- •О музыке и музыкантах
- •Предисловие
- •I. Musical instruments
- •1.1. Wide possibilities of folk instruments active words and word combinations
- •Before you read the text
- •Text a yuri kazakov: “I played bach on my accordion”
- •After you have read the text
- •Text b russian guitar
- •1.2. Russian soul mirrored in their art active words and word combinations
- •Before you read the text
- •Тexт a russian soul mirrored in its art
- •After you have read the text
- •Vysotsky forever
- •1.3. Stringed instruments active words
- •Before you read the text
- •Text a stringed instruments
- •After you have read the text
- •Text в рianoforte
- •1.4. Wind instruments active words and word combinations
- •Before you read the text
- •Text a wind instruments
- •After you have read the text
- •Text в brass instruments
- •1.5. Organ active words and word combinations
- •Вefоre you read the тext
- •Text a organ
- •After you read тнe text
- •Text b harmonium
- •2. Geniusses of russian music
- •2.1. Тhe father of russian music active words and word combinations
- •Before you read the text
- •Text a the father of russian music
- •After you have read the text
- •Text в folk songs
- •2.2. Opera is always on modern lines active words
- •Before you read the text
- •After you have read the text
- •Text в from the history of opera
- •2.3. Pyotr ilyich tchaikovsky active words and word combinations
- •Before you read text
- •Text a р. I. Тсhаiкоvsку about himself
- •After you have read text
- •Text b p.I. Tchaikovsky in new york
- •2.4. Sergei rachmaninov active words and word combinations
- •Before you read the text
- •Text a sergei rachmaninov: liturgy of st. John chrisostom
- •After you have read the text
- •Text b rachmaninov’s vespers
- •2.5. The greatest composer
- •Active words and word combinations
- •Before you read the text
- •Text a the greatest composer of the mid-20th century
- •After you have read the text
- •Text в how did it start?
- •2.6. Leading interpreters of music active words and word combinations
- •Before you read the text
- •Text a one of the leading interpreters of music: conductor yevgeni mravinsky
- •After you have read the text
- •Text b musician’s rebellious nature
- •3. Brilliance of german music
- •3.1. Johann sebastian bach active words and word combinations
- •Before you read the text
- •Text a j.S. Bach in leipzig
- •Proper Names
- •After you have read the text
- •Text b early years of j. S. Bach
- •3.2. Wolfgang amadeus mozart active words and word combinations
- •Before you read the text
- •Text a wolfgang amadeus mozart
- •After you have read the text
- •Text b reinterpreting mozart
- •3.3. Ludwig van beethoven active words
- •Before you read the text
- •Text a ludwing van beethoven
- •After you have read the text
- •Text в beethoven’s sonatas
- •3.4. Exponents of romanticism in german music active words and word combinations
- •Before you read the text
- •After you have read the text
- •Text в robert schumann
- •3.5. Richard wagner active words and word combinations
- •Before you read the text
- •Text a richard wagner
- •After you have read the text
- •Text b wagner’s childhood and youth
- •3.6. New viennise school active words and word combinations
- •Before you read the text
- •Text a arnold schoenberg
- •Proper Names
- •After you have read the text
- •Text в paul hindemith
- •4. English and american music
- •4.1. From the history of english music active words and word combinations
- •Before you read the text
- •Text a from the history of english music
- •Proper Names
- •After you have read the text
- •Text b henry purcell
- •Proper Names
- •4.2. Opera, symphonic and chamber music
- •In england active words and word combinations
- •Before you read the text
- •Text a glimpse of english opera
- •After you have read the text
- •Text b promenade concerts
- •4.3. English light music of the 20th century active words and word combinations
- •Before you read the text
- •Text a the beatles
- •After you have read the text
- •Text b the rolling stones
- •Proper Names
- •4.4. From the history of american music active words and word combinations
- •Before you read the text
- •Text a from the history of american music
- •After you have read тнe тexт
- •Text b music of african americans
- •4.5. The greatest american composers of the 20th century active words and word combinations
- •Before you read the text
- •Text a george gershwin
- •After you have read the text
- •Text b leonard bernstein
- •4.6. Stars of american music active words and word combinations
- •Before you read the text
- •Text a the “duke” is gone but he’s left us with a rich legacy
- •After you have read the text
- •Text b marty lacker: portrait of a friend
- •Additional vocabulary
- •Contents
- •455036, Г. Магнитогорск, ул. Грязнова, 22
Text в how did it start?
Dmitri Shostakovich received his first piano lessons from his mother, a professional pianist, at the age of nine. In 1919 he was admitted to the Petrograd Conservatory, where he studied the piano with Leonid Nikolayev and composition with Maximilian Shteynberg, and where he was given encouragement and material help by Glazunov. The young Shostakovich had to support his widowed mother and his sisters by playing the piano in a cinema. At the Conservatory he completed the piano course in 1923 and the composition course in 1925. For a time he was undecided whether to follow the career of a pianist or that of the composer. Success came early in both fields: his First Symphony, written as a graduation piece, was acclaimed in Leningrad at the premiere on the 12th of May 1926 (under Malko), in Berlin on the 5th of May 1927 (under Walter) and on the 2nd of November 1928 in Philadelphia (under Stokovski). And Shostakovich won honourable mention as a pianist at the International Chopin Contest in Warsaw in 1927. Although he continued as a postgraduate student in composition until 1930, he rarely consulted his teacher Shteynberg, who admitted that he “understood nothing” in Shostakovich's more recent works. Indeed, they showed a new musical idiom – satirical, and highly dissonant which reflected the modern trends in West European music.
2.6. Leading interpreters of music active words and word combinations
1. admiration [,xdmq’reISn] |
восхищение, восторг |
2. appoint [q’poInt] |
назначать /на должность/ |
3. austere [Os’tIq] |
строгий, аскетический |
4. bear witness to (of) |
свидетельствовать, удостоверять |
5. capacity audiences |
переполненный зал |
6. commonplace |
общее место, банальность |
7. conjure up [’kAnGq...] |
вызывать в воображении |
8. conviction |
уверенность, убежденность |
9. exaggeration [Ig,zxGq’reISn] |
преувеличение |
10. feast [fJst] |
праздник |
11. gain |
получать, приобретать |
12. impact [’Impxkt] |
влияние, воздействие |
13. manner |
способ, метод, манера |
14. mastery |
мастерство |
15. outward [’Qutwqd] |
внешний, поверхностный |
16. overpower [,ouvq’pQuq] |
пересиливать, брать верх, подавлять |
17. performing body |
исполнительский состав |
18. permanently [’pWmqnqntlI] |
постоянно, надолго, навсегда |
19. possess [pq’zes] |
обладать, владеть |
20. principal |
главный, основной, ведущий |
21. profound [prq’fQund] |
глубокий, мудрый, проникновенный |
22. purposefulness |
целеустремленность |
23. respect [rIs’pekt] |
уважение, почтение |
24. restrained [rIs’treInd] |
сдержанный, умеренный |
25. state |
заявлять, сообщать, констатировать |
26. strive for |
стараться, прилагать усилия |
27. subject to [’sAbGIkt ...] |
подверженный, подлежащий |
28. trace |
след |
29. unshakable [An’SeIkbl] |
непоколебимый |
30. vigour [’vIgq] |
сила, энергия |