2.3. Pyotr ilyich tchaikovsky active words and word combinations

1. aim	стремиться
2. anxiety [xN’zQIqtI]	беспокойство, тревога
3. appeal to [q’pJl ..]	притягивать, привлекать
4. ardour [’Rdq]	жар, пыл, рвение
5. at one's request	по чьей-либо просьбе
6. attain [q’teIn]	достигать, добиться
7. сonsolation [,kOnsq’leISn]	утешение
8. cross	крест
9. dedication [,dedI’keISn]	посвящение; преданность, самоотверженность
10. dread [dred]	страшиться, бояться
11. engage [in’geIG]	нанимать
12. exertion [ig’zWSn]	напряжение, усилие
13. experience [iks’pIqrIqns]	испытывать, знать по опыту
14. failure [‘feIljq]	неуспех, неудача, провал
15. flatter	льстить, быть приятным
16. flop	провал
17. gradually [‘grxdjuqlI]	постепенно, мало-помалу
18. gratify [‘grxtIfQI]	удовлетворять, вознаграждать
19. hospitality [,hOspI’txlItI]	гостеприимство, радушие
20. idler [’Qidlq]	лентяй, бездельник
21. invoke [in’vouk]	вызывать /волшебством, заклинанием/
22. just	справедливый, беспристрастный
23. muse on (upon) [mjHz ..]	размышлять, задумыватьcя
24. on the eve	накануне, в канун
25. оwе [ou]	быть должным, обязанным, быть в долгу
26. passage [‘pxsIG]	место, отрывок из произведения
27. perservere [,pWsI’vIq]	стойко, упорно продолжать, упорно добиваться
28. rаrе [rFq]	редкий
29. regard [ri’gRd]	рассматривать, считать
30. search [sWtS]	искать, исследовать
31. sincere [sIn’sIq]	искренний, чистосердечный
32. strike	производить впечатление
33. subject-matter	тема, содержание /произведения/
34. succour [’sAkq]	помощь, oкaзaнная в трудную минуту
35. terror	страх, ужас
36. touch uроn [tAtS...]	затрагивать, касаться вкратце
37. trepidation [,trepI’deISn]	трепет, дрожь, тревога
38. vacillate [‘vxsIeIt]	колебаться, проявлять нерешительность
39. verdict [’vWdIkt]	вердикт, решение, мнение, суждение
40. vocation [vou’keISn]	призвание, склонность, профессия

Before you read text

1. Give the three forms of the following irregular verbs.

leave, meet, set, shake, shine, sing, speak, spend, strike, take, tell, think, throw, write

2. Practise aloud.

Russia – Russian, idle – idler, art – artist, realise – realisation, serve – service, fail – failure, perfect – perfection, decide – decision, dedicate – dedication, inspire – inspiration, satisfy – satisfaction

3. Pronounce correctly.

imperial, jurisprudence, serious(ly), period, realisation, conservatoire, theory, peak, perfection, andante, quartet, directorate, history, verdict, nervous, system, procession, gala concert, ballet, poetic, positively, symphony, especially

4. Read the sentences and translate them paying attention to the italicized words.

1. Foreigners admire the incomparable beauty of Russian folk music. 2. He was an outstanding accordionist. 3. I have come to the conclusion that I must spend more time on my English. 4. He gave up his civil service. 5. He was not in the least ashamed of his idle life. 6. The child burst into tears when he broke the toy. 7. The singer repeated his aria at the request of the audience. 6. It seems that in spring nature is in joyous mood. 9. The composer studied the libretto and made a decision to write an opera. 10. Contemporaries don't always realize that they live with a genius. 11. Conducting demands much effort. 12. If you work much you usually get considerable satisfaction from your work. 13. She was faced with many problems. 14. From time to time the performer threw a glance at the notes. 15. The con­ductor had to deal with a new orchestra. 16. In foreign countries he felt indescribable homesickness. 17. The invitation gratified his ambitions as a composer. 18. She cannot help sharing his feelings. 19. The flat has all modern accommodations. 20. M. I. Glinka is regarded to be the Father of Russian music.

5. Translate into Russian analysing the "ing" - forms of the verbs.

1. He began composing at an early age. 2. You can't play correctly without studying the theory of music. 3. He is still searching and doubting. 4. Conducting is a very hard vocation. 5. I am afraid of looking into the future. 6. The feeling of homesickness is devastating. 7. "The Sleeping Beauty" has extremely poetic subject-matter. 8. The invitation for a tour in Europe was gratifying to his ambition as a singer. 9. After having finished the Sixth Symphony Tchaikovsky regarded it as his sincerest work. 10. Having discovered that he was ten times more popular in America than in Europe Tchaikovsky was very pleased.

6. Look through text A and tell in a few words what it is about.

7. Read text A carefully.