ ( 3~EOLFD ± 5HYLVWD (OHFWUyQLFD GH 'LUHLWR 3~EOLFR ± ± ʋ KWWS H SXEOLFD SW SGI DUWLJRV VSRUWV JOREDO ODZ SGI! ± S ± 3

Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ

ɫɜɨɸ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɭɸ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɭɸ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɜɨ ɝɥɚɜɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ Ɇɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɣ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɚɪɛɢɬɪɚɠɧɵɣ ɫɭɞ ɜ ɝ Ʌɨɡɚɧɧɚ ɒɜɟɣɰɚɪɢɹ ɉɨ ɦɧɟɧɢɸ Ɏɚɛɢɚɧɚ ɋɢɦɦɚɧɤɚ ɜɫɟ ɷɬɢ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɵ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬ ɧɚ ɬɨ ɱɬɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɝɥɨɛɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ

Ɏɪɷɧɤ Ʌɚɬɬɢ ɨɬɦɟɱɚɟɬ ɱɬɨ OH[ VSRUWLYD ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɦɚɬɪɢɰɟɣ ɩɨɞɥɢɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ ɋɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɲɢɪɨɤɨɣ ɚɜɬɨɧɨɦɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɨɬ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɯ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɨɜ ɫɥɢɲɤɨɦ ɮɪɚɝɦɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɞɥɹ ɬɨɝɨ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ ɜɵɯɨɞɹɳɢɟ ɡɚ ɪɚɦɤɢ ɢɯ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɧɨ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɧɵɯ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɟɣ

Ⱥɜɬɨɧɨɦɧɵɣ ɜɧɟɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣ ɷɤɫɬɪɚ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ± ɷɬɨ ɫɚɦɨɪɟɮɟɪɟɧɬɧɵɣ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɧɚ ɫɭɛɫɬɚɧɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɚɦɨɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɫɚɦɨɪɟɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɵɣ ɨɬ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢɢɨɬɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɯɦɟɠɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣɪɢɝɢɞɧɵɣ ɪɟɡɢɫɬɟɧɬɧɵɣ ɢ ɪɟɡɢɥɶɟɧɬɧɵɣ ɤ ɢɯ ɜɦɟɲɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭ ɞɟɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɤɨɪɪɟɚɥɶɧɨ ɭɩɨɪɹɞɨɱɟɧɧɵɣ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫ ɮɭɧɞɚɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɧɚɱɚɥ ɨɫɧɨɜ ɢ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɨɜ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɵɯ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɨɣ ɢ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟɦ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɨɩɨɥɚɝɚɸɳɢɯ ɧɚɱɚɥ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɜɨɫɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɧɟɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɟɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɜɧɟɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɝɨ ɷɤɫɬɪɚ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɝɨ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɷɬɨɣ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɨɩɨɥɚɝɚɸɳɢɟ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɵ ɢ ɰɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɧɪɚɜɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ Ɏɷɣɪ ɉɥɷɣ

Ⱥɜɬɨɧɨɦɧɵɣ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɸɳɢɣ ɚɜɬɨɧɨɦɧɵɣ ɜɧɟɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɣ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɤɚɠɞɵɣ ɛɭɞɭɱɢ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɨɣ ɫɥɨɠɧɨɣ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɨɣ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɫɥɨɠɧɵɟ ɢɧɬɟɪɪɟɥɹɰɢɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɫɨɛɨɣ

ɋɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɤɚɤ ɩɢɲɟɬ ɗɧɪɢɤɨ Ʌɭɛɪɚɧɨ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɜɨɸ ɚɜɬɨɧɨɦɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɜɨɢɯ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɯ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɨɜ ɧɨ ɢ ɬɟɦ ɱɬɨ ɜ ɟɝɨ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ

Simmank F. 6SRUWV JOREDO ODZ ± 5DFLQJ DJDLQVW WKH FORFN FRPSHWLQJ IRU D FRPSUHKHQVLYH XQGHUVWDQGLQJ ( 3~EOLFD ± 5HYLVWD (OHFWUyQLFD GH 'LUHLWR 3~EOLFR ± ± ʋ ± S ± 3 KWWS H SXEOLFD SW SGI DUWLJRV VSRUWV JOREDO ODZ SGI!

