Our country

The Russian Federation is the largest country in the world. It occupies about 1/7 of the Earth surface. The country is situated in Eastern Europe, Northern and Central Asia. Its total area is of over 17 million square kilometres.

Russia is washed by 12 seas of three oceans: the Pacific, the Atlantic and the Arctic. In the south and in the west the country borders on fourteen countries. It also has a sea-border with the USA.

There are no countries in the world where such a great variety of nature can be found as in our land. The Russia Federation is known for its various climate and wonderful scenery – picturesque river banks and lakes, warm seas, numerous forests, steppes, highlands and deserts. The highest mountains in our country are the Altai, the Caucasus, the Urals, separating Europe from Asia. There are over two thousand rivers in the Russian Federation. The longest rivers are the Volga in Europe and the Lena in Asia. The Baikal is the deepest lake in the world.

Our country is one of the richest in natural resources countries in the world: oil, natural gas, coal, iron ore, gold, diamonds and other minerals, and also furs, valuable woods and medicinal herbs.

Russia has the largest oil and gas resources, the biggest deposits of rare and precious metals, building materials, concentrated in Siberia and Far East. The Kuzbas coal-field is one of the leading coal-mining areas.

The Russian Federation is a multinational state and many different peoples and nationalities live there. Its population is about 140 million people.

Moscow, the capital of Russia and the seat of the Government, is the largest political, scientific, cultural and industrial centre of the country and one of the most beautiful cities.

Our scientists have made many splendid discoveries. The first artificial Earth satellite in the history was launched in our country in 1957. The first manned spaceship “Vostok” piloted by Yuri Gagarin was launched on April 12, 1961. It opened a new era in the history of mankind.

ЗАДАНИЕ 9. Пользуясь текстом, подберите английские эквиваленты следующим словосочетаниям.

восточная Европа северная и центральная Азия омывается тремя океанами большое разнообразие замечательный пейзаж многочисленные леса угольно-добывающий район

a great variety is washed by three oceans a coal-mining area Eastern Europe Northern and Central Asia wonderful scenery numerous forests

ЗАДАНИЕ 10. Дополните информацию, данную в левой части, информацией из правой части.

1. Russia is a very large country with an area of 17 million square km. 2. The Russian Federation is known for its wonderful scenery. 3. Russia is a multinational state. 4. Siberia is extremely rich. 5. Our scientists have made many splendid discoveries.

a) It is situated in Eastern Europe and in Northern and Central Asia. b) The Baikal is the deepest lake in the world. c) Its population is 140 million people. d) The biggest deposits of rare and precious metals are concentrated there. e) Y. Gagarin was the first man to fly into outer space.

ЗАДАНИЕ 11. Используя образец и данные слова, скажите, что производят в России, (обратите внимание на залог глагола), но сначала повторите:

to produce – производить

Образец: а)

Russia

produces is producing

many things.

Россия производит многое.

b)

Many things

are produced are being produced

in Russia.

Многое производится в России.

TV sets are produced in Russia.

Russia produces excavators.

1. Our country; heavy mechanical presses или

Heavy mechanical presses; in Russia.

2. Russia; agricultural machinery или

Agricultural machinery; Russia.

3. Russia; weapons или

Weapons; Russia.

ЗАДАНИЕ 12. Подтвердите словами из текста, что:

1. Наша Родина – очень большая страна.

(Our native country is a very large country with an area of over 17 million square kilometres).

2. Россия омывается тремя океанами.

(Russia is washed by the Pacific, the Atlantic and the Arctic Oceans).

3. Наша Родина знаменита своими пейзажами.

(Our Country is known for its wonderful scenery – numerous forests and lakes, picturesque river banks, steppes, high mountains and warm seas).

4. Наша страна очень богата природными ресурсами.

(Our country is very rich in minerals, furs, valuable woods, medicinal herbs).

5. The Russian Federation is a multinational state.

(Many different peoples and nationalities live there.)

6. Наши ученые сделали много замечательных открытий.

(Our scientists have made many splendid discoveries. The first artificial satellite was launched in our country).

ЗАДАНИЕ 13. Выбрав правильный вариант, закончите следующие предложения:

1. Russia is a very large country with an area of … a) 17 million square kilometres; b) 204 thousand square kilometres. 2. It is washed by … a) 4; b) 3 oceans. 3. Its population is … a) 280; b) 140 million people. 4. … a) Moscow; b) St. Petersburg is the seat of the Government.

ЗАДАНИЕ 14. А теперь продолжаем учиться общаться.

Какой сегодня день недели? Today is… Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday Какое сегодня число? It’s the fifth (of November) Какой это месяц? January February March April May June July August September October November December

What is the day today? Сегодня… понедельник вторник среда четверг пятница суббота воскресенье What is the date today? Сегодня пятое (ноября) What month is it? январь февраль март апрель май июнь июль август сентябрь октябрь ноябрь декабрь

4.2.