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SUMMARY

The present publication joins the translations of Brhadaranyaka (Moscow 1964) and Chandogya (Moscow 1965) upani- $ads issued in the same series. It contains the complete tran­ slation of the other eleven most ancient and important upani- ?ads: Aitareya, Kau§itakl, Kena, Taittirlya, Katha, Svetasvatara, Maitri, Isa, Muntfaka, Prasna, MarujQkya, dated by the majority of the scholars back to no later than the first centuri­ es В. C. and from ancient times referred to by Indian philosophers. These texts (most of them appear in Russian translation for the first time) provide an Invaluable source for the study of diffe­ rent aspects of Hinduism. The doctrine of Atman and Brahman

in Aitareya, Kau§Itaki,

Kena,

Katha,

Maitri;

the

physiological

and

psychological speculations in Prasna, MandQkya; the Interpre­

tation

of ritual in

Kau§ltaki,

Taittirlya,

Murjwjlaka,

the infor­

mation

about

Yoga

and

the

Rudra

worship

in

Svetasvatara,

etc.

may be

cited

in this connection.

 

 

 

 

 

Besides the eleven

abovementioned

texts

the

samples of

some later upani$ads are to be found in the Appendix. Among

them VaJrasQcika, Atma, Brahmabindu,

Kaivalya

are

complete­

ly translated

and Mahanarayana,

Chagaleya,

Subala,

Paingala,

Yogatattva,

Kanthasruti, Jabala,

Nilarudra,

RamapQrvatapaniya

are presented in excerpts. These

upani?ads

contain

important

information

on the evolution

of

the

orthodox Hinduism (e. g.

on the development of the doctrine

of asramas,

the

views on

varrias, etc.), on Shivaism, Vishnuism, Yoga etc.

 

 

The publications by S. Radhakrishnan, Swami

Gambhiranan-

da, Em. Lesimple, L. Renou,

L. Silburn,

R. Hauschild,

etc. were

used by the

translator (see Bibliography).

 

 

 

The Foreword contains brief Information about the texts and suggests some aspects of their further study. The Commen­

tary

does

not

 

claim

to

be

exhaustive

(both

from

the

po­

int of view of text criticism, and in the

Interpretation

of

cer­

tain reminiscences involving some particular problems

of

psy­

chology,

philosophy, etc.)

and

explains only

certain

realla

oc-

•curing in

the

text. The available traditional

Indian

commenta­

ries

and

 

the

Interpretations

of some

contemporary

scholars

have

been

taken Into

consideration.

The book

contains

short

Bibliography,

 

List of

abbreviations

and

Index of

names.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ЗАМЕЧЕННЫЕ ОПЕЧАТКИ

 

 

 

 

 

 

Стр.

 

Строка

Напечатано

 

 

Следует читать

 

 

48

 

16 ск.

текут

 

 

 

ткут

 

 

 

 

 

52

 

15 св.

себе

 

 

 

себе - •

 

 

 

 

 

85

 

колонтитул

глава

 

 

 

4 глава

 

 

 

 

 

122

 

4 св.

хватающий:

 

хватающий;

 

 

 

 

127

 

13 сн.

По

 

 

 

Под

 

 

 

 

 

218

 

12 сн.

надвое*

 

 

надвое:

 

 

 

 

 

223

 

19 сн.

двойственности)

 

двойственности.

 

 

 

257

 

13 св.

Valli

 

 

 

Valli

 

 

 

 

 

261

|

10 сн.

valli

 

 

 

valli

 

 

 

 

 

290

 

5 сн.

dak$inagni

 

 

dak$lgagni

 

 

 

 

294

 

 

1 св.

pranayamah

 

pranayamab

 

 

 

 

294

j

3

св.

sutra

 

 

 

sot га

 

 

 

 

 

 

1

 

 

n. 5

 

 

 

n. 5

 

 

 

 

 

298

|1

1 сн.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ubhayatvad

 

 

 

 

311

 

14 св.

ubhayatvad

 

 

 

 

 

319

 

17 св.

durchforschendl

 

durchforschend