Latty F. /¶DUUrW OH OLYUH EODQF HW OH WUDLWp /D OH[ VSRUWLYD GDQV O¶RUGUH MXULGLTXH FRPPXQDXWDLUH GpYHORSSHPHQWV UpFHQWV 5HYXH GX 0DUFKp FRPPXQ HW GH O¶8QLRQ HXURSpHQQH ± MDQYLHU ± ± 3 ± ± 3

ɋɦɉɨɧɤɢɧ ɂ.ȼ. ɉɨɧɹɬɢɟ ɪɟɡɢɥɶɟɧɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɤ ɧɟɝɚɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɚɦ Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɚɹ ɫɥɭɠɛɚ ± ± ʋ ± ɋ ±

ɉɨɧɤɢɧɚ Ⱥ.ɂ. Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɚɜɬɨɧɨɦɧɚɹ ɢɧɫɬɢɬɭɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ Ʉɨɦɢɫ ɩɨ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɩɪɚɜɭ Ⱥɫɫɨɰ ɸɪɢɫɬɨɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɇɚɰ ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɸɪɢɫɬɨɜ ɊɎ ± Ɇ ± ɫ ± ɋ

Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ

ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɵɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɚ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɢɧɭɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɜɵɲɟɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɧɨɪɦ ɥɢɛɨ ɧɚ ɧɚɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɫɚɧɤɰɢɣ ɡɚ ɢɯ ɧɟɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɟ

ɉɨ ɦɧɟɧɢɸ Ƚɚɣɥɨɪɚ Ɋɚɛɸғɨɫɧɨɜɨɣ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɢɡɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨ ɫɨɡɞɚɸɬɫɹɧɚɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɢɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɹɫɜɨɛɨɞɭɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚɢɫɜɨɛɨɞɭ ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹɌɚɤɨɣɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɧɚɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɬɨɪɨɧɵɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɢɹɦɢɢɜɦɟɧɹɟɬ ɱɥɟɧɚɦɬɚɤɨɝɨɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɟɢɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧɚɪɧɵɟ ɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɢɹ Ɂɚɬɟɦ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɢɪɭɸɬ ɫɜɨɢ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ ɛɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɹ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɭ ɧɚ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɢ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɹɯ

Ɇɚɫɫɢɦɨ ɋɟɜɟɪɨ Ⱦɠɢɚɧɧɢɧɢ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɱɬɨ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɪɟɱɢɹ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɞɜɭɦɹ ɷɬɢɦɢ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚɦɢ ɜɫɟɝɞɚ ɩɪɟɨɛɥɚɞɚɟɬ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɣ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɇɚ ɫɚɦɨɦ ɞɟɥɟ ɷɬɨ ɧɟ ɜɩɨɥɧɟ ɬɚɤ ɢ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɦɧɨɠɟɫɬɜɨ ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜ ɜ ɩɨɥɶɡɭ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɝɨ

Ɇɚɧɭɷɥɶ Ƚɪɨ ɨɬɦɟɱɚɟɬ ɱɬɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɫɬɪɟɦɢɬɫɹ ɭɜɚɠɚɬɶ ɩɪɟɞɩɢɫɚɧɢɹ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɨɜ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɢ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɝɨ

Ʉɚɤ ɩɢɲɟɬ ɗɧɪɢɤɨ Ʌɭɛɪɚɧɨ ©ɚɜɬɨɧɨɦɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɩɨ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭ ɨɡɧɚɱɚɟɬ ɛɚɪɶɟɪ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɜɦɟɲɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɫɨ ɫɜɨɢɦɢ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɦɢ ɧɨɪɦɚɦɢ ɢ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɦɢ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɚɦɢ ɢɯ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɭ ɡɚɳɢɳɺɧɧɭɸ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɞɪɭɝɨɝɨ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ ɟɫɥɢ ɝɨɜɨɪɢɬɶ ɫɥɨɜɚɦɢ ɤɨɧɰɟɩɰɢɢ ɂɧɢɝɨ Ɇɚɪɚɧɢ Ɍɨɪɨ ɢ Ⱥɥɶɛɟɪɬɨ Ɇɚɪɚɧɢ Ɍɨɪɨ ± ³ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ´ ɜ ɚɜɬɨɧɨɦɧɨɣ ɟɝɨ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɧɨ ɩɪɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɢ ɱɬɨ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɢ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɧɟ ɢɫɱɟɪɩɚɥɢ ɫɜɨɸ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶª

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Lubrano E. ,O 7ULEXQDOH QD]LRQDOH DUELWUDOH SHU OR VSRUW 71$6 $QDOLVL GHOOD JLXULVSUXGHQ]D DQQL ± H GHOOD QDWXUD GHOOH UHODWLYH GHFLVLRQL >ɇɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɚɪɛɢɬɪɚɠɧɵɣ ɬɪɢɛɭɧɚɥ Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡ ɚɪɛɢɬɪɚɠɧɨɣ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɢ ± ɢ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɚ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɣ@ 5LYLVWD GL GLULWWR HG HFRQRPLD GHOOR VSRUW ± ± 9RO 9, ± ʋ

Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ

Ⱥɥɟɫɫɚɧɞɪɨ Ɉɥɢɜɟɪɢɨ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɱɬɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɫɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɫ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɦ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɨɦ ɩɪɟɬɟɪɩɟɜɚɹ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɫ ɟɝɨ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ Ʉɚɤ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ Ƚɚɣɥɨɪ Ɋɚɛɸ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɞɚɠɟ ɟɫɥɢ ɨɧғ ɩɨ ɫɜɨɟɣ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɟ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɚɦɨɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɟɦɵɦ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɫ

ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɦ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɨɦ ɹɜɥɹɹɫɶ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɵɦ ɨɬ ɧɟɝɨ ɉɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɣ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɟɬ ɫɜɨɺ ɩɪɟɜɨɫɯɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɧɚɞ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɨɦ ɞɜɭɦɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɦɢ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɚɦɢ ɨɯɪɚɧɹɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɥɢɛɨ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɹ ɧɚɞ ɧɢɦ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶ ɡɚɤɨɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ

ɋɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɧɟɫɦɨɬɪɹ ɧɚ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶ ɟɝɨ ɚɜɬɨɧɨɦɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɦ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɦ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɨɦ ± ɨɬɦɟɱɚɟɬ Ɋɟɧɚɬɨ ɇɢɤɨɥɚɢ

ɉɨ Ɏɚɛɢɚɧɭ ɋɢɦɦɚɧɤɭ ɝɥɨɛɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɩɪɚɜɨ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɦ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɚɟɬ ɱɪɟɡɜɵɱɚɣɧɨ ɬɟɫɧɭɸ ɫɜɹɡɶ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɦ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɨɦ ɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚɦɢ Ɍɚɤ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜɨɜɥɟɱɟɧɵ ɜ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ ɧɨ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɢɧɬɟɝɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɵ ɜ ɝɢɛɪɢɞɧɵɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɱɚɫɬɧɵɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ȼɫɟɦɢɪɧɨɟ ɚɧɬɢɞɨɩɢɧɝɨɜɨɟ ɚɝɟɧɬɫɬɜɨ Ʉɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɭɸ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɭ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɥɚ ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɨɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɤɚɤ ©ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɣ ɪɟɠɢɦª ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɹ ɬɚɤɨɜɨɣ ɤɚɤ ɫɨɜɨɤɭɩɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɡɚɢɦɧɵɯ ɨɠɢɞɚɧɢɣ ɧɨɪɦ ɩɪɚɜɢɥ ɩɥɚɧɨɜ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɟɣɢɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɵɯɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɩɪɢɧɹɬɵɯɝɪɭɩɩɨɣɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜ ɋɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɢɬɶ ɫ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɦɢ ɱɚɫɬɧɵɦɢ ɪɟɠɢɦɚɦɢ ɹɜɥɹɸɳɢɦɢɫɹ ɞɨɛɪɨɜɨɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɢ ɧɟɩɪɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɨɞɧɚɤɨ ɤɨɧɰɟɩɬɭɚɥɶɧɨ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɧɚ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɚɯ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɨ ɢɦɟɸɳɢɯ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɢɦɟɧɧɨ ɜ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɦ ɩɪɚɜɟ ȼ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɢɡ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɛɵɥɢ ɩɪɢɜɧɟɫɟɧɵ ɬɚɤɢɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɟ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɵ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩ ɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɟɣ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣ ɩɪɨɰɟɞɭɪɵ ɢɥɢ ɩɪɚɜɨ ɛɵɬɶ ɭɫɥɵɲɚɧɧɵɦ ɋɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɜɨɡɧɢɤ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɦɚɫɫɨɜɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɧɚɞ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɚɦɢ ɤɥɭɛɚɦɢ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹɦɢ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɫɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɨɦ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɦ ɬɪɟɛɭɸɬɫɹ ɞɟɬɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɵ

Oliverio A. , OLPLWL DOO¶DXWRQRPLD GHOO¶RUGLQDPHQWR VSRUWLYR OR VYLQFROR GHOO¶DWOHWD >ɉɪɟɞɟɥɵ ɚɜɬɨɧɨɦɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ @ 5LYLVWD GL 'LULWWR HG (FRQRPLD 'HOOR 6SRUW ± ± 9RO ,,, ± )DVF ± 3 ± ± 3

Rabu G/¶RUJDQLVDWLRQ GX VSRUW SDU OH FRQWUDW (VVDL VXU OD QRWLRQ G¶RUGUH MXULGLTXH VSRUWLI >Ɉɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɩɨɞ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɤɬɨɦ Ɂɚɦɟɬɤɢ ɨ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ@ KWWS ZZZ FHQWUHGHGURLWGXVSRUW IU LQGH[ SKS"RSWLRQ FRPBFRQWHQW YLHZ DUWLFOH LG UDEX FDWLG WKHVHV ,WHPLG !

Nicolai R./HJDO 2UGHU DQG 6SRUW 6\VWHP >ɉɪɚɜɨɜɨɣ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ@ 3XEOLF /DZ DQG 5HJXODWLRQ &ROOHFWHG (VVD\V (G E\$&LFFKHWWL-2 )URVLQL 0 *ROD ± 6DQWDUFDQJHOR GL 5RPDJQD 0DJJLROL (GLWRUH ± S ± 3 ± ± 3

Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ

ɩɟɪɟɫɦɨɬɪɚ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɣ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɩɪɨɩɨɪɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ

Ʉɚɤ ɩɢɲɭɬ ɋɚɣɦɢɪ ɒɚɬɤɭ Ȼɥɟɪɢɧɚ Ɇɟɦɚ ɢ Ʉɭɞɪɟɬ ɑɟɣɹ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɬɨғ ɤɚɫɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɢ

ɦɟɠɞɭ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɦɨɣ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɦɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɢ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ

Ʉɚɤ ɨɬɦɟɱɚɟɬ ɗɥɢɧɚ Ɇɭɫɬɚɣɪɚ ɜɟɫɶɦɚ ɱɚɫɬɨ ɨɪɝɚɧɵ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜ ɭɫɬɭɩɚɸɬ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɧɨɪɦɨɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɢɹ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɹɳɢɦ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦ ɩɨ ɬɟɦ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɚɦ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɤɚɫɚɸɬɫɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɋɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɜɧɟɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɩɪɚɜɨ ɧɚ ɜɦɟɲɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɜ ɛɨɥɶɲɟɣ ɢɥɢ ɦɟɧɶɲɟɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨғ ɛɟɡɭɫɥɨɜɧɨ ɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɡɚ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɋɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɟɺ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɚɯ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɭɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɚ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨɦ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɥɢɛɨ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɧɨɪɦɚɦɢ ɥɢɛɨ ɝɢɛɪɢɞɧɨ ± ɨɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨ ɧɨɪɦɚɦɢ ɨɛɟɢɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɜ ɫɥɨɠɧɨɣ ɢɯ ɢɧɬɟɪɪɟɥɹɰɢɢ

Ⱥɜɬɨɧɨɦɧɵɣ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ ɫɨɡɞɚɜɚɥɫɹ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɬɹɠɟɧɢɢ ;; ɜɟɤɚ ɢ ɜ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɜɫɺ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɱɚɫɬɨ ɫɬɚɥɤɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚɦɢ ɜɵɫɬɪɚɢɜɚɟɦɵɦɢ ɢ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɟɦɵɦɢ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɢ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɢ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚɦɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɨɧɢ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɸɬ ɂ ɷɬɨ ɧɟɪɟɞɤɨ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬ ɫɜɨɺ ɨɬɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɡɚɤɨɧɚɯ ɬɟɯ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɵɯ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜ ɦɢɪɚ

Ɍɚɤ ɜ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɫɬɚɬɶɢ Ⱦɟɤɪɟɬɚ Ɂɚɤɨɧɚ ɂɬɚɥɢɢ ɨɬ ʋ ɪɟɞ ɨɬ ©Ɉ ɫɪɨɱɧɵɯ ɦɟɪɚɯ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɸɫɬɢɰɢɢª ɨɬɦɟɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɱɬɨ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɱɚɫɬɶɸ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ ɜɨ ɝɥɚɜɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ Ɇɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɣ Ɉɥɢɦɩɢɣɫɤɢɣ ɤɨɦɢɬɟɬ ɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɫɬɚɬɶɢ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ Ⱦɟɤɪɟɬɚ Ɂɚɤɨɧɚ ɂɬɚɥɢɢ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɨɦɢɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɦɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɦɩɨɪɹɞɤɨɦɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɸɬɫɹɧɚɨɫɧɨɜɟ

Simmank F. 6SRUWV JOREDO ODZ ± 5DFLQJ DJDLQVW WKH FORFN FRPSHWLQJ IRU D FRPSUHKHQVLYH XQGHUVWDQGLQJ ( 3~EOLFD ± 5HYLVWD (OHFWUyQLFD GH 'LUHLWR 3~EOLFR ± ± ʋ KWWS H SXEOLFD SW SGI DUWLJRV VSRUWV JOREDO ODZ SGI! ± S ± 3 ±

Shatku S., Mema B., Çela K. 7KH6SRUWV/DZLQWKH&RQWH[WRIWKH3OXUDOLW\RI/DZ 6\VWHPV DQG WKH 1HZ &RQFHSW RI 3URIHVVLRQDO 6SRUW :RUN LQ (XURSHDQ $UHD $FDGHPLF -RXUQDO RI ,QWHUGLVFLSOLQDU\ 6WXGLHV ± 0DUFK ± 9RO ± ʋ ± 3 ± ± 3 KWWS ZZZ PFVHU RUJ MRXUQDO LQGH[ SKS DMLV DUWLFOH GRZQORDG !

Moustaira E. 6SRUWV OHJDO RUGHU DQG FLYLO OLDELOLW\ &RPSDUDWLYH ODZ FRPPHQWV KWWS XVHUV XRD JU aHPRXVWDL$WKOHWLFV 0RXVWDLUD SGI! ± S ± 3

Chappelet J.-L., Kübler-Mabbott B. 7KH ,QWHUQDWLRQDO 2O\PSLF &RPPLWWHH DQG WKH 2O\PSLF 6\VWHP 7KH *RYHUQDQFH RI :RUOG 6SRUW ± /RQGRQ 5RXWOHGJH ± S ± 3'HFUHWR /HJJH ʋ ©'LVSRVL]LRQL XUJHQWL LQ PDWHULD GL JLXVWL]LD VSRUWLYDª DJRVWR *D]]HWWD 8IILFLDOH ± ± ʋ

KWWS ZZZ FDPHUD LW SDUODP OHJJL O KWP GHFUHWR!

Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ

Ɉɛɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɧɨ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɬɶ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɜ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɸɳɢɯ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ

ɚɤɬɵ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɹ ©ɦɹɝɤɨɟª ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɟ ɩɪɚɜɨ

ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜ ɧɚ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɸɬ ɫɜɨɸ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ

ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɵ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɚɟɦɵɟ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɦɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹɦɢ

ɚɤɬɵ ɜɧɟɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɝɨ ɷɤɫɬɪɚ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ OH[ VSRUWLYD

Ɇɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɚɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɢ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɟ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɟ ɩɪɚɜɨ

ȼɨɩɪɨɫ ɨ ɬɨɦ ɜ ɤɚɤɨɣ ɦɟɪɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ ɜ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɭɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɨ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɦ ɩɪɚɜɨɦ ɚ ɪɚɜɧɨ ɝɞɟ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɵ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɟɫɶɦɚ ɞɢɫɤɭɫɫɢɨɧɧɵɦ ɢ ɧɟɩɪɨɫɬɵɦ

ɉɨ ɨɛɳɟɦɭ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɭ ɚɤɬɵ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɧɟ ɨɛɥɚɞɚɸɬ ɩɪɹɦɨɣ ɢɦɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɫɢɥɨɣ ɜ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɢ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ ɬɟɦ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɱɬɨ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɶɧɵɯ ɜ ɬɟɦɭ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɤɪɚɣɧɟ ɦɚɥɨ Ɍɟɦ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɟ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɟ ɩɪɚɜɨ ɜ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɜɫɺ ɠɟ ɡɚɬɪɚɝɢɜɚɟɬ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɵ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ ɝɥɚɜɧɵɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ± ɚɫɩɟɤɬɵ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɚ

ɇɟɪɟɞɤɨ ɜ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɯ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɫɹ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɞɥɹ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ

ȼ ɰɟɥɨɦ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɹɯ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ

± ɦɧɨɝɨɫɬɨɪɨɧɧɢɟ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɟ ɫɨɝɥɚɲɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɨɛɥɚɞɚɸɬ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɢɥɨɣ ɞɥɹ ɢɯ ɭɱɚɫɬɧɢɤɨɜ

± ɞɜɭɫɬɨɪɨɧɧɢɟ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɟ ɫɨɝɥɚɲɟɧɢɹ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɵɦɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚɦɢ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢɦɟɸɳɢɟ ɞɥɹ ɧɢɯ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɫɢɥɭ

± ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɟ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɵɟ ɩɪɟɰɟɞɟɧɬɵ ɤɚɫɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ

± ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɵ ©ɦɹɝɤɨɝɨª ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɨ ɧɨɫɹɬ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ ɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɧɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